The water content and nutrient in soil are two main determine factors to crop yield and quality, managements of which in field are of great importance to maintain sustainable high yield. The objective of this study wa...The water content and nutrient in soil are two main determine factors to crop yield and quality, managements of which in field are of great importance to maintain sustainable high yield. The objective of this study was to measure the uptake, forms, and use efficiency of phosphorus (P) in wheat under four levels of irrigation (W0, W1, W2, and W3) and three levels of P application (P0, P1, and P2) through two growth seasons of wheat (2008-2010). The field experiment was carried out in a low level of soil P concentration and the eultivar was Jimai 20. The results indicated that P fertilizer combined with irrigation not only improved the activity of phosphatase in soil, but also increased P accumulation in wheat, similar results was found in the grain of wheat, the content of total P increased significantly. Meanwhile, the mainly existence forms of P in grain were the lecithoid-P and labile organic-P. On the other hand, in comparison to the irrigation, the dry matter and grain P production efficiency and postponing P application of wheat increased with increasing Papplication rates within the range of 0-180 kg P2O5 ha-1. The interaction between P and irrigation also significantly (P〈0.01) affected on the P accumulation, grain total P, grain phospholipid P, and P production efficiency. In this study, therefore, the P applications and irrigation improved grain P production efficiency and postponing P application of winter wheat, and W2P2 treatment (180 kg P2O5 ha-1 combination with 120 mm irrigation) had a high P accumulation and P use efficiency, it was an optimum level for P fertilizer application and irrigation in this region.展开更多
在高肥条件下,研究了不同水氮组合对强筋小麦品种济麦20籽粒产量、蛋白质含量、蛋白质组分和籽粒品质的影响。结果表明影响小麦籽粒品质的主导因素是灌水。相同施氮水平下,各灌水处理的籽粒蛋白质含量、单体蛋白含量均显著低于不灌水处...在高肥条件下,研究了不同水氮组合对强筋小麦品种济麦20籽粒产量、蛋白质含量、蛋白质组分和籽粒品质的影响。结果表明影响小麦籽粒品质的主导因素是灌水。相同施氮水平下,各灌水处理的籽粒蛋白质含量、单体蛋白含量均显著低于不灌水处理,但不同灌水处理间无显著差异。随灌水次数增加,不溶性谷蛋白(高分子量谷蛋白)含量呈下降趋势,可溶性谷蛋白(低分子量谷蛋白)含量呈上升趋势,谷蛋白聚合指数(不溶性谷蛋白含量/谷蛋白总量)降低,粉质仪参数(面团稳定时间和形成时间)也相应降低,表明灌水次数增加导致籽粒品质变劣的主要原因是不溶性谷蛋白积累减少。施氮168 kg/hm2条件下,氮肥拔节期全量追施处理的籽粒产量不降低,而其籽粒品质显著优于分次施肥处理(50%基施、50%拔节期追施),且与240 kg N/hm2分次施用处理差异不显著。因此,在高产水平下,氮肥全量追施可作为兼顾籽粒产量和品质的推荐运筹模式。展开更多
基金financial supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(30900876 and 31101127)the Key Technology R&D Program of China(2012BAD14B17)+1 种基金the Special Research Funding for Public Benefit Industries (Agriculture) of China(201103001)the Major Innovation Project for Applied Technology of Shandong Province,China
文摘The water content and nutrient in soil are two main determine factors to crop yield and quality, managements of which in field are of great importance to maintain sustainable high yield. The objective of this study was to measure the uptake, forms, and use efficiency of phosphorus (P) in wheat under four levels of irrigation (W0, W1, W2, and W3) and three levels of P application (P0, P1, and P2) through two growth seasons of wheat (2008-2010). The field experiment was carried out in a low level of soil P concentration and the eultivar was Jimai 20. The results indicated that P fertilizer combined with irrigation not only improved the activity of phosphatase in soil, but also increased P accumulation in wheat, similar results was found in the grain of wheat, the content of total P increased significantly. Meanwhile, the mainly existence forms of P in grain were the lecithoid-P and labile organic-P. On the other hand, in comparison to the irrigation, the dry matter and grain P production efficiency and postponing P application of wheat increased with increasing Papplication rates within the range of 0-180 kg P2O5 ha-1. The interaction between P and irrigation also significantly (P〈0.01) affected on the P accumulation, grain total P, grain phospholipid P, and P production efficiency. In this study, therefore, the P applications and irrigation improved grain P production efficiency and postponing P application of winter wheat, and W2P2 treatment (180 kg P2O5 ha-1 combination with 120 mm irrigation) had a high P accumulation and P use efficiency, it was an optimum level for P fertilizer application and irrigation in this region.
文摘在高肥条件下,研究了不同水氮组合对强筋小麦品种济麦20籽粒产量、蛋白质含量、蛋白质组分和籽粒品质的影响。结果表明影响小麦籽粒品质的主导因素是灌水。相同施氮水平下,各灌水处理的籽粒蛋白质含量、单体蛋白含量均显著低于不灌水处理,但不同灌水处理间无显著差异。随灌水次数增加,不溶性谷蛋白(高分子量谷蛋白)含量呈下降趋势,可溶性谷蛋白(低分子量谷蛋白)含量呈上升趋势,谷蛋白聚合指数(不溶性谷蛋白含量/谷蛋白总量)降低,粉质仪参数(面团稳定时间和形成时间)也相应降低,表明灌水次数增加导致籽粒品质变劣的主要原因是不溶性谷蛋白积累减少。施氮168 kg/hm2条件下,氮肥拔节期全量追施处理的籽粒产量不降低,而其籽粒品质显著优于分次施肥处理(50%基施、50%拔节期追施),且与240 kg N/hm2分次施用处理差异不显著。因此,在高产水平下,氮肥全量追施可作为兼顾籽粒产量和品质的推荐运筹模式。