Study on the Factors to Influence Dynamic Heat - moisture Comfort of Summer Clothing Fabrics

In this paper, the factors to influence the dynamic heat - moisture comfort of summer clothing fabrics have been studied. It is pointed out that, when the wind speed outside is high, or the air permeability is very good, the sweat of human body will evaporate mainly through turbulent diffusion. Because of the rapid sweat evaporation, human body will feel cold, and then, the difference in temperature and humidity of the micro - climatic section will be very slight. On the contrary, when the wind speed outside is slow or the air permeability is unsatisfactory, the sweat of human body will evaporate mainly through molecular diffusion, and in this case, the humidity of the micro - climatic section will be depended on the hygroscopicity of the fabric, that’ s to say, the better the hygroscopicity, the lower the humidity. It is difficult for pure wool fabric to loss heat because of its giving out much heat during the course of moisture - absorption in the initial stages of sweating. For pure polyester fabric,

Smart Clothing Fabric Color Matching with Reference to Popular Colors

Color economy and market fashion trend have an increasing impact on clothing fabric color matching.Therefore,a smart clothing fabric color matching system with reference to popular colors is designed to realize the diversification of clothing color matching,which includes a palette generation module and a clothing fabrics-palette color matching network(CF-PCN).Firstly,palette generation module generates palettes referring popular colors while maintains color styles of clothing fabrics.Secondly,CF-PCN generates color matching images containing color information of palettes.The experimental results show that the color matching system has a higher average pixel ratio of palette colors and contains more palette color information.It demonstrates that the system achieves color matching innovation referring popular colors while retaining color style of clothing brands and provides designers with appropriate color matching solutions.

Clothing Manufacturers Need to Focus on Novel Fabric Trends

Garment manufacturers give utmost importance on quality of fabrics, cuts and design as they make a fashion statement. Manufacturers adjust their production cycles as per fashion oriented changes.

Fabrication of micro-honeycomb ceramics by cloth fabric pore-forming

Micro-honeycomb ceramics were successfully fabricated through brush-coating with cloth fabric as pore-forming agent. The influence of pore-forming agent and slurry’s moisture content on the micro-honeycomb ceramics was investigated. The results indicated that micro-honeycomb ceramics made from pore-forming agent cloth fabric with fibre diameter of 100 μm and slurry with 45% （mass fraction） moisture content have the porosity of 65% （volume fraction）, bending strength of 24.3 MPa, pore size of about 100 μm, cell wall thickness of about 50 μm and porosity of 1131 pore/cm2. It was suggested that the pore size and the porosity could be adjusted using the pore-forming agent and moisture content of the slurry respectively.

Effect of Phase Change Materials on the Thermal Protective Performance of the Multi-layered Fabrics Examined by TPP Tester under Flash Fire

Cotton fabrics treated with phase change materials( PCMs)were used in multi-layered fabrics of the fire fighter protective clothing to study its effect on thermal protection. The thermal protective performance( TPP) of the multi-layered fabrics was measured by a TPP tester under flash fire. Results showed that the utilization of the PCM fabrics improved the thermal protective performance of the multi-layered fabrics. The fabric with a PCM add on of 41. 9% increased the thermal protection by 50. 6% and reduced the time to reach a second degree burn by 8. 4 s compared with the reference fabrics( without PCMs). The employment of the PCM fabrics also reduced the blackened areas on the inner layers. The PCM fabrics with higher PCM melting temperature could bring higher thermal protective performance.

Numerical Estimation of the Thermal Response of Thermal Protective Clothing-Air Gap-Human Skin Micro-system

Thermal protective clothing has been recognized as the primary shielding against emergency fire hazard and inflammable gas leakage. Therefore,the thermal response of human covered with thermal protective clothing under high temperature is the key work to investigate the thermal insulation of thermal protective clothing. A coupling model composed of thermal protective clothing,air gap and human skin is established and the temperature of the micro-system is numerically solved via the finite element method( FEM).Especially,the heat transfer of air gap located between clothing and human skin considering conduction and radiation is established while the human skin layers involve the effect of blood perfusion. Then the effect of thermophysical properties( thermal conductivity and volumetric capacity) of fabric and thickness of fabric and air on the thermal response of the micro-system is elucidated and compared.The results indicate that the volumetric heat capacity of fabric is the key parameter to affect the thermal shielding performance of thermal protective clothing,and the thicker fabric thickness and air gap thickness can improve the thermal protective properties of the micro-system.

Research on New Testing Method and Instrument of Clothing Pressure

This paper discusses the formation of the fabric clothingpressure,the efforts of the human body and the impor-tance of the clothing pressure measurement.Several as-pects such as setting up the scientific and simple measur-ing method of the clothing pressure,the designing andmaking the measuring instruments are emphasized.Bymeans of experimental testing and analysis,some usefulresults can be derived from these works.

