通过交叉验证堆栈和VAD信息检测Windows代码注入

Windows 32/64位代码注入攻击是恶意软件常用的攻击技术,在内存取证领域,现存的代码注入攻击检测技术在验证完整性方面不能处理动态内容,并且在解析内存中数据结构方面无法兼容不同版本的Windows系统。因此提出了通过交叉验证进程堆栈和VAD信息定位注入代码方法,将基于遍历栈帧得到的函数返回地址、模块名等信息结合进程VAD结构来检测函数返回地址、匹配文件名以定位注入代码,并且研发了基于Volatility取证框架的Windows代码注入攻击检测插件codefind。测试结果表明,即使在VAD节点被恶意软件修改,方法仍能够有效定位Windows 32/64位注入代码攻击。

基于Windows Server Failover Cluster的Apache故障转移集群应用实践

在当前互联网时代,Web应用程序的高可用性和可靠性是确保业务持续运行的关键因素。针对Apache Web服务器,介绍了利用Windows Server 2019 Failover Cluster构建Apache故障转移集群的实践方案。通过配置两个节点的故障转移集群,当某个节点发生故障时,Apache服务将自动在另一个节点上重新启动,从而最大程度地减少系统中断的时间,提高Web应用的可用性。详细阐述了集群搭建的具体步骤、配置要点、集群验证方法以及运行时的监控与维护方法,为构建高可用Apache Web服务器提供一种实用的解决方案。

基于Windows/RTX的实时仿测软件设计

针对传统测试软件实时性有限、传统仿真接口软件通用性程度低的问题,为满足半实物仿真软件需兼顾单元测试和控制系统仿真验证的需求,设计了基于Windows/RTX的实时仿测软件。仿测软件采用模块化的设计原则,开发了GUI层人机交互界面和RTX层实时运行程序。为保证实时性,采用无锁循环缓冲区+双线程技术,解决了RTX环境下仿真步长为1 ms时串口数据收发的超时问题;提出一种超时检测算法监测仿真节点的实时状态。借助cJSON优化了测试用例配置文件,用户可以更灵活地编辑测试用例,利用RTW自动代码生成将弹体模型编译集成到RTX仿测软件工程。实验结果表明:该仿测软件有效兼顾了单测与仿真,提高了仿测软件的通用性和二次开发效率,降低了开发难度。

Bimetallic In_(2)O_(3)/Bi_(2)O_(3) Catalysts Enable Highly Selective CO_(2) Electroreduction to Formate within Ultra-Broad Potential Windows

CO_(2)electrochemical reduction reaction(CO_(2)RR)to formate is a hopeful pathway for reducing CO_(2)and producing high-value chemicals,which needs highly selective catalysts with ultra-broad potential windows to meet the industrial demands.Herein,the nanorod-like bimetallic ln_(2)O_(3)/Bi_(2)O_(3)catalysts were successfully synthesized by pyrolysis of bimetallic InBi-MOF precursors.The abundant oxygen vacancies generated from the lattice mismatch of Bi_(2)O_(3)and ln_(2)O_(3)reduced the activation energy of CO_(2)to*CO_(2)·^(-)and improved the selectivity of*CO_(2)·^(-)to formate simultaneously.Meanwhile,the carbon skeleton derived from the pyrolysis of organic framework of InBi-MOF provided a conductive network to accelerate the electrons transmission.The catalyst exhibited an ultra-broad applied potential window of 1200 mV(from-0.4 to-1.6 V vs RHE),relativistic high Faradaic efficiency of formate(99.92%)and satisfactory stability after 30 h.The in situ FT-IR experiment and DFT calculation verified that the abundant oxygen vacancies on the surface of catalysts can easily absorb CO_(2)molecules,and oxygen vacancy path is dominant pathway.This work provides a convenient method to construct high-performance bimetallic catalysts for the industrial application of CO_(2)RR.

Strong Interaction Between Redox Mediators and Defect-Rich Carbons Enabling Simultaneously Boosted Voltage Windows and Capacitance for Aqueous Supercapacitors

Energy density,the Achilles’heel of aqueous supercapacitors,is simultaneously determined by the voltage window and specific capacitance of the carbon materials,but the strategy of synchronously boosting them has rarely been reported.Herein,we demonstrate that the rational utilization of the interaction between redox mediators(RMs)and carbon electrode materials,especially those with rich intrinsic defects,contributes to extended potential windows and more stored charges concurrently.Using 4-hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidinyloxyl(4OH-TEMPO)and intrinsic defect-rich carbons as the RMs and electrode materials,respectively,the potential window and capacitance are increased by 67%and sixfold in a neutral electrolyte.Moreover,this strategy could also be applied to alkaline and acid electrolytes.The first-principle calculation and experimental results demonstrate that the strong interaction between 4OH-TEMPO and defectrich carbons plays a key role as preferential adsorbed RMs may largely prohibit the contact of free water molecules with the electrode materials to terminate the water splitting at elevated potentials.For the RMs offering weaker interaction with the electrode materials,the water splitting still proceeds with a thus sole increase of the stored charges.The results discovered in this work could provide an alternative solution to address the low energy density of aqueous supercapacitors.

