KnowledgeMapping of Hybrid Solar PV andWind Energy Standalone Systems: A Bibliometric Analysis

Renewable energy is becoming more attractive as traditional fossil fuels are rapidly depleted and expensive,and their use would release pollutants.Power systems that use both wind and solar energy are more reliable and efficient than those that utilize only one energy.Hybrid renewable energy systems(HRES)are viable for remote areas operating in standalone mode.This paper aims to present the state-of-the-art research on off-grid solar-wind hybrid energy systems over the last two decades.More than 1500 published articles extracted from the Web of Science are analyzed by bibliometric methods and processed by CiteSpace to present the results with figures and tables.Productive countries and highly cited authors are identified,and hot topics with hotspot articles are shown in landscape and timeline views.Emerging trends and new developments related to techno-economic analysis and microgrids,as well as the application of HOMER software,are predicted based on the analysis of citation bursts.Furthermore,the opportunities of hybrid energy systems for sustainable development are discussed,and challenges and possible solutions are proposed.The study of this paper provides researchers with a comprehensive understanding and intuitive representation of standalone solar-wind hybrid energy systems.

Investigating Load Regulation Characteristics of a Wind-PV-Coal Storage Multi-Power Generation System

There is a growing need to explore the potential of coal-fired power plants(CFPPs)to enhance the utilization rate of wind power(wind)and photovoltaic power(PV)in the green energy field.This study developed a load regulation model for a multi-power generation system comprising wind,PV,and coal energy storage using realworld data.The power supply process was divided into eight fundamental load regulation scenarios,elucidating the influence of each scenario on load regulation.Within the framework of the multi-power generation system with the wind(50 MW)and PV(50 MW)alongside a CFPP(330 MW),a lithium-iron phosphate energy storage system(LIPBESS)was integrated to improve the system’s load regulation flexibility.The energy storage operation strategy was formulated based on the charging and discharging priority of the LIPBESS for each basic scenario and the charging and discharging load calculation method of LIPBESS auxiliary regulation.Through optimization using the particle swarm algorithm,the optimal capacity of LIPBESS was determined to be within the 5.24-4.88 MWh range.From an economic perspective,the LIPBESS operating with CFPP as the regulating power source was 49.1% lower in capacity compared to the renewable energy-based storage mode.

Optimal Scheduling Strategy of Source-Load-Storage Based onWind Power Absorption Benefit

In recent years,the proportion of installed wind power in the three north regions where wind power bases are concentrated is increasing,but the peak regulation capacity of the power grid in the three north regions of China is limited,resulting in insufficient local wind power consumption capacity.Therefore,this paper proposes a two-layer optimal scheduling strategy based on wind power consumption benefits to improve the power grid’s wind power consumption capacity.The objective of the uppermodel is tominimize the peak-valley difference of the systemload,which ismainly to optimize the system load by using the demand response resources,and to reduce the peak-valley difference of the system load to improve the peak load regulation capacity of the grid.The lower scheduling model is aimed at maximizing the system operation benefit,and the scheduling model is selected based on the rolling schedulingmethod.The load-side schedulingmodel needs to reallocate the absorbed wind power according to the response speed,absorption benefit,and curtailment penalty cost of the two DR dispatching resources.Finally,the measured data of a power grid are simulated by MATLAB,and the results show that:the proposed strategy can improve the power grid’s wind power consumption capacity and get a large wind power consumption benefit.