Modeling Thermal Protective Performance of Multilayer Fabrics for Firefighters

This paper is to report a prediction model for thermal protective performance of multilayer fabrics based on Matlab neural network toolbox. Then a back propagation (BP) neural network model is developed to predict thermal protective performance of multilayer fabrics for firefighters. The network consists of twelve input nodes, six hidden nodes, and one output node. The inputs are weight, thickness, density of warp and weft, limited oxygen index (LOI), and heat conductivity of each-layer fabric. Thermal protective performance (TPP) rating of multilayer fabrics is the output. In this paper, the data from the experiments are used as learning information for the neural network to develop a reliable prediction model. Finnally the model performance is verified, and the proposed model can be applied to predict the thermal protective performance of multilayer fabrics for firefighters.

Use of the Appropriate Fabric for Cloth Face Mask: A Necessity in the Fight against COVID-19

The outbreak of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has created a global health crisis that has had a deep impact on the way we perceive our world and our everyday lives. The call for the wearing of face masks as one of the ways of curbing the disease has resulted in the proliferation of cloth face masks on our markets. In the desperation to cash in on the season and make money at all costs, some manufacturers use inferior fabrics to produce face masks. Some of these fabrics do not meet the basic performance requirements of cloth face masks. This study was therefore carried out to research into the appropriate fabrics that will be suitable for the production of cloth face masks in terms of comfort, breathability and protection. To do this, 1225 participants were conveniently drawn for the study. The main research instrument employed for the study was the survey approach in which well-structured questionnaires were administered to solicit information from the participants. To determine the reliability and validity of data, the Cronbach’s Alpha test was conducted. Data were analyzed using the Stata statistical software to perform a multinomial logistic regression to estimate Odds Ratios (ORs) with 95% CIs. A multinomial logit model was constructed to determine the nominal variables. A major finding of the study was that people’s choice of fabric for cloth face masks is determined to a larger extent by their professions. The study also revealed that cotton, silk and linen possess good properties for the production of cloth face masks. Based on the findings, the study concludes that cloth face masks made from two-layered fabrics or three-layered fabrics are the best in terms of comfort and full protection of the wearer. It is recommended that the outer layer should be made from cotton and the inner layer made from linen, cotton-polyester blend or silk.

Authentication of Age of Blood Stains on Blooded Cotton Fabric

Blood stains on the fabric often appear at the scene of the crime. The age determination of blood stains can provide important information to speculate the time of crime. The relationship between the age of blood and the bending rigidity of blooded cotton fabric washed was investigated experimentally via the use of FAST-2 bending tester. The bending length of blooded fabric washed at different time was measured and the bending rigidity was calculated.The relationship between the age of blood and the bending rigidity after washing was obtained through curve fitting. The result shows that the bending rigidity of blooded fabric washed is various with the increase of the age of blood stains and this relationship can be used to speculate the age of blood stains. This method provides a new perspective for determining the bloodstain age.

基于直方图均衡化的毛织物服装印花缺陷检测

为了保证毛织物印花服装的生产质量,提出基于直方图均衡化的毛织物服装印花缺陷检测方法。设置毛织物服装印花不同缺陷特征作为检测标准,利用光学成像原理采集毛织物服装印花图像,通过颜色转换、图像滤波等步骤,实现初始印花图像的预处理;利用直方图均衡化技术提取服装印花图像特征,通过特征匹配确定缺陷状态与类型,实现毛织物服装印花缺陷的检测。测试结果表明,优化设计方法得出缺陷面积检测误差的平均值为0.09 mm^(2),缺陷类型检测错误率较低。

光致变色纺织品设计及其在服饰产品中的应用

以光致变色纺织品为研究对象,从光致变色纺织品的图案色彩设计、色彩搭配原则、材料与工艺选择等方面开展设计研究,探讨光致变色纺织面料在服装配饰等时尚领域的应用,并进行变色测试与色牢度测试实验,结果表明,光致变色纺织品对紫外光响应灵敏,变色性能与色牢度俱佳,在服装配饰等时尚产业具有应用价值与发展前景。

基于人体臂部的连续动态服装压力预测模型及准确性表征方法

通过建立人体臂部与弹性压力臂套的三维有限元模型,对弹性压力臂套的穿套过程及人体肘关节着装后屈曲的2种工况进行数值模拟,计算得到人体臂部软组织外表面及弹性压力臂套随时间变化的等效应力;基于此数据建立线性回归模型,选取均方根误差作为线性回归模型表征指标,以用于表征织物基传感器测试的准确性。最后对模型进行应用,在有限元模型中选取臂部肘关节外侧屈曲点处,提取此处随时间变化的应力曲线,基于曲线上的特征点建立线性回归模型;选取2种柔性传感器,将其缝制在与模型屈曲点处同样的位置,测试匀速屈肘时的电信号数据,并通过力电耦合模型将电信号转换为应力值。选取均方根误差(RMSE)作为表征线性回归模型的指标,对2种传感器测试数据进行分析,结果显示其中一款传感器的测试值的回归效果与真实值的差距较小,可以认为此传感器运用于肘部弯曲测试准确度更高,效果更好。

