Background.Higher levels of cardiorespiratory fitness(CRF)and greater amounts of physical activity have been associated with lower intraindividual variability(IIV)in executive function in children and older adults.In ...Background.Higher levels of cardiorespiratory fitness(CRF)and greater amounts of physical activity have been associated with lower intraindividual variability(IIV)in executive function in children and older adults.In the present study,we examined whether CRF,measured as maximal oxygen uptake(VO2max),and daily volume of moderate-to-vigorous intensity physical activity(MVPA)were associated with IIV of reaction time during performance of the incongruent condition of the Stroop task in younger adults.Further,we examined whether the thickness of the cingulate cortex was associated with regulating variability in reaction time performance in the context of CRF or physical activity.Methods:CRF(measured as VO2max),accelerometry-measured MVPA,Stroop performance,and thickness of the rostral anterior cingulate cortex(rACC)derived from magnetic resonance imaging data were collected in 48 younger adults(age=24.58±4.95 years,mean±SD).Multiple regression was used to test associations between IIV during the Stroop task and CRF,MVPA,and rACC thickness.Mediation was tested using maximum likelihood estimation with bootstrapping.Results:Consistent with our predictions,higher VO2max was associated with greater rACC thickness for the right hemisphere and greater daily amounts of MVPA were associated with greater rACC thickness for both the left and right hemispheres.Greater thickness of the right rACC was associated with lower IIV for the incongruent condition of the Stroop task.CRF and MVPA were not directly associated with IIV.However,we did find that IIV and both CRF and MVPA were indirectly associated via the thickness of the right rACC.Conclusion:These results indicate that higher CRF and greater daily volume of MVPA may be associated with lower IIV during the Stroop task via structural integrity of the rACC.Randomized controlled trials of MVPA would provide crucial information about the causal relations between these variables.展开更多
个体内临床试验(within person trial)是一种高效的随机对照试验研究设计,广泛应用于口腔医学、皮肤病学和眼科学领域。然而,由于存在一系列特有方法学难点,个体内临床试验的设计、实施与报告往往需要研究人员具备更多方法学知识、进行...个体内临床试验(within person trial)是一种高效的随机对照试验研究设计,广泛应用于口腔医学、皮肤病学和眼科学领域。然而,由于存在一系列特有方法学难点,个体内临床试验的设计、实施与报告往往需要研究人员具备更多方法学知识、进行更全面的考量。为规范和提高这类临床试验的报告质量,BMJ近期发表了临床试验报告统一标准:个体内临床试验扩展声明(CONSORT for Within Person Trials)。本文旨在对CONSORT for WPT进行解读,以促进其在国内研究人员中的理解与应用。展开更多
基金supported by funding to KIE from the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (http://www. niddk.nih.gov/Pages/default.aspx), grant number R01 DK095172supported by the National Institute of Mental Health (https://www.nimh.nih.gov/index.shtml), grant T32 MH109986supported by CAPES-Coordenagao de Aperfeigoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior (http://www.capes.gov.br/), Finance Code 001
文摘Background.Higher levels of cardiorespiratory fitness(CRF)and greater amounts of physical activity have been associated with lower intraindividual variability(IIV)in executive function in children and older adults.In the present study,we examined whether CRF,measured as maximal oxygen uptake(VO2max),and daily volume of moderate-to-vigorous intensity physical activity(MVPA)were associated with IIV of reaction time during performance of the incongruent condition of the Stroop task in younger adults.Further,we examined whether the thickness of the cingulate cortex was associated with regulating variability in reaction time performance in the context of CRF or physical activity.Methods:CRF(measured as VO2max),accelerometry-measured MVPA,Stroop performance,and thickness of the rostral anterior cingulate cortex(rACC)derived from magnetic resonance imaging data were collected in 48 younger adults(age=24.58±4.95 years,mean±SD).Multiple regression was used to test associations between IIV during the Stroop task and CRF,MVPA,and rACC thickness.Mediation was tested using maximum likelihood estimation with bootstrapping.Results:Consistent with our predictions,higher VO2max was associated with greater rACC thickness for the right hemisphere and greater daily amounts of MVPA were associated with greater rACC thickness for both the left and right hemispheres.Greater thickness of the right rACC was associated with lower IIV for the incongruent condition of the Stroop task.CRF and MVPA were not directly associated with IIV.However,we did find that IIV and both CRF and MVPA were indirectly associated via the thickness of the right rACC.Conclusion:These results indicate that higher CRF and greater daily volume of MVPA may be associated with lower IIV during the Stroop task via structural integrity of the rACC.Randomized controlled trials of MVPA would provide crucial information about the causal relations between these variables.
文摘个体内临床试验(within person trial)是一种高效的随机对照试验研究设计,广泛应用于口腔医学、皮肤病学和眼科学领域。然而,由于存在一系列特有方法学难点,个体内临床试验的设计、实施与报告往往需要研究人员具备更多方法学知识、进行更全面的考量。为规范和提高这类临床试验的报告质量,BMJ近期发表了临床试验报告统一标准:个体内临床试验扩展声明(CONSORT for Within Person Trials)。本文旨在对CONSORT for WPT进行解读,以促进其在国内研究人员中的理解与应用。
