中国女子手球队底线射门技术精准化训练设计及效果研究

本文采用文献资料法、逻辑分析法、秩合比法等研究方法,对比分析第25届女子手球世锦赛前8强队伍和中国女子手球队的底线射门技术运用情况。结果显示:(1)中国女子手球队底线射门RSR值分别为0.500、0.494、0.478、0.344,属C级低水平。(2)针对中国女子手球队底线射门技术短板,聚焦“提高底线射门技术水平”,采用“目标分级原则”对训练目标进行三级分解;训练周期划分为4个阶段,每3周为1个训练阶段,每1周为1个训练单元;训练内容分为个人专项射门训练、阵地配合下底线射门训练、快攻反击下底线射门训练。(3)训练效果:底线射门多变性、对抗下射门能力、创造射门机会方面提高明显;底线射门动作改善、区域配合下射门技术运用、疲劳状态时射门能力、控制失误能力方面提高较大;底线专项射门技术和底线阵地射门技术与集训进度呈明显线性正相关趋势。

普通高校五人制手球进攻技术教学研究

五人制手球是一项快节奏、高技术的球类运动,近年来在普通高校得到了越来越多的关注。进攻技术是五人制手球比赛中最为重要的环节之一,掌握好进攻技术对于球队的胜负至关重要。因此,如何有效地教授五人制手球进攻技术成为普通高校体育教师和教练员们共同的关注点。

近3届全运会手球决赛中安徽女队攻防能力的比较研究

采用文献资料、数理统计、比较分析等方法,对参加第12届、13届、14届全运会手球决赛的安徽女队身体能力、进攻能力和防守能力等指标进行比较研究。结果表明:第12届全运会冠军安徽女队的身体能力、专项比赛能力和快速、准确的制胜因素等指标均强于第13届和第14届安徽女队。新一届全运会备战周期开始,年轻的安徽女队要认真学习前辈的“快速手球打法”,认真贯彻“1.5分新规”。提高球队的远距离得分能力,重建立体进攻战术体系。教练组要“不拘一格降人才”,大胆启用新人。

杭州第19届亚运会男子手球比赛射门技术运用特征与发展趋势研究

射门技术是现代手球比赛进攻制胜的关键因素,其运用特征影响着团队战术策略的实施效果。本文采用文献资料法、录像观察法、数理统计法等研究方法,选取5类17项射门技术运用情境的评价指标体系,通过Sports Code技战术视频分析软件,解析杭州第19届亚运会中国男子手球队及卡塔尔队、巴林队、科威特队、日本队前4强比赛的1 905个临场射门场景,对比归纳各队射门技术的运用特征,采用多元回归分析探究不同射门动作特征与比赛分数之间的关系及其对比赛成绩的影响。结果显示:亚洲高水平男子手球比赛中跳起射门(B=0.453,β=0.384)、近距离射门(B=0.281,β=0.302)、快攻射门(B=0.518,β=0.328)、内卫射门(B=-0.192,β=0.311)这4个指标与比赛成绩呈显著相关(P<0.05),且跳起射门、近距离射门、快攻射门3个指标对比赛成绩有显著正向预测作用。同时,本研究阐述了亚洲高水平男子手球比赛的射门技术呈现出“多情境、全融合、高成效”的发展趋势,期望能为增强中国男子手球运动的竞技理论自信、巩固中国男子手球队在亚洲的核心竞争力提供参考。

Fitness and health benefits of team handball training for young untrained women--A cross-disciplinary RCT on physiological adaptations and motivational aspects

Purpose: The present study evaluated the effects of regular participation in small-sided team handball training on body composition, osteogenic response, physical performance, and cardiovascular risk factors, as well as well-being and motivation, in young untrained women.Methods: Twenty-eight untrained 20- to 30-year-old women were randomized to a handball training group(HG; n = 14, height 170 ± 5 cm, weight 73 ± 11 kg, VO_(2peak) 37.7 ± 4.1 mL/min/kg) that trained 1.7 ± 0.3 times per week over 12 weeks(70 min 4 v 4 handball sessions) or an inactive control group(CG; n = 14, 169 ± 5 cm, 71 ± 12 kg, 38.1 ± 3.7 mL/min/kg). Physiological and psychological and motivational training adaptations were assessed pre-and post-intervention by dual-energy X-ray Absorptiometry(DXA) scans, blood sampling, physical tests, and questionnaires.Results: The average heart rate(HR) over all training sessions was equal to 85% ± 6% HR_(max). Between-group intervention effects were observed in favor of HG for muscle mass(2.1%, p = 0.024), proximal femur bone mineral density(0.8%, p = 0.041), Yo-Yo IE1 intermittent endurance test level 1(IE1) performance(35%, p < 0.001), and incremental treadmill test performance(11.5%, p = 0.003), but not total fat mass(p = 0.176),mean arterial blood pressure(p = 0.328), resting HR(p = 0.219), or blood lipids(p = 0.298—0.854). In CG, no changes were observed in any of the measured physiological variables after the training period. Compared to CG, HG had an increase in intrinsic motivation(p < 0.001) and in the well-being subscale "energy"(p = 0.010).Conclusion: Participation in regular recreational team handball training organized as small-sided games has marked beneficial effects on physical performance, musculoskeletal fitness, well-being, and motivation in untrained young women.

