The aim of this work was to study the reactions of wheat （T. aestivum L.） and its wild congeners under salt stress. Physiological mechanisms that underlie traits for salt tolerance plantlets have been used to test s...The aim of this work was to study the reactions of wheat （T. aestivum L.） and its wild congeners under salt stress. Physiological mechanisms that underlie traits for salt tolerance plantlets have been used to test some wheat species and to identify sources of salty tolerance. Stress conditions were founded by means of exposure of the plantlets in NaCI water solution, 1.68% that demonstrably differentiates the samples by growth parameters. Under laboratory conditions the ability of seedlings to bear a significant shortage of water, their ability to accumulate biomass, changing the parameters of linear growth processes and changes in water content in leaves and roots of seedlings under stress was determined. Interest is also the rate of growth of root fibrils in saline conditions. These experiments allowed to provide a comprehensive diagnosis of studied forms of wheat and make an initial opinion on their salt tolerance. Different features of abiotic stress responses of some wheat species at the early stages of development were shown that testifies necessi~ of great number of approaches at selection of genetic material for improvement of modern wheat eultivars. This work is the first phase of research for practical breeding.展开更多
To distinguish the taxonomy of Yihuang wild rice found in Yihuang County, Jiangxi Province, China in 1999, the botanical characteristics of Yihuang wild rice were retrieved by genus, and species; at the same time, the...To distinguish the taxonomy of Yihuang wild rice found in Yihuang County, Jiangxi Province, China in 1999, the botanical characteristics of Yihuang wild rice were retrieved by genus, and species; at the same time, the tubercle characters on lemma in Yihuang wild rice, O. rufipogon, 0. officinalis, 0. meyeriana, and O. granulata, were also observed by scanning electron microscopy. The retrieval result by genus showed that Yihuang wild rice is Leersia Soland. Ex Swartz., not Oryza L., Hygroryza Nees and Chikusichloa Koidz. The retrieval result by species showed that Yihuang wild rice is L. sayanuka Ohwi, not L. hexandra Swartz., L. japonica （Makino） Honda and L. oryzoides （L.） Swartz. The results of the SEM observation on tubercles on lemma showed that the tubercle characters on lemma of Yihuang wild rice belongs to ＂inlaid- silica-peak＂ type, which is different from the three types of wild rice existing in China, O. rufipogon, O. officinalis, O. Meyeriana, and also O. granulata, but is similar to L. tisseranti, thereby gives a proof of the above retrieval results. It could be concluded that Yihuang wild rice does not belong to Oryza L., but to Leersia sayanuka Ohwi of Leersia Soland. Ex Swartz.展开更多
Vetiver grass (</span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Vetiveria</span></i> <i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">zizanioides</span></i>&l...Vetiver grass (</span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Vetiveria</span></i> <i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">zizanioides</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> L.) is widely used for soil and water conservation, and land management. In practice, all vetiver seedlings are propagated via ramets or tillers, which cannot meet the market demand and would also destroy the original habitat. Most</span><span style="color:red;"> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">vetiver genotypes flower but do not produce seeds. A wild ecotype of vetiver grass originated in southern China is fertile, but the rate of seed germination is very low. This study aimed to develop a novel method to improve its seed germination and seedling establishment. In the field, the inflorescences of wild vetiver were wrapped using a transparent plastic bag with a pot containing wet soils. The effects of inflorescence bagging and Tween 80 application on seed germination and seedling growth were examined. The results showed that seed development was characterized by low seed setting rate (19.2%), uneven maturity time, easy shedding (more than 95% of spikelets shed off 20 days after flowering), therefore difficult harvest of viable seeds. Bagging the inflorescence with moist soils in pot ensured the mature seeds falling onto the nursery soil surface and absorbing water for germination while the immature seeds continued to grow on the inflorescence. Bigging not only improved seed development and maturity, saved the procedure of seed collection and storage, but also provided a humid micro-environment for seed germination and seedling growth. Tween 80 as a surfactant promoted seed water absorption, germination and seedling growth. This simple and novel method has integrated the procedures of seed collection, storage, germination and seedling establishment, and enables </span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">the </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">produc</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">tion</span><span style="font-family:""> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">of </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">a large </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">number</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> of healthy seedlings. The possible reasons for the degeneration and disappearance of the original population were also discussed from the perspective of the disadvantages of vetiver propagation.展开更多