AI-Driven Prioritization and Filtering of Windows Artifacts for Enhanced Digital Forensics

Digital forensics aims to uncover evidence of cybercrimes within compromised systems.These cybercrimes are often perpetrated through the deployment of malware,which inevitably leaves discernible traces within the compromised systems.Forensic analysts are tasked with extracting and subsequently analyzing data,termed as artifacts,from these systems to gather evidence.Therefore,forensic analysts must sift through extensive datasets to isolate pertinent evidence.However,manually identifying suspicious traces among numerous artifacts is time-consuming and labor-intensive.Previous studies addressed such inefficiencies by integrating artificial intelligence(AI)technologies into digital forensics.Despite the efforts in previous studies,artifacts were analyzed without considering the nature of the data within them and failed to prove their efficiency through specific evaluations.In this study,we propose a system to prioritize suspicious artifacts from compromised systems infected with malware to facilitate efficient digital forensics.Our system introduces a double-checking method that recognizes the nature of data within target artifacts and employs algorithms ideal for anomaly detection.The key ideas of this method are:(1)prioritize suspicious artifacts and filter remaining artifacts using autoencoder and(2)further prioritize suspicious artifacts and filter remaining artifacts using logarithmic entropy.Our evaluation demonstrates that our system can identify malicious artifacts with high accuracy and that its double-checking method is more efficient than alternative approaches.Our system can significantly reduce the time required for forensic analysis and serve as a reference for future studies.

Vehicle routing optimization algorithm based on time windows and dynamic demand

To provide the supplier with the minimizum vehicle travel distance in the distribution process of goods in three situations of new customer demand,customer cancellation service,and change of customer delivery address,based on the ideas of pre-optimization and real-time optimization,a two-stage planning model of dynamic demand based vehicle routing problem with time windows was established.At the pre-optimization stage,an improved genetic algorithm was used to obtain the pre-optimized distribution route,a large-scale neighborhood search method was integrated into the mutation operation to improve the local optimization performance of the genetic algorithm,and a variety of operators were introduced to expand the search space of neighborhood solutions;At the real-time optimization stage,a periodic optimization strategy was adopted to transform a complex dynamic problem into several static problems,and four neighborhood search operators were used to quickly adjust the route.Two different scale examples were designed for experiments.It is proved that the algorithm can plan the better route,and adjust the distribution route in time under the real-time constraints.Therefore,the proposed algorithm can provide theoretical guidance for suppliers to solve the dynamic demand based vehicle routing problem.

A perspective on the use of perovskite luminophores for solar windows

Perovskite(PRV)luminescent solar concentrators(LSCs)use PRV materials to concentrate and convert sunlight into electricity.LSCs are made up of a flat plate or sheet of glass or plastic that contains a layer of luminescent PRV material.When sunlight enters the LSC,the PRV material absorbs the light and emits it at a longer wavelength.This emitted light is then trapped inside the LSC by total internal reflection,and it travels to the edges of the plate where it is collected by photovoltaic(PV)solar cells(SCs).The use of PRV materials in LSCs offers several advantages over other materials.PRV materials are highly efficient at converting light into electricity.They are also flexible,low-cost,and easy to manufacture,making them a promising candidate for large-scale solar energy applications.However,PRV materials have some challenges preventing their adoption.They are sensitive to moisture or heat and can degrade quickly over time.This significantly limits their lifespan and stability.Research on PRV is mostly focused on making them more stable and durable,but finding ways to improve the manufacturing process to reduce costs and increase efficiency is also relevant.While the opportunities offered by PRV materials for the specific application to LCSs are certainly interesting,the challenges make the prospect of a commercial product very unlikely in the short term.

基于Windows和Linux操作系统基线核查及加固技术的研究和应用

文章对Windows和Linux操作系统基线核查加固技术进行研究。针对电力系统主机存在的安全缺陷,从主机信息、账户及口令、主机配置、服务及应用以及日志及审计等五个大类着手,给出自动化基线核查与加固工具的总体开发架构与模块设计,重点阐述2种操作系统基线安全与加固以及数据分析等核心功能的开发流程,经测试证明了该工具的可用性和健壮性。

Fine-Tuning Cyber Security Defenses: Evaluating Supervised Machine Learning Classifiers for Windows Malware Detection

