A Historical Review of the Development of Women’s Higher Education in China (1908-2020): Stages, Explanations, and Trends

The development of women’s higher education in China can be divided into four stages:emergence(1908-1948);foundation(1949-1976);accelerating development(1977-2008);and the qualitative leap(2009-2020).This work considers the principal institutional mechanisms that contributed to this development.First,flexibly planned parenthood gradually promoted gender equality and openness in society facilitated by systematic“awards,grants,and loans”initiatives to support women’s higher education economically.Second,compulsory education ensured that left-out and migrant children had access to higher education.Third,effective connectivity across different education types bridged education gaps between those with different levels of education.Fourth,China made great efforts to invite and integrate international experiences that promoted the development of women’s higher education.Looking beyond these achievements,we also discuss the future trends of women’s higher education in China.

Report on the Educational Process for the Promotion of Health of Women Attended in a Reference Center of Social Assistance

This article discusses one experienced by students and preceptors of Programs Pro-Pet-Health and Health of the Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte/Faculty of Health Sciences of Trairí in the Reference Center for Social Assistance (CRAS) in the municipality of experience Santa Cruz/RN, with a view to the relationship between preventive health activities and social assistance. The proposed work of Pro-Pet in the assistance unit sought to unravel the lifestyle of the target audience in order to know the risk factors and suggest the adoption of health measures for disease prevention. Work to guide the educational process for health promotion with socioeconomic and cultural contextualization built on scientific papers surveyed in Lilacs and Scielo data was used. On average, 12 women aged between 35 and 60 years participated in the group. Eight group sessions occurred in the period from March to May 2014. Regarding work methodologies, we used dynamic integration and self-knowledge;dialogued lectures;lectures;reports of experiences;thematic workshops;educational videos;wheels conversation complemented by the use of texts and poems;as well as application of the checklist in conducting health and anthropometry. The experience helped identify the characteristics of the group and plan understandable and meaningful guidance for women, facilitating the understanding of the importance of self-care in preventing disease.

The Rise of Women’s Education and the Modernity of East Asia:Focusing on the Education of“Virtuous Wives and Worthy Mothers”in China and Japan

This year marks the 50th anniversary of the normalization of diplomatic relations between China and Japan.Looking back on the past and forward to the future,we realize modernity has become a critical issue that not only China and Japan,but the whole East Asian region should pay attention to.China and Japan are both within the“Circle of Confucius Culture”and are both modern latecomer countries.As they were coerced by western countries to enter the modern age,they shared multiple common features.An exploration of the two countries’respective rising of modern women’s education is an important path to discuss the reconstruction of gender and an important method of the course of the embodiment of east-Asian women into modernization drives.With regards to conclusion,entering the modern age,Chinese and Japanese intellectuals reshaped the female gender in terms of interpersonal relationship,value system,and knowledge structure by advocating the idea of“virtuous wives and worthy mothers”education.In the concept of virtuous wives and worthy mothers in East Asia,the Confucian ethics of“docility and virtue”is the soul,and modern scientific knowledge serves this core value.On the other hand,in the course of localization in China and Japan,this imported concept from the West has encountered a completely different historical fate.

Women and the Transnational Dynamics of Science Education in Early Twentieth Century China:A Quiet Revolution

This article explores both the personal and transnational dimensions of domestic science education and study abroad for the pioneering generation of Chinese women in science.By focusing on women’s unique calculus of risk and reward,the article not only distinguishes Chinese women’s experiences from those of their male counterparts but also delineates the special contours of the Chinese case within the global advancement of women in science.The article begins by outlining some of the features and dynamics of early Chinese girls’schools that affected students’interest in and preparation for further scientific study.Then it traces the emerging college-level opportunities that made it possible for women who were studying science in China to contemplate advanced work overseas.Turning to study abroad,the article highlights the radicalness of the decision to study abroad by examining the impact of both family background and national circumstances on Chinese women’s strategies of mobility.The article argues that if we are to take women’s experiences seriously,we cannot just look at scientific pursuits in terms of achievements in the development of Chinese science,we also need to consider the ways that·scientific ambitions forced individuals—both male and female—to navigate and reimagine multiple social norms and expectations.