Carob (Ceratonia siliqua L.) fruit pulp from 12 wild and 8 domesticated trees from 15 Moroccan localities were investigated for their polyphenols contents: total polyphenols content (53.22 - 118.04 mg and 57.46 - 183....Carob (Ceratonia siliqua L.) fruit pulp from 12 wild and 8 domesticated trees from 15 Moroccan localities were investigated for their polyphenols contents: total polyphenols content (53.22 - 118.04 mg and 57.46 - 183.31 mg), total flavonoids (1.41 - 4.83 mg and 1.62 - 7.46 mg) and condensed tannins (1.47 - 7.36 mg and 1.85 - 6.66 mg) in one carob fresh pulp for wild and domesticated trees, respectively. Fruit pulp from trees in the same region shows variable contents in polyphenols, flavonoids and condensed tannins.展开更多
Background: Based on the scientific and traditional knowledge, benefits for gut and digestive health were expected from Wild Thyme (Thymus serpyllum L.) extract (WThE) consumption, but no controlled human studies were...Background: Based on the scientific and traditional knowledge, benefits for gut and digestive health were expected from Wild Thyme (Thymus serpyllum L.) extract (WThE) consumption, but no controlled human studies were performed yet to prove the proposed health benefits. Method: The aim of this human randomized, double-blind parallel arm pilot study was to explore the impact of aqueous Wild Thyme extract, a food supplement, in a healthy but overweight study collective (N = 40). In detail, the impact on digestion, gastrointestinal symptoms, gut microbiome, and quality of life by employing an essential oil-free WThE preparation or a matching placebo was investigated. Results: The study results indicate that WThE has the potential to improve gastrointestinal symptoms and increase stool frequency, thus an improved quality of life was observed. The stool microbiome of study collective was characterized by a high Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes ratio. A decrease in the mean Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio was seen in WThE group. Conclusion: The data support the potential applications of WThE as a food supplement with benefits on gut health.展开更多
Purpose of this work was to study changes in the ion balance under salt stress in roots and leaves of seedlings of T. aestivum L. and its wild congeners with different genomic composition. Laboratory assessment of sal...Purpose of this work was to study changes in the ion balance under salt stress in roots and leaves of seedlings of T. aestivum L. and its wild congeners with different genomic composition. Laboratory assessment of salt tolerance in seedlings was carried out and contents of ions K^＋, Na^＋ and Ca^2＋ in roots and leaves were defined. Considerable change of ionic balance in roots and leaves of studied forms of wheat against salt stress is shown. It is noticed that the parity K^＋/Na^＋ decreases in process of strengthening of salt stress. Authentic negative correlation between a relative gain of a biomass of leaves and roots in the stress conditions and accumulation of ions Na^＋ and between a relative gain of a biomass of leaves in the stress conditions and a parity in them of ions K^＋/Na^＋ is revealed. The research results also show that the stability characteristics of indicators of changes in ionic composition or balance in the leaves of young plants are more informative than in the roots and allow to reveal the form, characterized by relatively high of K^＋/Na^＋ ratio and the relatively low accumulation of Ca2^＋ as the most resistant to salt stress.展开更多
The article is based on field research, existing literature, and samples of herbarium kept in the National Herbarium fund (TASH) Poa bulbosa L. The distribution maps and productivity indicators in the flora of Uzbekis...The article is based on field research, existing literature, and samples of herbarium kept in the National Herbarium fund (TASH) Poa bulbosa L. The distribution maps and productivity indicators in the flora of Uzbekistan are presented. As you know, Poa bulbosa L. is considered the wild relative of cultural plants, as a forage plant, it is a plant with high protein value. In the course of research during 2021-2022, in 16 areas, the yield indicators of the species were determined. In the studied research areas, indicators of the total weight of plant bushes (on the account of wet mass) and, respectively, the volume of plant biomass (on the account of dry mass, the upper part of 25%) were determined. According to him, it was determined that the average yield of the plant the wet mass is 14669.8 kg/ha, and the average yield of the plant the dry mass in areas of total 244.0 ha in the total area is 63172.5 kg.展开更多