基于能值分析和多目标决策法的CCHP-PV-Wind系统综合性能评估研究

为充分利用丰富的新能源,满足用户多样化能源的需求,可采用含新能源的系统实现冷热电联供。当新能源作为电源或辅助冷热源时,可减少环境压力,但多种能源形式会导致不确定性、能源利用率低且成本升高,需要新的方法对含新能源的冷热电联供(CCHP-PV-Wind)系统的优劣进行评估。提出采用基于模糊层次分析(Fuzzy-Analytic Hierarchy Process,Fuzzy-AHP)和反熵权法(Anti-Entropy Weights,AEW)的多目标决策法(Multi-objective decision-making,MODM),建立指标体系并计算权重。同时引入能值指标来描述系统的可持续发展水平,并利用Copula理论中的Kendall秩相关系数(Kendall’t)处理CCHP和CCHP-PV-Wind系统相关性问题。最后,选取我国西部某城市建筑为研究对象,结合能值理论对CCHP和CCHP-PV-Wind两种系统进行综合评估与分析,研究结果可以为我国新能源的综合利用提供一定参考。

Design, Thermodynamic Performance Comparison and Cost Analysis of Photovoltaic (PV), Concentrated Solar Power (CSP), Wind Turbine, Natural Gas Combined Cycle (NGCC), and Integrated Solar Combined Cycle (ISCC) Power Plants

This paper evaluates and discusses ways to use five energy resources more efficiently for generating electric power. An analysis of five different 10 MW powerplants was made: a photovoltaic system, a concentrated solar power system, wind turbines, a natural gas combined cycle and an integrated solar combined cycle. Also, each power plant’s operating principle, thermodynamic analysis, economic analysis, and simulation evaluation were made using the System Advisor Model (SAM), Engineering Equation Solver (EES), and the Thermoflow Power Plant Simulation program. From the analysis, the power plant capacity factor, grid availability, levelized cost of electricity, and annual energy production are compared and analyzed to determine a suitable power plant for a given location.

Establishment of Output Models and Constraints Analysis for Independent Wind/PV/Storage System

In remote areas far from the grid, wind/PV/storage generating system is relatively a good choice, whatever in resource configuration, performance or prices. For the independent hybrid power system, the output models of wind turbines, photovoltaic arrays and batteries are built in this paper, and based on the objectives of the capacity configuration optimal model, constraints used in the process of capacity configuration are analyzed. These provide convenient conditions and theoretical basis for the optimal capacity configuration of independent wind/PV/storage system.

Investigation on Grid Connections of Wind Power and PV Power in China

In order to fully comprehend the developing status of wind power and photovoltaic (PV) power generation, a special investigation on the integration of wind power and PV power was launched by the agencies of the State Electricity Regulatory Commission (SERC) throughout China during July-October 2010. This report is completed based on the investigation along with routine supervisory and management programs. There are totally 573 wind power projects and 94 PV power projects involved. Existing problems in these projects are pointed out and proposals for regulation are put forward.

Implementation of FPGA Based Hybrid Power Generator for PV and Wind Grid Applications

This paper deals with implementation of Sinusoidal Pulse-Width-Modulation (SPWM) for a single-phase hybrid power filter generator for Photovoltaic (PV) and wind grid applications. Using policy iteration algorithm, an improved variable step-size perturbation and observation algorithm is contrived and it is implemented proficiently using a hard-ware description language (VHDL) (Very High Speed Integrated Circuit Hardware Description Language). Subsequently, the new generated grid source supplements the existing grid power in rural houses during its cut off or restricted supply period. The software is used for generating SPWM modulation integrated with a solar-power & wind power grid system which is implemented on the Spartan 3 FPGA. The proposed algorithm performs as a conventional controller in terms of tracking speed and mitigating fluctuation output power in steady state operation which is shown in the experimental results with a commercial PV array and HPW (Height Weight Proportional) show. Simulation results demonstrate the validity with load of the proposed algorithm.

Study on Co-siting of Wind Farm and PV Station

After years of booming growth on renewable energy, the untapped land suitable for the wind farm becomes increasingly scarce in China. In order to make full use of the land, it became a realistic practice to construct wind farm together with PV station in those areas where both the wind resource and solar resource are rich. In this paper, based on the analysis of spatial distribution characteristics of wind and solar resources, the factors influencing on the layout of wind turbine and PV array and the interaction between wind turbine and PV array, a proposal for co-siting design wind farm and PV station is discussed.