Analyzing the Influences on Women’s Upbringing and Their Educational Significance Using the Case of Estella,the Heroine of Great Expectations

This paper explores the influences on women’s upbringing and their educational significance by using the character Estella from Great Expectations as a case study.Through analyzing the impact of social environment,family education,and self-awakening,this article aims to promote gender equality and the construction of a feminist cognitive community.It delves into the class divisions of 19th-century England,the manipulative family education imposed on Estella by Miss Havisham,and Estella’s journey towards self-consciousness after her foster mother’s death.The study highlights the challenges faced by women in societal constraints,family expectations,and the importance of self-discovery in overcoming these limitations.

ADVANCES OF EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH ON ACUPUNCTURE AND MOXIBUSTION FOR TREATMENT OF WOMEN'S CLIMACTERIC SYNDROME

To introduce the advances of experimental research on acupuncture and moxibustion for treatment of Women＇s Climacteric Syndrome.The recent years experimental research literature of acupuncture and moxibustion for treatment of Women＇s Climacteric Syndrome were reviewed.The research literatures on acupuncture treatment were major,focusing on the field of acupuncture and moxibustion regulating hypothalamic-pituitary-gonad axis and nerval-endocritic-immune net.Acupuncture and moxibustion could regulate the endocrine environment of menopausal women.Taking advantage of combination biomedicine with multi-sciences,to improve the acupuncture and moxibustion curative effct and probe the mechanism of menopausal pathology and acupuncture and moxibustion function to Women＇s Climacteric Syndrome,is the research direction afterward.

Failure of a “Modern” Education: Mansfield Park as a Case Study

This paper explores the moral anarchy caused by the failed education in Mansfield Park, and demonstrates the insufficiency of mere intellectual education and the absolute necessity of moral education in the formation of a mature and responsible character.

Just in Time Education: Educational Technology for Professional’s Health

Objective: Verify if the educational technology based on Just in Time Education is relevant to Permanent Health Education in Workers’ Health. Method: This study is exploratory and descriptive qualitative research. Were performed semi-structured interviews were carried out with the worker’s health team of a large company from the South of Brazil region. The collected data were carried out in 2021, between January and May, through the virtual environment, with eight participants from the Work Health Team of Eletrosul, located in Florianópolis, who agreed to participate in the research by signing the Free and Informed Consent Term, in accordance with the data saturation criterion. The research was approved by the Ethics Committee (n. 4079133) and the data were submitted to Bardin for thematic content analysis. Result: The results are presented from three categories: 1) Expansion and inclusion in Permanent Education needs;2) Tools adopted in educational processes;3) Just in Time Education: educational technology for workers’ health. Conclusion: The active methodology Just in Time Education helps the processes of Permanent Education in Health, which moved from a face-to-face model to e-learning and required the knowledge renewal in the technology area to maintain efficient communication. This methodology allows quick and accurate access to information from a reliable, adequate, and up-to-date source, causing a positive impact on the qualified and problem-solving work process, in line with the needs of the employer and the company. Therefore, Just in Time Education can provide standardization, organization, and informational and operational quality necessary in this context, in addition to serving as an indicator and data generator (management tool).

Facilitators and Constraints:Perceptions of Gender Differences on Women’s Career Advancement

The underrepresentation in top management positions has made women’s status in the hospitality industry a great concern.The study examined hospitality students’,educators’,and industry recruiters’perceptions of facilitators and constraints on women’s career advancement and identified if there were any significant differences among them.Data were collected through an online survey.Perceptions of gender differences of facilitators and constraints in women’s career advancement and gender issues were analyzed within the three groups(students,educators,and recruiters).Results revealed significant gender differences between male and female educators and recruiters.The findings suggested that hospitality education should make a contribution and reveal barriers and gender issues in the industry.