Integrative medicine:the guide line in women's reproductive health and the treatment of gynecological disease

Integrative medicine follows the principles in TCM that nature and human beings being correspondent with its holistic and dialectic views and explores the integrating point with theories and scientific data in modern medicine. During study on 16 gynecological diseases, the deficiency. In patients with pubertal uterine bleeding, ovulation is induced by acupuncture via decrease in central β-endorphin (β-EP) levels, which leads to the cure of anorexia nervosa by acupuncture via decrease in serum cortisol levels in early 1980s. These results in TCM lead to the idea that neuro-endocrine system is directly related to metabolic system which is also proved to be true in the treatment of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) with or without hyperinsulinemia by two formulas (Yu's Tonifying Ricipe and Tian Gui Recipe,TGR) respectively according to differential diagnosis in TCM. Ovulation resulted with decrease in obesity, acanthosis nigricans, serum androgen, insulin, leptin and hyperthalamic neuropeptide Y (NPY), proopiomalanocortin (POMC) levels based on scientific data from both patients and an animal modal. It suggests that metabolic network, and the incidence of obesity, hypertension, diabetes and cancers of the endometrium and breast may be reduced among patients with PCOS in their future life while these recipes being taken long period. For perimenopausal syndrome, formula Geng Nian Chun (GNC)without increase in serum estrogen levels. In aging rats, it was found that GNC increased the ER and ERmRNA expressions in the ovarian axis and the spleen accompanying with increase in central β-EP, serotonin (5-HT) and peripheral interlutin-2 (IL-2) levels in aging rats without changes of estrogen levels. These data may refer to the release of symptoms in women with postmenopausal syndome. It suggests that GNC up-regulates the fading of neuro-endocrine-immune network. Prevention, alleviation of osteoporosis, cardiovascular disease and Alzheimer disease may be expected in aging women with long period taking GNC.

Virtual academy of women's health

In this paper,we explored to develop a new concept of computer-and internet-based learning and training method in medicine,especially in obstetrics and gynecology,which is named as Virtual Academy of Women'Health(VA).Especially in the times of infectious disease pandemics worldwide,learning at home rather than in big lectures hall,might be necessary and practical as never before.The VA is based on worldwide knowledge in medicine—free accessible on the internet-in terms of homepages,video and audio platforms,scientific papers,medical books,and different guidelines.A collection of different video-clips in various fields of women's health can assist the student or doctor in understanding the symptoms,diagnostics,and treatment of various diseases.There are two major targets of it-one is online education,and one is testing the knowledge by simulation of clinical cases.

Correlations of Handgrip Strength with Selected Anthropometric Variables and Flexibility Measure in Indian Inter-university Handball Players

The purpose of this study was of two-fold： firstly to estimate the handgfip strength oflndian inter-university handball players and, secondly to search the correlations of it with selected anthropometric variables and flexibility measure. To serve this purpose, a total of eight anthropometric variables, such as height, weight, body mass index, upper arm length, forearm length, total arm length, hand length and hand breadth, flexibility measure such as, sit and reach test, and right and left handgrip strength were measured on purposely selected 150 Indian inter-university handball players aged 18-25 years collected from the inter-university competition held in Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, India during September, 2013. An adequate number of controls （n = 102） were also taken from the same place for comparisons. The results showed statistically significant between-group differences （P 〈 0.006-0.001） among the male and female handball players and controls in all the variables studied. Statistically significant positive correlations （P _〈 0.023-0.001） of both right and left handgrip strength were found with all the variables studied, except BMI, in Indian inter-university handball players. In conclusion, it may be stated that handgrip strength may be used as one of the indicating factors for physical strength as well as the flexibility measure of the handball players.