Malware attacks on Windows machines pose significant cybersecurity threats,necessitating effective detection and prevention mechanisms.Supervised machine learning classifiers have emerged as promising tools for malware detection.However,there remains a need for comprehensive studies that compare the performance of different classifiers specifically for Windows malware detection.Addressing this gap can provide valuable insights for enhancing cybersecurity strategies.While numerous studies have explored malware detection using machine learning techniques,there is a lack of systematic comparison of supervised classifiers for Windows malware detection.Understanding the relative effectiveness of these classifiers can inform the selection of optimal detection methods and improve overall security measures.This study aims to bridge the research gap by conducting a comparative analysis of supervised machine learning classifiers for detecting malware on Windows systems.The objectives include Investigating the performance of various classifiers,such as Gaussian Naïve Bayes,K Nearest Neighbors(KNN),Stochastic Gradient Descent Classifier(SGDC),and Decision Tree,in detecting Windows malware.Evaluating the accuracy,efficiency,and suitability of each classifier for real-world malware detection scenarios.Identifying the strengths and limitations of different classifiers to provide insights for cybersecurity practitioners and researchers.Offering recommendations for selecting the most effective classifier for Windows malware detection based on empirical evidence.The study employs a structured methodology consisting of several phases:exploratory data analysis,data preprocessing,model training,and evaluation.Exploratory data analysis involves understanding the dataset’s characteristics and identifying preprocessing requirements.Data preprocessing includes cleaning,feature encoding,dimensionality reduction,and optimization to prepare the data for training.Model training utilizes various supervised classifiers,and their performance is evaluated using metrics such as accuracy,precision,recall,and F1 score.The study’s outcomes comprise a comparative analysis of supervised machine learning classifiers for Windows malware detection.Results reveal the effectiveness and efficiency of each classifier in detecting different types of malware.Additionally,insights into their strengths and limitations provide practical guidance for enhancing cybersecurity defenses.Overall,this research contributes to advancing malware detection techniques and bolstering the security posture of Windows systems against evolving cyber threats.

快速拓展Windows实时性!史上最小的PLC运动控制器发布

为了解决Windows系统下可视化界面友好、软件开发容易、兼容性好,但无法实现实时性控制;其它带有实时控制功能的系统存在软件平台搭建困难、开发难度高、兼容性差等问题。立迈胜研发了一种NIMC301-A微型运动控制器,可以做到开箱即用,极大地增加了用户的易用性。其自带CANopen主站,具备PLC控制功能,也可为WindoWs平台提供实时性拓展,而体积仅相当于“U盘”大小!

畅玩3A、能装Windows和Linux!国产处理器KX-7000测评来了

近日,有第三方媒体发布了关于兆芯KX-7000的评测视频,认为KX-7000不仅是目前桌面端最强的国产处理器之一,对于普通用户来说,也是最易上手的一款国产CPU。KX-7000是兆芯最新一代的国产X86处理器,部分海外网站媒体(如PC Watch)对其进行了性能测试并发布了结果。测试内容围绕KX-7000的架构、性能及主流应用方面进行了测试,在介绍了兆芯x86架构来源及特点的同时,展现了KX-7000在Spec2006、视频编解码、3A游戏、主流办公等应用下的数据与体验。具体如下。

远隔缺血后适应治疗对急性缺血性卒中超时间窗患者临床预后的影响:一项随机对照试验

背景急性缺血性卒中(AIS)高发,及时恢复脑血流是治疗的关键,超时间窗就诊患者无更多促进脑血流恢复的治疗手段。研究远隔缺血后适应(RIPostC)治疗对AIS超时间窗就诊患者的临床疗效、并发症和预后,具有重要的临床意义。目的探究RIPostC治疗对AIS超时间窗患者干预的影响,为超时间窗就诊的AIS患者寻求安全、有效的脑血流恢复治疗方式。方法本研究采用随机、分组、安慰剂对照法进行试验。选取2021-09-02—2022-08-31于北京航天总医院神经内科病房住院治疗的超溶栓时间窗(发病时间>6 h)的AIS患者为研究对象。依据随机数字表法将患者分为对照组和试验组。试验期+随访期共90 d,均使用同等的一般治疗、脑血管病常规治疗,试验组在此基础上给予RIPostC治疗14 d(28次),对照组给予模拟的RIPostC治疗14 d(28次)。在干预前和干预后30 d、干预后90 d,采用改良Rankin量表(mRS)、美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表(NIHSS)评估两组患者神经功能,简易精神状态检查量表(MMSE)、蒙特利尔认知评估量表(MoCA)评估患者认知功能,工具性日常生活能力量表(IADL)评估日常生活能力,焦虑自评量表(SAS)、抑郁自评量表(SDS)评估精神状态,经颅多普勒超声(TCD)评估脑血流速度,以白介素(IL)-6反映炎症情况。结果122例患者中,最终完成试验及随访99例,其中试验组49例,对照组50例。两组患者性别、年龄、基础疾病(高血压、糖尿病、冠心病)及基线NIHSS评分比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。重复测量方差分析结果示,时间与组别对MMSE、MoCA、mRS、NIHSS、脑血流速度、IL-6存在交互作用(P<0.05),时间和组别对MMSE、MoCA、NIHSS、脑血流速度、IL-6主效应显著(P<0.05),时间对mRS、SAS、SDS、IADL主效应显著(P<0.05)。试验组干预后30、90 d MMSE、MoCA评分及脑血流速度均高于对照组,mRS、NIHSS评分均低于对照组(P<0.05);试验组干预后30、90 d SDS、IADL评分低于对照组(P<0.05);试验组干预后30 d SAS评分高于对照组,IL-6低于对照组(P<0.05)。99例患者中共有23例患者发生不良反应,其中试验组17例,对照组6例,两组皮肤瘀点、头晕、心慌、胸闷发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);对照组患者皮肤瘀斑发生率[4.00%(2/50)与12.24%(6/49)]、总不良反应发生率[12.00%(6/50)与34.69%(17/49)]低于试验组(P<0.05)。结论RIPostC治疗可降低AIS患者的炎症反应,对神经功能、认知功能抑郁情绪及颅内血流速度可起到积极的改善效果。