An overview of the policies and models of integrated development for solar and wind power generation in China

Under the goal of “Carbon Emission Peak and Carbon Neutralization”, the integrated development between various industries and renewable energy(photovoltaic, wind power) is of great significance in China. This paper summarizes the relevant policies, integration schemes and typical cases of the integrated development between renewable energy and other industries. First, the development status of wind and solar generation in China is introduced. Second, we summarize the relevant policies issued by the National Development and Reform Commission, National Energy Administration and other departments to promote the integrated development in photovoltaic and wind power generation in China. Third, eight kinds of photovoltaic three-dimensional development models are described, including “photovoltaic + agriculture, industry, environmental protection, transportation, architecture, communication, hydrogen and ecology”. Fourth, eight kinds of wind power threedimensional development models are summarized, including “Offshore wind power + marine ranch, marine energy, marine tourism, marine oil and gas, hydrogen, communication, Energy Island” and “Onshore wind power+ courtyard”. In the future, the promotion and application of the above integrated development projects will be accelerated. This overview aims to provide reference for the design in photovoltaic and wind energy systems and help potential investors to make decisions.

Temperature Control in a PV-WIND Medical Herb Dryer System

This paper introduces a temperature control technique for a medical herb dryer system. The technique fixes the drying temperature of the medical herbs at 40℃ even in cases of rapidly changing atmospheric conditions. The control of the dryer temperature is achieved through using on/off controller. The designed dryer contains two systems, which are the thermal and electrical systems. The thermal system is designed to heat the drying air by using solar water collector and electric heater. While, the electrical system which contains a photovoltaic (PV)-WIND hybrid system is used to feed the different electrical loads of the dryer system. The control technique is investigated through simulation work by using MATLAB-SIMULINK. The simulation results indicate the high capability of the proposed technique in controlling the drying temperature, even in case of rapidly changing atmospheric conditions.

均匀流场下平单轴光伏支架扭转气动失稳特征试验研究

由于发电量明显高于固定式光伏系统,平单轴光伏发电系统近些年得到了广泛的应用。平单轴光伏支架由于扭转刚度较低,在大风天气下容易出现扭转气动失稳现象,从而造成支架结构破坏。为了进一步深入了解该振动的发生条件和机理,本研究通过节段模型测振风洞试验研究结构自振频率、倾角、阻尼等参数对扭转气动失稳的影响,分析了气动阻尼和气动刚度随着风速和倾角的变化规律。研究表明,平单轴光伏支架的扭转气动失稳表现出较强的气动耦合效应,气动阻尼和气动刚度是影响平单轴光伏支架气动失稳的重要参数,对风速和倾角的变化较为敏感,该失稳现象具备自激振动的特点;扭转刚度的提高在某些倾角下可以有效地限制振幅,同时可提高结构在各倾角的临界风速;扭转气动失稳的倾角范围为-15°~20°,0°倾角附近临界风速较高,若采用小倾角进行保护时,建议将大风保护角度设为0°。

基于SPEA2的风光柴储独立微电网多目标容量优化配置

在电力资源相对匮乏而自然风光资源丰富的孤岛等地区,电力供应的稳定性和成本效益一直是个亟待解决的问题。传统的独立微电网在容量配置时,大多依赖快速非支配排序遗传算法(NSGA-Ⅱ),该算法在处理真实负载的多目标优化问题时,局部搜索能力略显不足。为此,提出了利用改进强度Pareto进化算法(SPEA2)优化风光柴储独立微电网容量配置,以经济性成本、失负荷概率、碳排放作为优化目标,实现更加全面和高效的容量配置。通过导入某孤岛天气与负荷数据,生成风光柴储独立微电网的真实Pareto前沿,将SPEA2和基于指标选择的多目标搜索(IBEA)、NSGA-Ⅱ3种算法分析结果进行对比,相较于NSGA-Ⅱ,SPEA2的反世代距离评价IGD指标提升46.83%,空间评价方法Spacing指标提升60.28%,真实Pareto覆盖率CPF指标提升35.14%,该算法表现出更加出色的性能。最后根据容量优化的结果合理配置各部分参数,共同出力满足负荷需求,为孤岛等电力资源匮乏地区的能源管理提供了新的思路,也为多能源微电网的优化设计提供了有价值的参考。

