Promoting Post-Traumatic Growth in Colorectal Cancer Patients:Exploring the Role of Social Support through a Chain Mediation Model

Colorectal cancer(CRC)poses significant physical and psychological challenges that necessitate an exploration of factors influencing post-traumatic growth(PTG)for patient well-being.This study aims to investigate the effects of positive psychological capital(PsyCap)and perceived stress on mediating the social support-PTG relation among 673 CRC patients.Social support,positive PsyCap,perceived stress,and PTG were assessed through questionnaires.The results indicated a direct prediction effect of social support on PTG(LICI=0.481,ULCI=0.644),with the direct effect being 59.5%.Both positive PsyCap and perceived stress exerted a mediating role in the correlation between social support and PTG,with the mediating effects occupying 29.4%(LICI=0.217,ULCI=0.343)and 5.7%(LICI=0.030,ULCI=0.082),respectively.Positive PsyCap further had a chain mediating effect on perceived stress(LICI=0.031,ULCI=0.074),with the chain effect accounting for 5.4%.The total impact of social support on PTG was 100%(LICI=0.882,ULCI=1.008).This model underscores the pivotal role of social support in promoting PTG in CRC patients.Positive PsyCap serves as a crucial mediator in the social support-PTG link,with perceived stress playing a sequential mediating role.Thesefindings suggest that strengthening social support networks and cultivating positive PsyCap may reduce perceived stress and promote the development of PTG in CRC patients.Consequently,intervention programs are recommended to improve the psychosocial well-being of CRC patients.

Relationships among Social Capital, Positive Aspect, and Caregiver Burden in Dementia Families: A Mediating Model

Objective: To investigate the current situation and influencing factors of care giving burden among family caregivers with dementia and to analyze the Positive Aspect of caregivers between Social Capital and Caregiver Burden. Methods: A total of 205 elderly dementia patients and family caregivers were select from 3 tertiary hospital by convenience sampling method in Zhengzhou. The general information questionnaire. The Social Capital Scale for Caregiver of People with Dementia, The Positive Aspect of Care giving scale and The Caregiver Burden Inventory were utilized for investigation. Results: In this study the scores of the Social Capital Scale of Caregivers with dementia were (48.76 ± 6.44), the scores of the Positive Aspect of Care giving scale were (37.41 ± 4.29), and the scores of the Caregiver Burden Inventory were (64.43 ± 10.89). The results of multiple linear regression analysis showed that patient’s age, patient’s disease duration, social capital, and positive feelings were the main influencing factors of caregiver’s burden of care (P Conclusion: The burden of family caregivers is at a medium-high level, and it is recommended that the medical, social levels fully mobilize the social support system of caregivers from the caregivers’ conditions, increase the level of the caregivers’ social capital, and pay attention to the positive feelings of the caregivers and regulate them in time social alleviate the burden of their care giving.

Research on Feature Extraction Method of Social Network Text

The development of various applications based on social network text is in full swing.Studying text features and classifications is of great value to extract important information.This paper mainly introduces the common feature selection algorithms and feature representation methods,and introduces the basic principles,advantages and disadvantages of SVM and KNN,and the evaluation indexes of classification algorithms.In the aspect of mutual information feature selection function,it describes its processing flow,shortcomings and optimization improvements.In view of its weakness in not balancing the positive and negative correlation characteristics,a balance weight attribute factor and feature difference factor are introduced to make up for its deficiency.The experimental stage mainly describes the specific process:the word segmentation processing,to disuse words,using various feature selection algorithms,including optimized mutual information,and weighted with TF-IDF.Under the two classification algorithms of SVM and KNN,we compare the merits and demerits of all the feature selection algorithms according to the evaluation index.Experiments show that the optimized mutual information feature selection has good performance and is better than KNN under the SVM classification algorithm.This experiment proves its validity.

