On Tibetan Students' Willingness to Communicate in EFL Classroom

Set as the primary and ultimate goal of language teaching process by MacIntyre et al.(1998),willingness to communicate in second language(L2 WTC) has been put much attention in L2 acquisition field.This study examined quantitatively the willingness to communicate in English as a foreign language(EFL WTC) in Tibetan context with a questionnaire.Tibetan college students' EFL WTC was found significantly lower than Han students.No significant difference was found between Tibetan male and female students in their EFL WTC.Causes were explored andsome pedagogical suggestions were made in this study.

A Comparison Between Male and Female in Their Willingness to Communicate and Use of Socio-cognitive Strategies

Willingness to communicate illustrates anyone’s tendency and wish to commence a communication.Besides,socio-cognitive strategies are used when people want to interact with others and face some difficulties.The aim of this study was twofold.The first aim was to investigate the difference in willingness to communicate between Iranian male and female.The second aim was to distinguish the frequency of socio-cognitive strategies used by Iranian advance students based on their gender.To these ends,32 advance learners(16 males and 16 females)were given the willingness to communicate questionnaire developed by MacIntyre,Baker,Clément,and Conrod(2001)and the socio-cognitive strategy use questionnaire.The range of the participants’age was 17-23 in both males and females.To analyze the result of the socio-cognitive strategies use,frequencies were counted.The result showed that although there were some similarities and differences between males and females while using socio-cognitive strategies,the differences were more in social strategies than cognitive ones.After collecting the data from the questionnaires and calculating the means of the two groups,an independent sample T-test was run to compute the significant differences between the two groups.The result of the willingness to communicate questionnaire revealed that males had more tendency in communication than females.Also,the result of the socio-cognitive strategy questionnaire showed that both groups are similar in cognitive strategy use,but they are different in social strategy use.

An Investigation on Willingness to Communicate of Chinese EFL Learners in a Study Abroad Context

As increasingly large number of Chinese students study abroad,Chinese students'classrooms behavious have captured attention.In addition to analyzing the factors affecting the learners'willingness to communicate(WTC) in second language(L2),the paper also aims to examine validity of the heuristic model of MacIntyre et al.(1998) in this particular context.Results show that interlocutor,topic and conversational context are the three main situational variables found to affect the Chinese learners'L2 WTC.

Research on English Majors＇ Willingness to Communicate Inside Classroom

As a new affective variable in the field of L2 （Second Language） Acquisition, the study of WTC （Willingness to Communicate） has attracted widespread attention since the 1990s, which is not only an effective way to promote language learning but also an important language target itself. Based on the data got from the questionnaire, the present study intends to explore the level, gender difference, correlation with academic .performance, and influencing factors of English majors＇ WTC inside classroom using both quantitative and qualitative research method. The results reveal that English majors＇ WTC inside classroom is comparatively high; there is no significant gender difference in English majors＇ WTC inside classroom, and there is significant positive correlation between WTC inside classroom and academic achievement; furthermore, language capacity, language anxiety, and communicative atmosphere are the main influencing factors

Discussion about Chinese Cultural Perspectives on Willingness to Communicate

In Chinese traditional classes, grammar-based teaching method is widely adopted, and this leads to a phenomenon thatChinese students are usually good at grammar and writing, but poor at speaking. Besides, when Chinese students are in a communi-cation-based class, some of them usually feel uncomfortable and are reluctant to communicate. This phenomenon may relate to Chi-nese students' willingness to communicate(WTC).There are a great deal of research has been conducted to WTC related to person-ality, communicative and social environment. However, just small number of exploration has been allotted to the cultural perspec-tive.

An Exploration of the Influence of Willingness to Communicate on Second Language Communication

This qualitative study aims at exploring the influence of L2 learners' willingness to communicate(WTC) on second language communication. The participants involved in this study were 7 beginners learning Mandarin in a Chinese university whose native languages were totally different. Multiple sources of data were collected, including classroom observations, semistructured interviews and stimulated recalls. The results indicate that the students with higher level of WTC were more fluent in L2 Chinese communication, and the student whose native language or second language is Russian performed better in Chinese communication.

Study on Communication Effect of Food Safety Risk in Social Media:the Influence of Response Effort Level on Consumption Willingness Change

By constructing influence model for communication effect of food safety risk in social media environment,the influences of different response manners taken by relevant enterprises on consumers' cognition and purchasing intention are analyzed,and influence mechanisms of response effort level,interaction and content reliability on consumers' attitudes are revealed. Based on quasi-experimental study with three kinds of response effort levels,it is found that content reliability,interaction and effort degree of enterprise response under negative information of food safety event have significant impacts on communication effect and consumers' purchasing intention.

移动学习情境下英语口语交际意愿研究

交际意愿是影响口语交际效果的重要因素,而现有研究大多聚焦传统课堂环境下的交际意愿,而对移动学习情境下交际意愿关注不足。本研究以微信小组为平台,通过问卷和访谈探究学生在英语小组合作学习中交际意愿特点。研究发现,在微信小组口语活动中,交际意愿的改善和以下因素相关:微信小组活动能提升学生交际意愿自主性;有效降低学生焦虑程度,从而提高交际自信;促进口语互动质量提升;提供情感支持。此外,移动学习的及时性和交互性可有效辅助课外非正式学习,方便教师跟踪学习过程。

Emergence and Development of Health Risk Communication Networks Among Street-Level Health Bureaucrats During the COVID-19 Pandemic Crisis in Myanmar

Street-level health bureaucrats have actively contributed to implementing the COVID-19 prevention,control,and treatment policies of the Myanmar government.However,the need for bureaucrats on the frontlines of policy implementation to maintain a safe distance from others to prevent the spread of COVID-19 has posed challenges for the sharing and exchange of information related to health risks.In this context,this study examined what health risk communication patterns have emerged and developed among streetlevel health bureaucrats during the COVID-19 pandemic,and how this risk communication has been affected by streetlevel health bureaucrats'perceptions of client meaningfulness and willingness to implement COVID-19 policies.The results reveal that street-level health bureaucrats in the health risk communication network are embedded in reciprocally or transitively connected discussion relationships that sustain their health risk communication over time.Moreover,when specific healthcare staffmembers perceive more benefits of COVID-19 policies for their patients and are more willing to care for patients,other healthcare staffavoid them to protect themselves from COVID-19 infection.Due to their higher level of understanding of the adopted measures,healthcare staffmembers who are highly willing to implement COVID-19 policies are frequently approached by other staffmembers to communicate about COVID-19 issues.This study empirically contributes to the literature on street-level bureaucrats in times of pandemic crisis by examining the formation of health risk communications in the context of street-level health bureaucrats'responses to and participation in public healthcare policy implementation processes.