面料的减量处理在服装设计中的运用研究

面料的减量处理是面料再造的形式之一,是在原有面料的基础上做减量处理,如破坏工艺、镂空工艺等,形成富有层次和创意的新形式。作为一种创新型装饰技法,面料减量处理不仅在中西方服装史中占据重要位置,在科技不断发展的今天,还是设计师作为表达设计创意的重要手段之一。通过面料减量处理进行服装设计,不仅能展示新材料与新方法,还能使服装设计更具个性化,进而深受年轻人喜爱。文章通过介绍面料减量处理的基本原理分析其在服装设计中的应用,为相关设计师提供参考依据。

长跑运动状态下新型服装面料吸湿速干性能综合评价模型构建

由于长跑运动员对服装有着较高要求,为选取吸湿速干性能较好的服装面料,对15种服装面料展开了单项性能测试。性能测试指标共有5种,根据测试结果,在模糊综合评判法的基础上建立服装面料吸湿速干性能综合评价模型,并按照结果从高到低的顺序排列。适合长跑运动员吸湿速干要求的服装面料评价结果为:针织类服装面料最优秀的是单向导湿网格,机制类最优秀的是吸湿排汗纱线。

智能可穿戴监测服装性能评价模型的研究进展

为促进可穿戴智能服装评价标准形成进而促进可穿戴智能服装产业化发展,系统介绍人体-织物数理模型及人体与织物间动态压力数值模拟的评价模型。基于弹性力学理论,探究静止状态下拉普拉斯数理模型的研究进展;介绍织物结构对接触压力的影响及织物结构的数值模拟,并进一步探究着装过程、运动状态下人体-织物间连续动态压力的数值模拟情况,以及数值模拟法与计算机技术结合的现状。最后讨论现阶段可穿戴智能服装评价模型的应用,并提出使用数值模拟法进行多物理场耦合、模拟加速度运动用于提高可穿戴智能服装可靠性评价标准的发展展望。

织物-空气层-皮肤三维结构建模及其传热模拟

热防护服装是消防员面对火灾环境的重要屏障,为分析织物组织对其热防护能力的影响,构建了消防服外层阻燃织物的三维几何模型,并考虑实际着装状态建立“织物-空气层-皮肤”流固耦合传热模型。根据实验结果验证模型,并选取外界环境、织物组织结构及纱线导热系数进行参数研究,对比织物表面温度分布及真皮层热流密度、温度变化曲线。结果表明,该模型能较好地拟合实验结果,随着热暴露峰值温度的上升及纱线宽度的增大,纱线表面温度、真皮层热流密度、真皮层温度均上升。纱线的导热系数对真皮层温度影响较小。纱线宽度对真皮层温度的影响与热环境相关。有必要针对热暴露环境设计织物结构,在保障热防护性能的同时减小热防护服装质量,降低消防员热应激。

Fabricating a smart clothing system based on strain-sensing yarn and novel stitching technology for health monitoring

Various yarn-shaped flexible strain sensors have recently been developed.However,research is lacking on additive manufacturing for smart clothing for integrating yarn sensors with commercial garments.Herein,a strain-sensing yarn is sewn into a piece of fabric through a novel stitching technique,and the influence of the stitching method and needle pitch on the sensing performance is investigated using finite element analysis(FEA).The sensing performance could be improved when the sensing yarn is self-locked in the fabric at the needle eyes,and the needle pitch was reduced to 0.5 cm,which is attributed to the enhanced stress and strain concentration.Meanwhile,the composite sensing fabric featured outstanding performance,including a low detection limit(0.1%),rapid response(280 ms),excellent durability(10000 cycles),and high stability(negligible drift and frequency independence).In addition,the remarkable wear resistance,washability,and anti-interference to ambient humidity and perspiration were obtained.Therein,the optimal stitch trace lengths of sensing yarn for detecting elbow motion,breathing,and heartbeats are discussed.Finally,a smart clothing system composed of smart clothing,data acquisition unit,and mobile APP was developed to simultaneously detect human movement and physiological signals.This work provides a reference to produce intelligent garments based on yarn sensors for health monitoring.

服装通风机制及策略的研究进展

服装通风策略是改善人体热湿舒适性的重要技术手段。为不同高温作业服装提供有效的通风降温策略,文章介绍了服装通风效率的测评指标及相应的两种测量方法及其特点,回顾了织物通风模型、局部通风模型、动态通风模型、被动通风服模型及主动通风服模型的发展历程,从织物透气性、服装开口、内嵌通风设备三方面阐述了现有服装通风策略对于人体热散失的影响机制。基于此研究现状提出两点展望,即建立耦合人体热生理反应的动态三维服装通风模型,开发多种换热方式相耦合的主动通风服。

服装运动舒适性研究进展

人们生活水平不断提高的同时,体育运动也在飞速发展,群众对服装的运动功能提出了愈加迫切的希望和要求。以服装的运动舒适性为研究切入点,从服装运动舒适性的影响因素与评价方法方面展开综述。研究表明,不同面料的选择、服装施加的压力以及人体在运动过程中的动态特征,都会影响服装的运动舒适性,服装应根据运动特点进行选择。传统的服装舒适性评价多倾向于利用静态测试方法,忽略了动态层面下的人体舒适性。从人因工效学的角度探究服装与运动的交叉融合,推动运动服装领域的科学发展。