Moving Away from Coercion: Social Justice and Behavior Change in Disability Services

The use of coercion to alter behavior in persons with intellectual and other developmental disabilities has a long history. Despite the work of leaders in the development of Positive Behaviour Support (PBS), the use of chemical, mechanical, physical or personal, and environmental restraints continues, resulting in traumatization, physical and emotional harm, and in some instances, death. When coercion is used, the trust between people breaks down, and the lack of trust is reinforced by the power differentials present when coercion occurs. Social justice provides an avenue for rebalancing power and regaining trust, but people affected by disabilities have historically been excluded from theories of social justice and, in some cases, do not fall within the definition of what it means to be a person in the paradigms put forth by a number of different authors. The term non-coercive has been used in an attempt to reframe behavior change theories and practices, but this term describes the absence of negative circumstances and interventions, rather than the presence of positive and affirming interactions which improve the quality of life of all stakeholders.

Determinants of Positive Mental Health in Adolescents–A Cross-Sectional Study on Relationships between Positive Mental Health, Self-Esteem, Character Strengths and Social Inclusion

Adolescence is a crucial time period with especial vulnerability for development of mental health problems.Growing interest is focusing on the determinants of positive mental health in order to find the key concepts that could be influenced in the promotion of mental well-being of adolescents.In this study we aim to explore the relations between self-esteem,character strengths and experience of social inclusion as determinants of adolescents’positive mental health controlled for selected sociodemographic background factors.The study population(n=195)consisted of comprehensive school students who filled in an electronic questionnaire of adolescent’s mental well-being in Fall 2019.The questionnaire included measures of Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Well-being Scale(WEMWBS),VIA Youth-measure 96,Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale and Experience of Social Inclusion Scale.The methods included group comparisons and General Linear Model computed by SPSS 24.0.The strongest association was found between positive mental health and self-esteem(β=0.789,p<0.001),followed by character strengths of hope and kindness and experience of social inclusion.Interestingly,family’s socioeconomic factors did not associate significantly with positive mental health in the final statistical model.In terms of our results,it seems that self-esteem,character strengths and experience of social inclusion might have stronger association with adolescents’mental well-being than family’s socioeconomic determinants.Therefore,it should be discussed whether psychological determinants overcome the individual effect of poor socioeconomic status as factors that influence positive mental health.Further studies are needed to establish these results more firmly.

Changes of China's Position in the World Food Trade Network

"Ensuring stability in foreign trade"and"ensuring food security"are essential parts of China's"six priorities"and"stability in six areas".Based on the data of bilateral food trade between countries during 1996-2018,using descriptive statistical analysis and social network analysis methods,this paper analyzed the changes of China's trade position in the world food trade network.It reached the following results.(i)China's position in the trade network has undergone a phased process of"remarkable improvement-continuous fluctuation-significant decline-steady growth".(ii)Export participation is better than import participation,the gap between trade export strength and import strength is widening,and the effective scale and constraint index gradually improve.(iii)The change of China's position in the food trade network is affected by geographical,economic,institutional and cultural factors.In view of these findings,it is recommended to improve node centrality,enhance network participation,improve network interconnection,and prevent international market risks,so as to better deal with the complex international environment.

团体积极心理干预对研究生生命意义感和社会支持的效果

目的:验证积极心理干预提升研究生生命意义感及社会支持的有效性。方法:将59名研究生(年龄22.76±0.97岁)分为干预组(n=44)和对照组(n=15),干预组完成了6次团体积极心理干预,对照组等待实施干预,前测与后测均填写了生命意义感量表(MLQ)和领悟社会支持量表(PSSS)。结果:①干预组在生命意义感、领悟社会支持得分上的变化量均显著高于对照组(t=2.02,2.60;P<0.05);②与前测相比,干预组在干预后生命意义感和领悟社会支持显著提升(t=3.80,3.71;P<0.001)。结论:团体积极心理干预可以有效提升研究生的生命意义感和社会支持。