The Effect of Functional Training on the Performance of Female Handball Players’Shooting Skills

A randomized grouping experiment was conducted to study the effect of 8-week functional training on shooting performance of Beijing female handball players.According to the athletes’FMS(functional movement screening)scoring results,they were randomly divided into 2 groups.The experimental group adopted an 8-week functional training,aiming at strengthening their core strength,joint stability,and the power chain of shooting techniques.The control group adopted the traditional strength training mode.ANOVA(analysis of variance)was adopted to analyze the different performance of the athletes from two groups on their FMS scores,distances of throwing,and 7-meter shooting speed before and after the experiment.The results show that:(1)the total FMS scores of the experimental group athletes have been increased more significantly than those of the control group,and the injuries per capita has been significantly reduced;(2)the athletes in the experimental group have more significantly improved performance in handball throwing and 7-meter shooting speed than those in the control group.It shows that 8 weeks of functional training may effectively improve the physical function of Beijing female handball players and their performance in two special skills of handball throwing and shooting speed.

Women's Liberation during the Initial Stage of P. R. China: A Human Rights Perspective

The liberation of women is the historical process in which women have striven for gender equality, freedom from oppression, confinement and discrimination, and are becoming the masters of the society and their own destinies. According to the diversity in history and the state, the process can be divided into a serial of correlated phases, with each phase focusing on different issues. Sexism order in China had remained stable in the traditional society for centuries through a set of institutions. Women had believed in a sexual order and the rules of propriety, which advocated that men were superior to women. After the People’s Republic of China was founded in 1949, women’s rights in politics, economy, society, and even family were recognized and secured by the Constitution and laws just as men’s during a short period. Women’s liberation in China has made a significant progress.

A Cognitive Study on the Category Fruit——Taking under 35-year-old Women's Cognitions as Informants

This paper probes into the category fruit, aiming at revealing the categorization of fruit to find them prototype in under 35-year-old women's cognitions at present. And author uses related category theories, such as prototype category to analyze the outcome of the research. In addition, author also locates women who under 35 years old as this research's informants to find whether the prototype changed in their cognition or not. The method of research is questionnaires, and hands out the questionnaires by the Internet. And this research also uses SSPS to analyze the effective data.

The Development of Legal Protection of Women's Human Rights in China

The legal confirmation process of women’s human rights has been undergoing great difficulties both in the United Nations and among nations. The Fourth World Conference on Women plays a role in promoting the legal protection of women’s human rights. Currently, the protection of women’s human rights has undoubtedly become the consensus of both international and domestic law. International conventions on human rights have become an important launching area for promoting international law on women’s human rights, owing to its legal binding force and supervising mechanism established under it. Domestic law has also become the first line of defense for protecting women’s human rights. However, it needs to be pointed out that, for international conventions on human rights and domestic legislation, the cognition and acceptance of social gender conception has not only promoted changes on forms, but, more importantly, on revolution at substantial level.

Women's Rights in the Context of the Three-child Policy:Analyzing from the Constitutional Connotation of“the State Shall Protect the Mother”

Women's rights are essential human rights recognized by the international covenants on human rights and protected in the constitutions and laws of countries.In the context of implementing the three-child policy in China,women are facing pressures from childbearing and bringing up children as well as trying to have a career.It is clearly stipulated in Article 49 of China's Constitution"the mother is protected by the state,"the constitutional principle of equality of men and women shall be incorporated into the interpretation of this article,fully respecting women's subjectivity and equal rights and affirming the social benefits of childbearing and bringing up children.With the introduction of the three-child policy,the protection of women's rights shall focus on their reproductive rights,right to health,right to work and equal rights within the family.The system of women's rights is complex,relates to identity and must be open to the future.The state has the obligation to fully respect,actively promote and promote in a narrow sense the realization of women's rights.To better coordinate the implementation of the three-child policy and the protection of women's rights,we should introduce the concept of social gender equality,improve the system ofp ublic childcare services,home care leave and equal employment,and promote the implementation of relevant laws and policies with special attention being paid to women in rural areas and single mothers.

