Optimal Sizing of Solar/Wind Hybrid Off-Grid Microgrids Using an Enhanced Genetic Algorithm

This paper presents a method for optimal sizing of an off-grid hybrid microgrid (MG) system in order to achieve a certain load demand. The hybrid MG is made of a solar photovoltaic (PV) system, wind turbine (TW) and energy storage system (ESS). The reliability of the MG system is modeled based on the loss of power supply probability (SPSP). For optimization, an enhanced Genetic Algorithm (GA) is used to minimize the total cost of the system over a 20-year period, while satisfying some reliability and operation constraints. A case study addressing optimal sizing of an off-grid hybrid microgrid in Nigeria is discussed. The result is compared with results obtained from the Brute Force and standard GA methods.

Experimental Study on a Modified Wind-Solar Hybrid System

Wind-solar hybrid systems are employed extensively due to certain advantages. However, two problems exist in their application: the PV modules operate at high temperatures, particularly during summer, and low wind power cannot be utilized. To solve these two problems, a novel hybrid system is designed based on PV/thermal systems, in which PV modules are cooled with fans driven by a wind turbine. This paper studies the practicability of the novel hybrid system. First, the electrical performance of the wind turbine is compared using a fan and battery load,respectively. Second, different types and numbers of fans are tested to obtain the largest air volume. Third, the height of the air duct on the back of the PV module is optimized and the cooling effect is studied. Results show that a 24 V DC fan is more appropriate for the novel system than a 12 V DC fan, as it provides a greater air volume, and with a switch wind speed of 3.0 m/s the power of PV module shows a maximum increase of 8.0%.

Hybrid Power Generation by Using Solar and Wind Energy: Case Study

Energy is critical to the economic growth and social development of any country. Indigenous energy resources need to be developed to the optimum level to minimize dependence on imported fuels, subject to resolving economic, environmental and social constraints. This led to an increase in research and development as well as investments in the renewable energy industry in search of ways to meet the energy demand and to reduce the dependency on fossil fuels. Wind and solar energy are becoming popular owing to the abundance, availability and ease of harnessing the energy for electrical power generation. This paper focuses on an integrated hybrid renewable energy system consisting of wind and solar energies. Many parts of Libya have the potential for the development of economic power generation, so maps locations were used to identify where both wind and solar potentials are high. The focal point of this paper is to describe and evaluate a wind-solar hybrid power generation system for a selected location. Grid-tied power generation systems make use of solar PV or wind turbines to produce electricity and supply the load by connecting to the grid. In this study, the HOMER (Hybrid Optimization Model for Electric Renewable) computer modeling software was used to model the power system, its physical behavior and its life cycle cost. Computer modeling software was used to model the power system, its physical behavior and its life cycle cost. The hybrid power system was designed for a building at the University of Al-Marj (MARJU). Through the use of simulations, the installation of ten 100-kW wind turbines and 150-KW solar PV was evaluated.

Wind-Solar Hybrid Electrical Power Production to Support National Grid: Case Study - Jordan

The paper presents the next generation of power energy systems using solar- and wind-energy systems for the country of Jordan. Presently with the oil prices are on the rise, the cost of electrical power production is very high. The opportunity of a large wind and solar hybrid power production is being explored. Sights are chosen to produce electricity using the wind in the Mountains in Northern Jordan and the sun in the Eastern Desert. It is found that the cost of windmill farm to produce 100 - 150 MW is US$290 million while solar power station to produce 100 MW costs US$560 million. The electrical power costs US$0.02/kWh for the wind power and US$0.077 for the solar power. The feasibility for using wind and solar energies is now when the price oil reaches US$ 100.00 per barrel. The paper also discusses different power electronics circuits and control methods to link the renewable energy to the national grid. This paper also looks at some of the modern power electronics converters and electrical generators, which have improved significantly solar and wind energy technologies.

Modeling and Simulation of a Hybrid Energy Storage System for Residential Grid-Tied Solar Microgrid Systems

Present-day power conversion and conditioning systems focus on transferring energy from a single type of power source into a single type of load or energy storage system (ESS). While these systems can be optimized within their specific topology (e.g. MPPT for solar applications and BMS for batteries), the topologies are not easily adapted to accept a wide range of power flow operating conditions. With a hybrid approach to energy storage and power flow, a system can be designed to operate at its most advantageous point, given the operating conditions. Based on the load demand, the system can select the optimal power source and ESS. This paper will investigate the feasibility of combining two types of power sources (main utility grid and photovoltaics (PV)) along with two types of ESS (ultra-capacitors and batteries). The simulation results will show the impact of a hybrid ESS on a grid-tied residential microgrid system performance under various operating scenarios.