社会情感能力对大学生社会适应能力的影响:领悟社会支持与积极应对的链式中介

为了探讨大学生社会情感能力对社会适应能力的影响及领悟社会支持和积极应对在两者之间的链式中介作用,采用大学生社会情感能力量表、领悟社会支持量表、积极应对方式量表和社会适应能力诊断量表对374名大学生进行问卷调查。结果发现:(1)大学生的社会情感能力、社会适应能力、领悟社会支持和积极应对方式均两两显著正相关;(2)大学生社会情感能力显著正向影响社会适应能力;(3)领悟社会支持和积极应对在大学生社会情感能力与社会适应能力之间均起部分中介作用;(4)领悟社会支持和积极应对在大学生社会情感能力与社会适应的关系中构成链式中介。研究扩充了社会情感能力影响学生社会适应能力的研究机制,同时为提升大学生的社会适应能力提供启示。

社会组织纽带、国家审计与政府补助

政府补助作为各级政府调控宏观经济的一种手段,能够对地区经济发展和企业经营决策产生重要影响。本文以我国证券市场2004年至2019年A股上市公司为研究对象,实证检验了企业家商会任职所产生的社会组织纽带作用对企业获取政府补助的潜在影响,并考察国家审计机关的地域性制度安排对上述影响的调节作用。实证研究发现:(1)企业家(董事长或总经理)的商会组织纽带作用有助于企业获取更多的政府补助,即企业家商会任职对政府资源配置具有正向影响;(2)企业家商会任职与政府补助之间的正相关关系在无审计署特派办的地区更加明显,即企业家商会任职对企业获取政府补助的正向影响会因国家审计机关的地域性分布而存在异质性;(3)企业家商会任职与政府补助之间的正相关关系在非国有企业、经济资源相对匮乏的地区、市场化程度较低的地区和政策不确定性较低的地区以及地方官员本地任职的情况下更加明显;(4)渠道分析表明,企业家商会任职能够加剧企业寻租行为,并增加企业社会性负担,提高社会责任履行水平。上述结果表明,商会组织纽带并非是通过降低政府与企业之间的信息不对称程度,而是以其自身为中介建立了政府与企业之间的社会关系,从而对政府资源配置产生影响。本文以商会这一社会组织纽带为切入点,在一定程度上揭示了政府补助资源分配背后的行为逻辑,相关研究结论对继续深化商会组织改革、加强政府补助的审批和监管以促进政府资源配置的积极效应都具有一定政策启示。

情绪效价和动机强度对社会分享型提取诱发遗忘的影响

在互动提取过程中,说话者选择性地提取目标信息,会导致听者对非目标信息的遗忘,这被称为社会分享型提取诱发遗忘。本研究基于情绪、动机与记忆之间的密切联系,探索在互动提取范式中,情绪效价与情绪动机维度对社会分享型提取诱发遗忘的影响。实验1通过操纵情绪效价与项目类型,考察情绪效价对社会分享型提取诱发遗忘的影响;实验2通过操纵积极情绪效价下的动机维度与项目类型,考察积极情绪动机维度对社会分享型提取诱发遗忘的影响。结果发现,在积极情绪(和中性情绪)条件下会产生社会分享型提取诱发遗忘,消极情绪条件下则不会;且高趋近动机积极情绪条件下的社会分享型提取诱发遗忘效应量大于低趋近动机积极情绪。以上结果为了解情绪效价及相应的动机维度对社会分享型提取诱发遗忘的影响提供了实证依据,在社会互动任务中检验了情绪与动机影响记忆表现的关键作用。