训练冲量和运动训练监控仪在女子手球运动员负荷监控中的应用

目的:应用训练冲量(TRIMP)和运动训练监控仪对手球运动员的训练负荷进行监控研究,旨在为赛后评价不同位置运动员的运动负荷和机能状态提供合理有效的方法。研究方法:广东省女子手球运动员7名(22.6±1.4岁),健将级别,在全运会备赛期间的教学赛和冲刺阶段的一次对抗赛中和赛后,对不同位置运动员进行跟踪测试,测试指标包括心率、乳酸、熵值、中枢疲劳、应激水平等。研究结果:(1)在教学赛中,指标变化的平均值为:心率169.4±8.16次/min,上场时间44.3±6.0min,TRIMP114.8±18.9,赛后乳酸4.43±1.53mmol/L;(2)对抗赛中运动员平均上场时间47.26±5.41min,TRIMP123.75±9.30,均高于教学赛平均值,个体TRIMP值最高的是右边锋,最低的是左边锋;(3)对抗赛中,A为正常状态,C为中度疲劳,其余均为轻度中枢疲劳,E的应激水平偏低,其余应激水平偏高;运动员熵值水平略低于教学赛平均值;(4)对抗赛中TRIMP值低的运动员,熵值稳定,应激水平(焦虑指数)、脑中枢疲劳状态处于正常范围;TRIMP值高的运动员,熵值会略高于教学赛平均水平,应激水平和脑中枢疲劳参数亦高于正常状态值。结论:(1)在不同训练阶段的教学赛和对抗赛中,通过对比分析不同位置手球运动员的TRIMP值和赛后运动员的中枢疲劳、应激水平、信息熵等指标的变化,可以判断运动员个体的运动负荷和赛后的疲劳程度。(2)TRIMP和高级运动训练仪都可以判断运动员训练负荷及疲劳程度,在比赛过程中联合使用,对于系统了解运动员个体的即时的身体机能状态,有效地减少过度疲劳的发生,将起到积极作用。

手球运动员前交叉韧带损伤研究进展

本文通过文献综述手球运动员前交叉韧带损伤发生率、损伤机制、危险因素以及损伤的预防与恢复等相关研究,发现手球运动员尤其是女性运动员膝关节前交叉韧带损伤发生率高,据此指出男女手球运动员前交叉韧带损伤的机制,即落地时着陆损伤、行进中侧切损伤。建议日常训练应开展神经肌肉训练预防损伤,损伤后在进行机体治疗的同时也需要进行心理恢复。

渐进性功能康复训练在高水平女子手球运动员前交叉韧带术后的应用研究

高水平运动员前交叉韧带重建术后功能锻炼是促进损伤运动员尽早恢复膝关节功能和重返运动赛场的关键。本研究将渐进性功能康复训练运用到高水平女子手球运动员的前交叉韧带重建的运动康复治疗中,通过干预训练增加了运动员损伤的下肢肌群本体感受,提高肌肉力量,进而为前交叉韧带重建术后的高水平女子手球运动员重返赛场提供了安全和有效的康复手段。

新时代我国手球运动赛事发展困境与对策

通过文献资料法和访谈法,对手球赛事的发展历程进行简要回顾,探寻制约其高质量发展的困境,分析产生根源。结果发现:赛事治理混乱、赛事体系单一、赛事服务低下以及多元供给主体缺失等是严重制约手球赛事发展的问题。为摆脱此困境,建议:(1)要制定手球赛事的长期和短期规划,明确手球赛事的发展目标;(2)要激活赛事市场,打造品牌赛事;(3)革新赛事模式,精准性服务赛事;(4)制定赛事评估体系,提升赛事管理能力。

新时代我国群众手球运动发展困境与对策

为了促进群众手球运动高质量发展,该文依托文献法和访谈法,针对群众手球运动的发展历程进行简要回顾,发现区域发展失衡、场地设施缺乏、人才梯队匮乏等困境阻碍了其高质量发展。基于此,该文提出群众手球运动需要依托政策和法规激发群众参与度,提升人口增量;借助社会力量参与赛事的组织和管理,提升赛事产业的发展;借助体教融合理念,加速人才梯队的建设和培养;借助新媒体加速手球运动的科普和教学,加大赛事的宣传和推广,使国民充分认识手球运动并积极参与其中,促进群众手球运动高质量发展,最终夯实全面健身计划,有效推进体育强国建设。

国外手球运动员投掷能力的训练经验与启示

随着现代竞技对手球运动员技战术要求的不断提高,投掷能力日渐成为制约运动员发展的重要因素,个性化、科学化的投掷能力训练对运动员投掷力量、速度、准确度等能力具有显著的积极影响,还可以有效避免运动员训练受伤,保证竞技状态。本文通过文献资料分析法研究得知,国外对提升手球运动员投掷能力的系统训练有:以抗阻训练为主的基础训练;根据专门性原则,在抗阻训练基础上,进行的渐进负荷专项训练;最后,以周期性、非线性特点,统筹安排训练方式。基于此,建议:吸收、优化、整合国外先进训练模式、理念,并结合我国实际进行相应的理论创新和实践探索。

我国手球运动训练理念的沿革

采用问卷调查、专家访谈、观察等研究方法,认为我国手球运动经历了创业、发展、停滞后恢复、高峰、滑坡5个阶段;手球训练理念从50年代的简单模仿、学习,到60年代的"三从一大",70年代的科学训练理论应用于实践,一直到高峰阶段的系统、规范、独特,既拥有欧洲球队的高大队员、扎实的基本技战术,又具备亚洲球队快速、灵活、多变、以我为主的风格。