风光对水电调峰能力的影响初探:基于调峰幅度的角度

水风光互补是当前能源行业的研究潮流和方向,但风光出力的不稳定性和不可控性势必会影响水电站调峰能力的发挥。本研究旨在从调峰幅度角度为水电调峰能力评估及风光并入后对其的影响量化提供一种参考思路。首先提出了周期调节幅度、最大时段调节幅度、时段累计调节幅度以及水电站综合调峰幅度4个指标来评估水电站调峰状况,其次构建了水风光互补运行模型,并通过有无风光工况下4个指标的变化率来量化风光对水电调峰幅度的影响。通过某电网调峰梯级水电及其周边风光资源的多场景模拟计算得出,相比无风光场景,风电和光伏对单个指标的影响趋势不同,但无论是风电还是光伏,接入系统后,梯级水电都须发挥更大的综合调峰幅度才能调节消纳风光。结果表明,风光接入会给水电调峰带来不利影响,并且该影响具有累积效应。

多重不确定性下水风光多能互补长期优化调度方法

如何应对水风光多重不确定性及其导致的高维优化求解难题是流域水风光多能互补长期调度面临的关键挑战。为此,提出基于马尔科夫链和Copula函数的水风光联合场景生成方法,并通过同步回代缩减法进行场景削减,量化表征水风光多重不确定性;以此为输入,构建流域水风光多能互补长期两阶段随机优化调度模型,并通过Benders分解算法和凸化线性化建模技术实现高维非线性优化问题的高效求解。最后以金沙江下游清洁能源基地为研究对象进行了仿真验证。通过对比分析,证明了所提方法能够有效提升长期调度方案对水风光不确定环境的适应性,提高了多能互补综合效益。在样本外检验中,所提方法比传统方法的发电量增加了0.552亿kWh,弃水量减少了1.694亿m~3,表现得更具可靠性。

风电和光伏发电功率联合预测与预调度框架

随着多区域互联电力系统的发展,风电、光伏等新能源发电大规模并网,风电-光伏功率的联合预测和协调调度是必然趋势和迫切需求。为此,从风电-光伏发电的时空相关性分析出发,对风电-光伏功率时空耦合、风电光伏联合预测建模、风电光伏联合预测模型参数优化、考虑风电-光伏联合预测的电力系统预调度等方面进行了分析讨论。首先,研究揭示风电-光伏功率在时间-空间上的交互影响机理,提出面向多时间尺度的风电-光伏功率时间互补性分析方法,建立风电-光伏发电空间相关性量化模型,构建基于多阶图卷积神经网络风电-光伏发电时空耦合模型;基于此,研究提出了融合异构图神经网络的风电-光伏联合预测方法,建立了风电-光伏联合预测模型参数优化模型,构建了新能源有功功率预测误差矢量评价体系,为风电-光伏联合发电系统的协调调度和控制提供决策支撑;在风电-光伏联合发电预测的基础上,采用风电、光伏发电时间互补、空间互济的思路探讨了风电-光伏联合的电力系统预调度策略和方法,对不同时间尺度风电-光伏的协调调度策略进行了剖析,建立了电网-区域-集群-场站空间递阶的风电-光伏联合发电系统分层调度框架。最后,展望了未来风电-光伏联合预测与预调度方面应研究的方向。