文摘The aim of this work was to study the reactions of wheat （T. aestivum L.） and its wild congeners under salt stress. Physiological mechanisms that underlie traits for salt tolerance plantlets have been used to test some wheat species and to identify sources of salty tolerance. Stress conditions were founded by means of exposure of the plantlets in NaCI water solution, 1.68% that demonstrably differentiates the samples by growth parameters. Under laboratory conditions the ability of seedlings to bear a significant shortage of water, their ability to accumulate biomass, changing the parameters of linear growth processes and changes in water content in leaves and roots of seedlings under stress was determined. Interest is also the rate of growth of root fibrils in saline conditions. These experiments allowed to provide a comprehensive diagnosis of studied forms of wheat and make an initial opinion on their salt tolerance. Different features of abiotic stress responses of some wheat species at the early stages of development were shown that testifies necessi~ of great number of approaches at selection of genetic material for improvement of modern wheat eultivars. This work is the first phase of research for practical breeding.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(30560073)the Key Technologies R&D Program of Jiangxi Province,China(200210100210).
文摘To distinguish the taxonomy of Yihuang wild rice found in Yihuang County, Jiangxi Province, China in 1999, the botanical characteristics of Yihuang wild rice were retrieved by genus, and species; at the same time, the tubercle characters on lemma in Yihuang wild rice, O. rufipogon, 0. officinalis, 0. meyeriana, and O. granulata, were also observed by scanning electron microscopy. The retrieval result by genus showed that Yihuang wild rice is Leersia Soland. Ex Swartz., not Oryza L., Hygroryza Nees and Chikusichloa Koidz. The retrieval result by species showed that Yihuang wild rice is L. sayanuka Ohwi, not L. hexandra Swartz., L. japonica （Makino） Honda and L. oryzoides （L.） Swartz. The results of the SEM observation on tubercles on lemma showed that the tubercle characters on lemma of Yihuang wild rice belongs to ＂inlaid- silica-peak＂ type, which is different from the three types of wild rice existing in China, O. rufipogon, O. officinalis, O. Meyeriana, and also O. granulata, but is similar to L. tisseranti, thereby gives a proof of the above retrieval results. It could be concluded that Yihuang wild rice does not belong to Oryza L., but to Leersia sayanuka Ohwi of Leersia Soland. Ex Swartz.
文摘Vetiver grass (</span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Vetiveria</span></i> <i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">zizanioides</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> L.) is widely used for soil and water conservation, and land management. In practice, all vetiver seedlings are propagated via ramets or tillers, which cannot meet the market demand and would also destroy the original habitat. Most</span><span style="color:red;"> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">vetiver genotypes flower but do not produce seeds. A wild ecotype of vetiver grass originated in southern China is fertile, but the rate of seed germination is very low. This study aimed to develop a novel method to improve its seed germination and seedling establishment. In the field, the inflorescences of wild vetiver were wrapped using a transparent plastic bag with a pot containing wet soils. The effects of inflorescence bagging and Tween 80 application on seed germination and seedling growth were examined. The results showed that seed development was characterized by low seed setting rate (19.2%), uneven maturity time, easy shedding (more than 95% of spikelets shed off 20 days after flowering), therefore difficult harvest of viable seeds. Bagging the inflorescence with moist soils in pot ensured the mature seeds falling onto the nursery soil surface and absorbing water for germination while the immature seeds continued to grow on the inflorescence. Bigging not only improved seed development and maturity, saved the procedure of seed collection and storage, but also provided a humid micro-environment for seed germination and seedling growth. Tween 80 as a surfactant promoted seed water absorption, germination and seedling growth. This simple and novel method has integrated the procedures of seed collection, storage, germination and seedling establishment, and enables </span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">the </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">produc</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">tion</span><span style="font-family:""> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">of </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">a large </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">number</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> of healthy seedlings. The possible reasons for the degeneration and disappearance of the original population were also discussed from the perspective of the disadvantages of vetiver propagation.