Design of a Hybrid Wind-Solar Energy System for an Agro-industrial Residential Area in Bota-Limbe, Cameroon

This paper proposes the most feasible technical and environmentally friendly hybrid power system configuration;a stand-alone hybrid wind-solar energy system with battery storage for a residential area of an Agro-industrial Company, Cameroon Development Cooperation (CDC), with headquarters in Bota-Limbe, south west region, Cameroon. The power network of the CDC Bota-Limbe Camp amongst other camps, which accommodates plantation workers, is plagued with challenges such as reliance on grid power which is unreliable, poor power quality which endangers home appliances and a spider webbed transmission system that poses as a threat to the lives of plantation workers. This paper addresses those concerns by designing a modular hybrid solar-wind renewable energy system for the camp. Limbe is a coastal area with proven existence of wind and solar resources. It is expected that the proposed system, if adopted and well implemented, will provide huge opportunities for the CDC in several other locations in Cameroon where there is adequate supply of renewable energy resources.

Feasibility of Hybrid Wind and Solar Energy System for Heating Residential Buildings in Amman-Jordan

A design of a solar-wind electrical hybrid system to supply space heating requirements for a 1,200 m^2 residential building in Amman-Jordan was implemented. The building heating requirements were estimated from existing heating building data based on traditional heating design already adopted by engineering firms in Jordan. The traditional heating load was transferred into electrical load to be supplied by hybrid system. The hybrid system consists of a 75 kW vertical axis windmill and 140 solar modules. Because of the high cost of land in residential buildings, the hybrid system is to be installed on the building roof. The hybrid system and the conventional systems＇ cost were found to be compatible in four years period when oil prices reach $100 per barrel. As the international price of oil rises above $100 per barrel, the proposed hybrid system becomes more economical than the already existing hot water heating system.

Study Optimization of a Hybrid Solar-Wind System from an Individual in Ouagadougou

This work is a contribution to the study of hybrid systems for converting solar and wind energy into electricity in Burkina Faso. The approach consists of evaluating and analyzing the production of a wind turbine and a solar field in order to optimize the production of all the technologies. The results obtained made it possible to evaluate the operating performance of the installation and to show the complementarity between the two energy sources with regard to temporary and seasonal variations in resources. During nighttime periods or periods of low sunlight, the wind turbine is a good alternative to energy storage by batteries, the output of the wind turbine can be up to 853.76 W. It was also a question of proposing solutions for optimizing the hybrid system through the automation of the hybrid charge regulator. A minimum height of 30 m above the ground has been chosen as the optimum height for the wind turbine.

Complementarity Maps of Wind and Solar Energy Resources for Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil

If two or more renewable energy sources are available in the same region, their complementary can be advantageous in a hybrid power system. Three indices are defined in this work for assessing the complementarity of solar and wind resources for energy production. Based on existing data of solar radiation and wind speed, these complementarity indices were calculated and represented in the form of maps for the state of Rio Grande do Sul, in southern Brazil. The results found suggest that there are some areas of the state where the use of hybrid wind-solar power systems could be more effective than single photovoltaic or wind systems.

Feasibility Analysis of Constructing Solar Power Plant by Combining Large Scale Wind Farm

Hybrid utilization of renewable energy is one of effective method which can solve the problem that unstable of renewable energy so as not to substitute traditional fossil energy. As the typical renewable energy, solar energy and wind energy are in the van of renewable energy utilization. With the large scale utilization of solar and wind energy in the world, constructing large scale solar power plant in the large scale wind farm can make the most of ground resource combining the wind energy with solar energy. Feasibility of constructing large scale solar power plant in the large scale wind farm was analyzed in this paper, and come to a conclusion that constructing large scale solar power plant in the large scale wind farm can not also achieved the goal of mutual support of resource advantages and economizing money but also improved significantly the seasonal mismatch by combining solar with wind.

Hybrid PV/Wind/Diesel Based Distributed Generation for an Off-Grid Rural Village in Afghanistan

Afghanistan has a tremendous resource potential of renewable energy especially solar and the wind. Therefore, utilization of these resources has a special rule for the remote areas where access to the electrical grid or secure power supply is a dream for most of the people. This paper presents a feasibility and usefulness of hybrid power generation based on PV/wind/diesel generator for an off-grid rural village that feeds the load at a rate of average 7.9 kWh/day with 1.32 kW peak load. GsT （geospatial toolkit） is used to obtain the solar and wind data of the site. Windographer software is used to analyze the wind resource data of the site. HOMER Pro software package is used to select the suitable and reliable hybrid generation system and calculate the optimal capacities and costs of the components. Through the study, it is found that this state of the art adaptation could provide vast opportunities for off-grid rural communities such as in Afghanistan where enough high penetration of renewable energy is available.