中国近海风光同场用海方式下海上光伏发电的开发潜力分析

2024年4月,国家主管部门下发首个国家级海上光伏发电用海政策,明确了支持核电温排水区、盐田盐池、围海养殖区、海上风光同场4类光伏发电用海方式。基于近海风光同场这一用海方式,首先分析了海上光伏发电的成本与经济性,然后在对近海风能和太阳能资源的互补性进行分析的基础上,对在近海已建风电场同场开发桩基固定式海上光伏发电项目的可行性和开发潜力进行了探讨,并给出了相关建议。研究结果表明:1)近海海上光伏发电因具有紧邻电力负荷中心、建设周期短、经济性好等优势,发展潜力巨大。2)中国近海的风能和太阳能资源丰富,从年数据和日数据来看,二者均具有较好的互补性,特别是风电可以在电力系统晚高峰时段发挥重要的支撑作用。3)在风光同场的实际工程开发建设时,应综合考虑风电机组塔筒阴影遮挡和风电机组倒塔距离的双重影响。4)经过估算,以江苏省、山东省海域为例,与已建海上风电场同场建设海上光伏发电项目时,可用于海上光伏发电建设的面积约占该海上风电场外缘边线包络海域面积的45%~48%;浙江省以北海域近海,与已建海上风电场同场的桩基固定式海上光伏发电的潜在可开发总装机容量约为11520万kW,开发潜力巨大。开展风光同场研究有利于海洋空间多维度利用,拓展海上新能源开发建设的新路径,并可有效解决中国中东部地区光伏用地稀缺的问题。

基于流固耦合的单轴跟踪式光伏结构风致扭转研究

以某跟踪式光伏发电系统为研究对象,通过编写自定义程序代码UDF对Fluent进行二次开发,建立单轴跟踪式光伏结构的二维模型,研究其在风荷载作用下的扭转振动问题。研究结果表明:风速达到某一特值后,结构出现等幅周期性振动,发生软颤振现象,而其阻尼比对抑制扭转振动有一定的作用,这同实际情况较吻合;光伏组件倾角在0°~20°范围内时,倾角越大,扭转振动的临界风速越低。

风光氢耦合系统的经济随机模型预测控制方法研究

针对风光氢耦合系统源荷两侧不确定性对系统运行造成的影响,提出一种基于经济随机模型预测控制的优化方法。根据风光氢耦合系统中设备的特性,建立计及设备启停的状态空间模型;利用场景生成技术对风光出力及电负荷预测数据进行处理,以生成描述系统不确定性的场景集;基于生成的场景集,在设计的经济随机模型预测控制框架下,构造系统的混合整数线性规划问题,进而对系统进行经济优化控制。由于经济随机模型预测控制方法需提供准确描述系统不确定性的场景集,为此提出一种基于非参数预测的场景生成机制。通过案例仿真分析,相较于常规随机模型预测控制方法,所提控制方法降低5.89%的运行成本;相较于常规模型预测控制方法,降低13.25%的运行成本,验证了所提方法能有效解决风光氢耦合系统的不确定性。

基于阻尼系数灵敏度的风光电网动态交互分析与稳定提升方法

风电、光伏与同步发电机(synchronous generator,SG)间动态交互,影响电力系统稳定性。基于阻尼系数灵敏度,研究了风光并网电力系统动态交互过程与稳定提升方法。首先,基于线性化表达验证了风光机组对SG暂态响应存在影响。其次,建立电力系统闭环传递函数模型,分析风光机组与SG间的动态交互过程。新定义风光机组向SG提供阻尼系数,以量化风光并网对电网振荡的影响。然后,提出阻尼系数对风光出力灵敏度的解析表达,作为内点法梯度信息,调整风光出力以改善电网稳定性。最后,仿真验证表明,调节风电(光伏)出力可提高光伏(风电)场站相关危险模式的阻尼,改善电网稳定性。以灵敏度作为梯度信息,可提高优化算法的计算效率与准确性,优化前后功角平均振幅分别为25.1589°、18.0165°。