The wind power potential in Interior Alaska is evaluated from a micrometeorological perspective. Based on the local balance equation of momentum and the equation of continuity we derive the local balance equation of k...The wind power potential in Interior Alaska is evaluated from a micrometeorological perspective. Based on the local balance equation of momentum and the equation of continuity we derive the local balance equation of kinetic energy for macroscopic and turbulent systems, and in a further step, Bernoulli’s equation and integral equations that customarily serve as the key equations in momentum theory and blade-element analysis, where the Lanchester-Betz-Joukowsky limit, Glauert’s optimum actuator disk, and the results of the blade-element analysis by Okulov and Sorensen are exemplarily illustrated. The wind power potential at three different sites in Interior Alaska (Delta Junction, Eva Creek, and Poker Flat) is assessed by considering the results of wind field predictions for the winter period from October 1, 2008, to April 1, 2009 provided by the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model to avoid time-consuming and expensive tall-tower observations in Interior Alaska which is characterized by a relatively low degree of infrastructure outside of the city of Fairbanks. To predict the average power output we use the Weibull distributions derived from the predicted wind fields for these three different sites and the power curves of five different propeller-type wind turbines with rated powers ranging from 2 MW to 2.5 MW. These power curves are represented by general logistic functions. The predicted power capacity for the Eva Creek site is compared with that of the Eva Creek wind farm established in 2012. The results of our predictions for the winter period 2008/2009 are nearly 20 percent lower than those of the Eva Creek wind farm for the period from January to September 2013.展开更多
大规模风电并网必然会给电力系统带来一系列的电能质量问题,为保证电网投资经济性和电能质量最优,考虑风机出力以及负荷预测的不确定性,利用机会约束规划方法构建了以线路总长度最短,风电场并网公共连接点处的电压闪变水平最低为目标的...大规模风电并网必然会给电力系统带来一系列的电能质量问题,为保证电网投资经济性和电能质量最优,考虑风机出力以及负荷预测的不确定性,利用机会约束规划方法构建了以线路总长度最短,风电场并网公共连接点处的电压闪变水平最低为目标的风电场多目标电网规划模型。针对传统优化算法的目标权重人为选择以及常规NSGA2算法的局部收敛等问题,提出将正态分布交叉(normal distribution crossover,NDX)算子引入到NSGA2算法中,借助NDX算子加强算法的全局搜索能力,优化出最佳的电网规划方案。对IEEE6节点系统的仿真结果表明所提方法具有较高的决策效率,得到的含风电场电网的规划方案,在保证经济性的同时,也使风机并网点的电能质量达到更高的品质。展开更多
基金the National Science Foundation for funding the project work of Megan Hinzman and Samuel Smock in summer 2011Hannah K.Ross and John Cooney in summer 2012 through the Research Experience for Undergraduates(REU)Program,grant number AGS1005265the Alaska Department of Labor for funding Dr.Gary Sellhorst’s project work
文摘The wind power potential in Interior Alaska is evaluated from a micrometeorological perspective. Based on the local balance equation of momentum and the equation of continuity we derive the local balance equation of kinetic energy for macroscopic and turbulent systems, and in a further step, Bernoulli’s equation and integral equations that customarily serve as the key equations in momentum theory and blade-element analysis, where the Lanchester-Betz-Joukowsky limit, Glauert’s optimum actuator disk, and the results of the blade-element analysis by Okulov and Sorensen are exemplarily illustrated. The wind power potential at three different sites in Interior Alaska (Delta Junction, Eva Creek, and Poker Flat) is assessed by considering the results of wind field predictions for the winter period from October 1, 2008, to April 1, 2009 provided by the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model to avoid time-consuming and expensive tall-tower observations in Interior Alaska which is characterized by a relatively low degree of infrastructure outside of the city of Fairbanks. To predict the average power output we use the Weibull distributions derived from the predicted wind fields for these three different sites and the power curves of five different propeller-type wind turbines with rated powers ranging from 2 MW to 2.5 MW. These power curves are represented by general logistic functions. The predicted power capacity for the Eva Creek site is compared with that of the Eva Creek wind farm established in 2012. The results of our predictions for the winter period 2008/2009 are nearly 20 percent lower than those of the Eva Creek wind farm for the period from January to September 2013.
文摘大规模风电并网必然会给电力系统带来一系列的电能质量问题,为保证电网投资经济性和电能质量最优,考虑风机出力以及负荷预测的不确定性,利用机会约束规划方法构建了以线路总长度最短,风电场并网公共连接点处的电压闪变水平最低为目标的风电场多目标电网规划模型。针对传统优化算法的目标权重人为选择以及常规NSGA2算法的局部收敛等问题,提出将正态分布交叉(normal distribution crossover,NDX)算子引入到NSGA2算法中,借助NDX算子加强算法的全局搜索能力,优化出最佳的电网规划方案。对IEEE6节点系统的仿真结果表明所提方法具有较高的决策效率,得到的含风电场电网的规划方案,在保证经济性的同时,也使风机并网点的电能质量达到更高的品质。