Optimal Design of Grid-Connected Microgrid System for Cold Chain Logistics Centre in China

The growing interest in energy conservation has inspired companies to seek alternatives to highly polluting fuel electricity generation. This study designed an optimised solar wind power generation system to fulfil the energy requirement of a cold chain logistics centre. This study first conducted a thorough analysis of the clarity indicators and daily temperature positions of the cold chain logistics centre, determined the average daily electricity demand, and proposed an effective design scheme. The energy simulation software, RETScreen 8.0, was used to determine the scale of solar photovoltaic and wind power projects that meet the expected energy needs of the cold chain logistics centre. The results indicated that the estimated annual total energy demand was 833689.2 kWh. The annual power generation of 6 kW from solar photovoltaic projects and 150 kW from wind power projects was found to be enough to meet the expected electricity demand. Solar photovoltaic power generation and wind power generation account for 2.44% and 97.56%, respectively. The hybrid energy system achieved a 96.6% reduction in carbon emissions and provides a reasonable payback period of 6.1 years and an electricity generation of 904368.674 kWh per year. The feasibility of the project and the calculated period of investment return are very reasonable. Therefore, this hybrid renewable energy system provides reliable power by combining energy sources.

NB/T 11554—2024要点解读及水风光储多能互补标准化工作回顾

本文追溯了“十三五”时期关于多能互补综合能源的开发模式、工程示范以及针对电源端多能互补系统的分类和指导意见,根据“十四五”时期关于两大水风光综合基地的规划,全国主要流域可再生能源一体化规划工作的初步成果,以及对于试点流域规划实施启动、产业链配套工程提速等工作回顾,梳理了水风光储可再生能源综合开发工作历程及标准化工作需要解决的问题及必要性。在分析多能互补一体化标准现状及水风光储标准立项需求的基础上,对最新发布的《水风光储可再生能源综合开发项目技术规范》进行规划、设计、运行和管理全生命周期各阶段要点解析,提出了该规范对于水风光储标准化工作的开创性和指导性。

离网型风光发电联合制氢系统的协调运行策略与容量配置优化

离网型风光发电制氢是降低风光发电对电网冲击、促进可再生能源消纳的重要手段,然而风光资源的波动性也对制氢系统高效稳定运行带来了负面影响。为提高离网型风光制氢系统运行稳定性,结合风力/光伏发电、碱性电解槽(alkaline electrolyzer,AE)和储能设备,提出电解槽模式分配与储能日前规划的协调制氢策略,并在计及单位制氢成本与弃风弃光率的基础上,采用改进的非支配排序遗传算法(non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm II,NSGA-II)进行容量配置优化。结合案例分析表明,与单一电解槽分配策略相比,协同策略的单位制氢成本和弃风弃光率分别降低了11.9%和55.6%。同时该策略有效平抑了电解槽的频繁波动,启停次数降低了44.3%,实现了风光制氢系统的高效运行。研究成果将为开发高效可再生制氢系统提供有益参考。

双向无线电能传输系统在V2G中的控制策略研究

为弥补电动汽车与电网间能量单向流动不足,提高电动汽车充放电的灵活性与新能源发电的就地消纳能力,提出1种含电动汽车双向无线电能传输的直流微网拓扑结构,研究了将车载电池作为移动储能设备的控制方法。以风光互补发电系统与混合储能为基础,针对双向无线电能传输系统提出基于功率的控制方法,可保证电动汽车作为负荷吸收电能,又可当作储能单位发出电能。为保证系统稳定运行,进一步设计了微网上层中心控制器。Simulink仿真结果表明:电动汽车与电网的能量交互提高了电网运行稳定性,双向无线电能传输可提升电动汽车充放电效果,在一定程度上促进了新能源发电的就地消纳,验证了所提拓扑的有效性与控制策略的优越性。