Korean New Women： Korean New Women＇s Fluctuation in International and Korean Contexts

In the late 19th and early 20th centuries, ＂New Woman＂ was an international phenomenon. Although various national contexts contributed many different shades of meaning to the concept of ＂New Woman＂ in each country, New Women across the world shared common ground. In the 1920s, when American New Women experimented with their new identity, New Women in Korea also discovered a new sense of selfhood and confidence to make inroads into public spheres. Under Japan＇s colonial rule （1910-1945）, Korean women, valued as a national hidden reservoir, gained access to education and made attempts to remove traditional constraints. Despite different situations surrounding Korean and American New Women, their recognition, pursuit, and places in history echoed one another＇s. The bold and innovative nature of Korean New Women has attracted much academic as well as public attention. Most of the rich body of scholarship on this topic focuses on famous figures whose flamboyant defiance met a tragic end or on the sacrifices and failures of New Women＇s pursuit in confronting nationalism. The nation is an important and useful framework in history, but additional factors should be considered for a better understanding of New Women. Not only does this paper consider national context, it also pays much needed attention to an international connection in women＇s history.

Women’s Perception Concerning Health Care in the Post-Partum Period: A Meta-Synthesis

This meta-synthesis presents the results of qualitative studies on puerperal perception concerning woman’s care in the post-partum period. Four databases were researched using keywords such as “postnatal care” (or) “postpartum period”, (and) “care”, “women”, “perception”, “qualitative research”, “women’s health services”, “community health services”, “allied health personnel”, “primary health care”, resulting in 9 articles for analysis. Six themes were identified: interpersonal relationship, information, communication, attending the necessities, service organization and other supports. Results report mainly on the unsatisfactory professional care for women, appreciating the form of dealing with promptness and the timing to be attended;trust;content, coherence and the way to inform;clarification of doubts;friendly conversation and clinical assistance. The professional workload was restricted on postpartum period care quality. There were gaps found in clinical practice and in dialogical communication and information on women’s health necessities.

基于Web of Science数据库的护理硕士研究生教育领域研究趋势的可视化分析

目的:了解近10年护理硕士研究生教育领域在全球的研究热点、研究现状和发展趋势。方法:通过Web of Science检索2013年1月1日—2023年3月1日护理硕士研究生教育领域的英文文献,对收集到英文文献的年度发文量、国家发文量、作者发文量、机构发文量、关键词聚类共现的数据进行可视化处理,分析其研究热点。CiteSpace软件用于检测关键字突现。结果:护理硕士研究生教育领域全球年度发文量呈整体逐步上升趋势;关键词共现聚类分析结果显示,研究热点主题集中在多领域服务实践、心理支持策略、跨专业教育课程、研究生教育模式。结论:近10年护理硕士研究生教育处于迅速发展阶段,护理硕士研究生模拟训练策略、临床思维能力、社会适应能力、跨学科模式等可能是未来该领域研究的热点和方向。未来发展跨学科研究生教育模式,充分发挥护理硕士研究生优势,提高其社会适应能力水平。

以S-T分析法分析教育技术专业课课堂教学问题

以教育技术专业为代表探讨高等教育本科教学改革问题具有深远意义。文章使用S-T分析法对当前教育技术专业本科专业课的课堂教学情况进行了分析,根据课堂教学中存在的优点与不足,尝试提出加强课堂教学的可行措施,为新教学理念的深入实施探求可行之路。

新疆地区U-S合作研究的困境与对策分析

随着我国教育改革的不断推进,U-S合作研究问题日益受到众多研究者的关注。本文就新疆地区U-S合作研究现状进行调查,分析制约合作研究有效开展的困境,提出了进一步促进合作研究顺利开展的相关对策。

Baicalin suppresses iron accumulation after substantia nigra injury: relationship between iron concentration and transferrin expression

Previous studies have shown that baicalin prevented iron accumulation after substantia nigra injury, reduced divalent metal transporter 1 expression, and increased ferroportin 1 expression in the substantia nigra of rotenone-induced Parkinson＇s disease rats. In the current study, we investigated the relationship between iron accumulation and transferrin expression in C6 cells, to explore the mechanisms of the inhibitory effect of baicalin on iron accumulation observed in Parkinson＇s disease rats. Iron content was detected using inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectroscopy. Results showed that iron content decreased 41% after blocking divalent metal transporter 1 and ferroportin 1 proteins. After treatment with ferric ammonium citrate of differing concentrations （10, 50, 100, 400 ktg/mL） in C6 glioma cells, cell survival rate and ferroportin 1 expression were negatively correlated with ferric ammonium citrate concentration, but divalent metal transporter 1 expression positively correlated with ferric ammonium citrate concentration. Baicalin or deferoxamine reduced divalent metal transporter 1 expression, but increased ferroportin 1 expression in the 100 μg/mL ferric ammonium citrate-loaded C6 cells. These results indicate that baicalin down-regulated iron concentration, which positively regulat- ed divalent metal transporter 1 expression and negatively regulated ferroportin 1 expression, and decreased iron accumulation in the substantia nigra.