积极社会心态量表的修订及其在老年群体中的验证

基于早期编制的社会心态量表,参考其他相关测量和专家意见,确定积极社会心态量表的维度结构,在原量表基础上修改或重新编写条目,形成初始量表。对309名老年人进行初测,经过探索性因子分析和项目分析形成正式量表。然后选取512名老年人进行正式施策,评估内部一致性信度、结构效度,以及效标关联效度。结果显示,积极社会心态包括生活满意感、社会公平感、社会安全感、社会信任感和社会认同感五个分量表,总量表和各分量表的内部一致性信度及分半信度系数较高,验证性因素分析表明测量模型拟合良好,具有良好的聚合效度与区分效度,以及效标关联效度,可用于开展相关研究。

积极青少年发展理论的演进与意涵

积极青少年发展是发展科学理论范式的重大转变,极大推动了全球青少年发展研究和教育政策的进程。积极青少年发展突破“问题视角”和“缺陷模型”,主张关注青少年的优势和相对可塑性,强调个体与情境的互惠互动,凸显青少年之于社会进步和人类发展的贡献与方法论价值。在历经生态情境取向向历史文化取向的演进过程中,积极青少年发展研究逐步在世界范围内开展、推广和践行,彰显出鲜明的理论更新自觉和实践品格,这对推动对青少年的认识论发展、我国积极青少年发展研究以及政策制定实施,具有多重启示。

HIV阳性MSM的社会行为及首次同性性行为到阳性时间的影响因素分析

目的了解艾滋病病毒(HIV)阳性男男性行为者(MSM)的社会行为特征,分析首次同性性行为到阳性时间的影响因素。方法收集2007—2022年绵阳市疾病预防控制中心新确证并实施首次流行病学调查的阳性MSM资料,阳性时间的影响因素分析采用χ^(2)检验和Logistics回归模型。结果共收集有效资料457份,自认性取向成因属先天因素63.95%、后天因素36.05%,首次同性性行为性伴来源互联网60.54%、朋友等39.46%。首次同性性行为年龄平均23.95岁,发生阶段为在校学生44.64%、工作后55.36%。53.75%使用过rush poppers。阳性时间平均5.25年。多因素分析结果,职业学生/商业服务/无业(OR=1.868)、首次同性性行为发生在在校学生阶段(OR=1.555)者阳性时间短的可能更大,婚姻状况在婚及其他(OR=0.566)、固定性伴数≥3人(OR=0.553)、偶遇性伴数≥5人(OR=0.457)者阳性时间短的可能更小。结论阳性MSM多自认其性取向属先天因素,首次同性性行为的性伴来源互联网、发生在工作后和使用新型毒品较为普遍。阳性时间与婚姻状况、首次同性性行为发生阶段及性伴数量相关联。要针对性强化健康教育和行为干预。

早产儿母亲积极感受与社会支持的相关性研究

目的:调查了解早产儿母亲积极感受与社会支持的现况,并分析两者之间的相关性。方法:采用便利抽样法,选取宁夏某医院新生儿重症监护病房2022年12月—2023年2月收治的126名早产儿母亲为研究对象,使用一般资料调查表、照顾者积极感受量表和领悟社会支持量表进行横断面调查。结果:早产儿母亲的积极感受总分为(39.22±5.00)分、社会支持总分为(66.10±9.93)分。早产儿母亲社会支持总分及各维度得分与其积极感受总分及各维度得分呈正相关(P<0.05)。结论:临床医护人员应关注早产儿母亲的社会支持水平,通过给予其更多的社会支持以提高早产儿母亲的积极感受。