文摘Carob (Ceratonia siliqua L.) fruit pulp from 12 wild and 8 domesticated trees from 15 Moroccan localities were investigated for their polyphenols contents: total polyphenols content (53.22 - 118.04 mg and 57.46 - 183.31 mg), total flavonoids (1.41 - 4.83 mg and 1.62 - 7.46 mg) and condensed tannins (1.47 - 7.36 mg and 1.85 - 6.66 mg) in one carob fresh pulp for wild and domesticated trees, respectively. Fruit pulp from trees in the same region shows variable contents in polyphenols, flavonoids and condensed tannins.
文摘Background: Based on the scientific and traditional knowledge, benefits for gut and digestive health were expected from Wild Thyme (Thymus serpyllum L.) extract (WThE) consumption, but no controlled human studies were performed yet to prove the proposed health benefits. Method: The aim of this human randomized, double-blind parallel arm pilot study was to explore the impact of aqueous Wild Thyme extract, a food supplement, in a healthy but overweight study collective (N = 40). In detail, the impact on digestion, gastrointestinal symptoms, gut microbiome, and quality of life by employing an essential oil-free WThE preparation or a matching placebo was investigated. Results: The study results indicate that WThE has the potential to improve gastrointestinal symptoms and increase stool frequency, thus an improved quality of life was observed. The stool microbiome of study collective was characterized by a high Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes ratio. A decrease in the mean Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio was seen in WThE group. Conclusion: The data support the potential applications of WThE as a food supplement with benefits on gut health.
文摘Purpose of this work was to study changes in the ion balance under salt stress in roots and leaves of seedlings of T. aestivum L. and its wild congeners with different genomic composition. Laboratory assessment of salt tolerance in seedlings was carried out and contents of ions K^＋, Na^＋ and Ca^2＋ in roots and leaves were defined. Considerable change of ionic balance in roots and leaves of studied forms of wheat against salt stress is shown. It is noticed that the parity K^＋/Na^＋ decreases in process of strengthening of salt stress. Authentic negative correlation between a relative gain of a biomass of leaves and roots in the stress conditions and accumulation of ions Na^＋ and between a relative gain of a biomass of leaves in the stress conditions and a parity in them of ions K^＋/Na^＋ is revealed. The research results also show that the stability characteristics of indicators of changes in ionic composition or balance in the leaves of young plants are more informative than in the roots and allow to reveal the form, characterized by relatively high of K^＋/Na^＋ ratio and the relatively low accumulation of Ca2^＋ as the most resistant to salt stress.
文摘The article is based on field research, existing literature, and samples of herbarium kept in the National Herbarium fund (TASH) Poa bulbosa L. The distribution maps and productivity indicators in the flora of Uzbekistan are presented. As you know, Poa bulbosa L. is considered the wild relative of cultural plants, as a forage plant, it is a plant with high protein value. In the course of research during 2021-2022, in 16 areas, the yield indicators of the species were determined. In the studied research areas, indicators of the total weight of plant bushes (on the account of wet mass) and, respectively, the volume of plant biomass (on the account of dry mass, the upper part of 25%) were determined. According to him, it was determined that the average yield of the plant the wet mass is 14669.8 kg/ha, and the average yield of the plant the dry mass in areas of total 244.0 ha in the total area is 63172.5 kg.