ESPCS与营养健康教育在更年期妇女中的研究进展

更年期是指妇女从生殖期至非生殖期的过渡阶段,当妇女进入更年期后,其生殖器官(如卵巢、子宫等)功能会明显下降,且在该阶段内会出现多种临床体征。同时随着卵巢功能下降,其体内雌激素水平也随之降低,导致妇女身体和心理功能受到不良影响,严重降低生活质量,很大程度上也会引发疾病。随着我国人口数量的增多,我国进入更年期妇女人数也逐渐增多,约1/5妇女已进入该年龄阶段。因此,在女性更年期期间保持具有良好的心理状态和营养健康对其身体健康和生活质量具有重要价值。本文对讲解-模拟-实践-沟通-支持(ESPCS)与营养健康教育在更年期妇女中的效果进行研究。

以妇女儿童为主体 发挥妇联网络优势开展HIV/AIDS预防教育与关怀活动

以妇女儿童为主体,发挥妇联网络优势,与联合国儿基会合作通过层层培训及大众传媒,深入开展了艾滋病预防知识宣传培训的社会动员工作,包括培养骨干,将宣传材料翻译成11种少数民族文字,利用各种途径传播相关知识,开展针对辍学女童等不同人群为目标人群的HIV/AIDS预防教育培训。通过以上措施,提高了广大妇女儿童有关预防和控制HIV/AIDS知识。

我国妇女/性别与教育研究热点主题和脉络演进——基于CiteSpace的文献计量可视化分析

利用CiteSpace计量软件对1995—2018年妇女/性别与教育研究文献进行了可视化分析。研究发现,我国妇女/性别与教育研究大致经历了起步、迅速发展和波动发展三个阶段;研究内容从关注女童受教育权到女性在高等教育中所受到的不公正对待,延展到教育结果上的性别歧视问题;问题聚焦从关注教育物质投入过渡到对教育模式和理念的反思。未来应加强中国特色社会主义妇女理论建设、加快研究队伍建设、注重研究视角和研究方法的多元交叉融合、拓宽研究视野。

基于CiteSpace知识图谱的国内女性体育研究现状与热点分析

为了解女性体育的研究现状与热点,利用CiteSpace对CNKI核心期刊中收录的从1997—2023年女性体育相关文献301篇进行可视化分析。研究发现,女性体育研究发展经历萌芽期(1997—2001年)、探索期(2002—2008年)、发展期(2009—2016年)和稳定期(2017—2023年),暂未形成大规模的作者合作团队,科研机构多以高校为主,作者及机构间合作交流少,研究热点呈多元化趋势,未来我国女性体育研究的热点和前沿是“女性形象”以及“性别平等”。研究提出,建立相关的平台来促进作者及机构的学术交流与合作,未来扩大研究对象选择范围,促进女性体育的更好发展。

“U-G-S”实习管理模式下地方高校师范类教育实习发展的调查研究——以G校为例

目前,师范院校在推进“U-G-S”教育实习管理模式实践过程中暴露出一些问题。通过对G校教育实习管理模式的调查研究,发现高校的教学系(部)实习管理主体性有待加强,实习前宣传动员的不充分严重影响实习效果的问题;教育行政部门存在着“重管理轻建设”的问题;实习学校(含中小学、幼儿园、特殊教育学校,下同)的实习环境差异导致学生心理失衡,有些学生适应缓慢,教师专业指导问题影响学生实习质量;实习生难以完成学科专业的实习目标,也缺乏心理辅导。因此,提出深化改革地方高校的实习管理工作,加强地方高校与教育行政部门的合作交流,完善地方高校与实习学校的协作机制,强化实习学校对实习生的全面管理四个策略。