“实证法学”的概念术语回顾与回归--基于文献的实证法学研究整合路径

伴随着实证研究概念和范畴的思想大讨论,法学界在过去几十年涌现出大量相关的方法或学科术语。虽然各种术语本来根植于实证研究,但由于每种术语未对既有术语作细致的文献回顾和概念分析,而呈现出术语间前后矛盾、自我否定、相互攻击、相互整合的泛化和分化现象。从方法和学科层面来看,要实现实证研究的发展和繁盛,就必然需要在开放和团结的学术平台下统一学术理念,“实证法学”应该是整合研究队伍的最妥当路径。将当代实证法学研究的源头定位在二十世纪八十年代,了解钱学森和吴世宦所引领的法学研究方法大讨论对实证法学的影响,可以澄清有关起源问题的误解。实证法学的传统术语在早期都包含定量和定性,近十年才因个人理解或方法偏爱引发术语之争。新兴术语虽然在定量或定性、样本大小、理念内涵、技术方法上有所差异,但都是基于实证研究发展起来的,其术语之争也源于割裂文献所致的自创概念。回归实证研究的本质,停止术语和概念之争,只要正确和恰当地定义实证法学,便可以实现整合实证法学研究的目标。

从日耳曼法学到自由法学:德国法学社会实证视角的谱系

当今社科法学的社会实证性视角可以一直追溯到日耳曼法学派,乃至萨维尼的历史方法。其间包括法学自然主义的兴起和后期耶林的目的论思想等。这也是在体系性法教义学的形成与发展之外,19世纪德国法律科学的另一条明线。经典的私法史叙事认为,外部社会实证性视角一直在对抗形式主义的法教义学,自由法运动便是这一对抗的高潮。但这种反形式主义与实证主义的叙事并不能真实地还原社会实证视角的历史谱系。内部规范体系性视角和外部社会实证视角在19世纪的德国法律科学中并不存在非此即彼的对抗。事实上,彼时的法学一直在尝试平衡和融合两种视角。这种对抗式的历史叙事在一定程度上也在为自由法运动的外部社会实证视角极度扩张背书。无论是法学内部视角的缺失,还是对外部视角的视而不见,都是对法学本身的伤害,这也是德国近代私法史传达出的历史教训,这种历史教训也为法教义学与社科法学之争提供反思资源。

旅游者社交媒体分享对旅游体验的影响研究——网络社会支持和积极情绪的中介作用

社交媒体不仅重塑旅游者信息传播和分享行为,而且拓展了虚实并行的旅游空间。分享过程中“晒”与“赞”的互动循环为旅游体验赋予了新的内涵和价值,也使得旅游体验在社交媒体平台上得到了更加丰富和多元的表达。基于此,研究依据拟剧和积极情绪拓展构建理论框架,采用结构方程模型,深入探讨旅游者社交媒体分享的心理变化与情绪价值,揭示旅游者社交媒体分享与旅游体验之间的关系。研究发现:旅游者社交媒体分享对旅游体验的影响不具有直接性,但却是网络社会支持和积极情绪的驱动因素;互动行为的存在是旅游体验产生的根源,其主要表现为网络社会支持;积极情绪在旅游者社交媒体分享与旅游体验之间发挥单独中介作用,并且通过网络社会支持发挥链式中介作用。因此,旅游者可以通过社交媒体分享,拓展新的旅游空间、创造新人际互动模式、促进新内容生产,从而建立旅游体验新认知和实现旅游体验的新塑造。其结果不仅有助于了解和掌握当前旅游消费者的行为和心理特征,而且有助于旅游服务提供商改进与创新服务方法和产品质量,为提升旅游者的旅游体验提供建议和指导。

图书馆在社会美育中的角色定位及参与途径--以上海市“社会大美育”课堂为例

社会美育是通过社会的审美机构和社会美化活动来提高人们的审美能力,最终促进社会和谐进步的一种潜移默化的教育。作为社会美育的机构,博物馆、美术馆等往往被关注和讨论。而同样是公共文化的重要组成部分的图书馆,却鲜有学者去关注其美育的形式和内容、参与社会美育的途径。2023年上海市启动了“社会大美育”课堂,整合图书馆、美术馆、博物馆、院团、剧场等公共文化资源系统性开展社会美育活动,图书馆是其中不可或缺的重要组成部分。以此为例,探讨公共图书馆在社会美育中的角色定位及参与途径。

论积极刑法立法下刑事检察的发展

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