风光消纳对梯级水库群运行水位的影响

水风光多能互补系统大多聚焦协同调度和提高新能源消纳研究,却忽略了风光能源消纳对水库水位的潜在影响。构建了考虑短期弃电特征的水风光互补系统中长期优化调度模型。首先,根据实际水风光出力模拟可能的弃电情景,拟合弃电损失函数,将其嵌套在中长期优化调度模型中;其次,模拟接入风光前后的水库调度运行过程;最后,分析风光消纳对梯级水库群年际、年内、月运行水位的影响。以黄河上游龙羊峡至刘家峡梯级水电站水风光互补系统为实例,研究表明:①接入风光后,梯级水库群的年均出力降低约0.5%,可促进风光消纳,保证系统总出力更大,可提高风光上网出力和系统总出力约2.2%;②风光消纳导致梯级水库群的年际和月水位波动增加,龙羊峡和刘家峡水库的年末消落水位和年均水位的波动范围分别增加2.5%、101.6%、0.8%和78.9%,龙羊峡的月水位波动变幅为0,刘家峡月水位下限降低14.7%;③在丰水年,接入风光后梯级水库水位显著下降;平水年,龙羊峡水库水位稍有降低,刘家峡水库的水位表现为汛前春季水位降低,汛后秋季水位升高;枯水年,风光消纳对水库水位几乎没有影响。这些研究结果对于更好地理解风光能源与水库运行之间的复杂关系以及优化水风光互补系统的运行策略具有重要的实际意义。

微电网的氢-氨混合储能系统容量优化配置研究

随着我国分布式可再生能源装机规模的爆发式增长,对微电网高渗透率可再生能源消纳的需求逐渐提高。为了提高微电网的风光消纳能力,构建含氢氨混合储能系统(hydrogen-ammonia hybrid energy storage system,hydrogen-ammonia HESS)的微电网结构,提出氢氨混合储能系统的容量优化模型,以微电网的综合成本最小为目标函数,以风电消纳率为重要指标,并对氢氨混合储能系统的容量优化模型进行求解。通过算例分析,验证所构建的含氢氨混合储能系统的微电网在经济性和风电消纳两方面,均比仅含氢储能系统或氨储能系统的微电网更加有效。

基于Hybrid2仿真的风光柴蓄复合发电系统设计与分析

由于传统能源的日益枯竭,风光互补发电已成为重要的研究方向。依据西藏地区气象数据和连队驻地用电情况,设计了风光柴蓄复合发电系统结构图,并利用Hybrid2软件对系统设计方案进行建模和仿真分析。根据仿真结果和经济性等因素,最终得到最优条件下光伏与风机系统设计数据。

工业园区微电网项目中风电与光伏发电的容量配置及推广策略研究

以工业园区微电网项目中的风电和光伏发电为研究对象,在考虑场址条件、资源情况和设备选型的情况下,分析了工业园区微电网项目中风电和光伏发电的容量配置方法,并根据经济性评价得到最优的风电和光伏发电容量配置方案;通过对包含中国4类风能资源区、4类太阳能资源区在内,处于不同地域且采用不同电价的15个典型城市的工业园区开发微电网项目进行经济性测算,以投资收益测算结果作为依据来评判此类项目中风电和光伏发电的投资价值,从而得到可执行的风电和光伏发电的推广策略。研究结果表明:1)小型风电机组的投资价值较差,只有在风能资源优且平段电价高的城市才适合应用;大型风电机组的投资价值较高,在园区不限高且安全距离足够的情况下,只有在风能资源差且平段电价低的城市才不适合应用;由于风能资源分布的不连续性,考虑工业园区微电网项目的风电投资时,仍需根据园区实际位置对其风能资源情况进行测算,以确定是否具备风电投资价值。2)光伏发电的盈利能力较好,投资价值较高,可以大力推广;但在太阳能资源较差或平段电价较低的城市,光伏发电不具备开发价值。研究结果可为未来工业园区的风电和光伏发电开发提供参考,并为新能源在工业园区的应用推广提供指导。

基于全生命周期管理的离网型风光储交流微电网的双层优化调度策略

以新能源为主体的微电网系统存在前期资本投入大、电网刚性不足等问题,特别是离网型微电网由于失去大电网的支撑,安全稳定运行面临更大的挑战。本文针对离网型交流微电网设计了双层调度策略,即经济最优化日前调度和日内稳定运行实时调度,在多时间尺度下灵活规划发电主体出力。首先,日前调度以微电网经济性运行为目标,利用全生命周期理论建立经济模型,计及储能电池荷电状态(state of charge,SOC)对寿命的影响;其次,日内实时调度以供电稳定性为目标,充分考虑预测误差给系统带来的可能性崩溃,利用储能PQ源实时修正VF源的功率偏差,改善储能VF源的健康状态;最后,通过算例仿真,得到满足微电网经济、稳定运行的综合优化调度方案,并验证了该策略的有效性和合理性。