带时间窗约束的逆向物流路径优化研究

目的研究退货逆向物流的路径优化,以降低企业成本,促进退货逆向物流的发展。方法聚焦于退货逆向物流的路径优化,充分考虑了运输成本和时间窗违规的惩罚因素,构建了一个旨在最小化回收成本的车辆路径优化模型。为了克服平衡优化器(Equilibrium Optimizer,EO)算法容易陷入局部最优的限制,将其与变量邻域下降法结合起来加以改进,并将改进后的EO算法与模拟退火(Simulated Annealing,SA)算法进行比较分析,同时也将原来的EO算法与变量邻域下降法进行比较分析。结果优化后的EO算法相比于SA算法配送时间减少8.82%,总成本减少4.63%;相比于优化前的EO算法配送时间减少1.40%,总成本减少3.55%。结论改进后的EO算法在求解车辆路径优化模型上有更好的适应性和收敛性,可以有效减少成本,缩短路径和时间。

基于Windows CE的数控系统中断控制

比较了几种数控系统的开发平台,指出Windows CE是开发开放式数控系统的一个较理想的选择;讨论了怎样设计驱动程序去完成基于Windows CE的数控系统的中断控制;以数控系统实时插补为例,介绍了IPC5387定时器卡中断驱动程序的开发技术。

中文Windows环境下的海上溢油预报系统

本文以辽东湾为示范海区，建立了中文Ｗｉｎｄｏｗｓ环境下的海上溢油预报系统。采用已经验证的环境动力和溢油行为模型，可提供海面油膜的位置和覆盖面积、水体中油的浓度分布以及溢油的比重、粘度、蒸发量、残留量、平均厚度等物化参数的实时预报信息，或用于溢油的环境风险评价。系统界面友好、输入方便、操作简单、反应快捷、后处理功能完备，并具有可扩充性。

基于Windows平台的仿真支撑系统的研究

对可运行于Windows平台的仿真支撑系统进行了研究，并加以了具体地实现。针对微机系统的特点，采用了客户/服务器方式，对大型网络实时数据库进行了精心设计，实现了利用微机群构成大型仿真系统，对模型的编写、编译、连接、调试、运行和结果分析等全过程提供支持，并将指导员台、就地操作、工程师站等功能有机地进行了集成。同时，作为一个开放的系统，还提供了应用程序编程接口，为用户的进一步开发提供了方便。在多个仿真系统的实际使用表明，本研究成果为基于Windows平台的仿真系统的开发、运行和研究提供了良好的基础。

基于Windows NT与实时扩展的开放式数控系统的研究

为了提高数控系统的开放性和运行效率,提出一种基于Windows NT及实时扩展的开放式数控系统架构及其实现方法。在该架构中,实时性弱的任务在通用PC中运行,而实时性强的运动控制任务则分布在伺服驱动器中完成。通用PC和伺服驱动器之间用现场总线进行通讯。系统软件采用模块化设计,各模块之间的通信被抽象和统一为接口,使系统软件具有良好的开放性和可扩展性。

Windows NT的实时性研究

研究了WindowsNT在中断处理、线程调度、虚存管理、I/O系统等各方面有利于实时处理的核心机制,并通过实验测量了NT的中断响应时间,中断丢失率等一系列性能指标,证明了NT是一个优秀的弱实时系统平台,最后介绍了NT在HRP系列快速成型机软件数控上的应用。

Windows平台上实现多媒体信息实时捕获的几种主要技术研究

针对实时视频捕获,讲述了在Windows环境下利用VideoforWindows库函数和DirectShow技术实现实时视频采集的关键技术,给出了软件实现视频流捕获的结构流程和相应的编程示例。