Function Words Analysis——A Reading Comprehension Aid for Chinese Engineers

Background Generally speaking. Chinese college graduates in the fifties and sixties took Russian as their second language, and those who graduated in the seventies had no second language to speak of. Now, in the years of our Open Door Policy, they find they have to learn some English and learn it quickly. They try to learn from radio and TV and many take English courses of 4 to 6 months, with varying degree of success. Their chief stumbling blocks

Arc-length technique for nonlinear finite element analysis

Nonlinear solution of reinforced concrete structures, particularly complete load-deflection response, requires tracing of the equilibrium path and proper treatment of the limit and bifurcation points. In this regard, ordinary solution techniques lead to instability near the limit points and also have problems in case of snap-through and snap-back. Thus they fail to predict the complete load-displacement response. The arc-length method serves the purpose well in principle, received wide acceptance in finite element analysis, and has been used extensively. However modifications to the basic idea are vital to meet the particular needs of the analysis. This paper reviews some of the recent developments of the method in the last two decades, with particular emphasis on nonlinear finite element analysis of reinforced concrete structures.

“My ADHD Hellbrain”: A Twitter Data Science Perspective on a Behavioural Disorder

Purpose: Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder(ADHD) is a common behavioural condition. This article introduces a new data science method, word association thematic analysis, to investigate whether ADHD tweets can give insights into patient concerns and online communication needs. Design/methodology/approach: Tweets matching "my ADHD"(n=58,893) and 99 other conditions(n=1,341,442) were gathered and two thematic analyses conducted. Analysis 1: A standard thematic analysis of ADHD-related tweets. Analysis 2: A word association thematic analysis of themes unique to ADHD.Findings: The themes that emerged from the two analyses included people ascribing their brains agency to explain and justify their symptoms and using the concept of neurodivergence for a positive self-image. Research limitations: This is a single case study and the results may differ for other topics.Practical implications: Health professionals should be sensitive to patients' needs to understand their behaviour, find ways to justify and explain it to others and to be positive about their condition.Originality/value: Word association thematic analysis can give new insights into the(self-reported) patient perspective.

A study of the disciplinary structure of mechanics based on the titles of published journal articles in mechanics

Scientometrics is an emerging academic field for the exploration of the structure of science through journal citation relations. However, this article aims to study those subject-relevant journals' contents rather than studying their citations contained therein with the purpose of discovering a given disciplinary structure of science such as mechanics in our case. Based on the title wordings of 68,075 articles published in 66 mechanics journals,and using such research tools as the word frequency analysis, multidimensional scaling analysis and factor analysis, this article analyzes similarity and distinctions of those journals' contents in the subject field of mechanics. We first convert complex internal relations of these mechanics journals into a small number amount of independent indicators.The group of selected mechanics journals is then classified by a cluster analysis. This article demonstrates that the relations of the research contents of mechanics can be shown in an intuitively recognizable map, and we can have them analyzed from a perspective by taking into account about how those major branches of mechanics, such as solid mechanics,fluid mechanics, rational mechanics(including mathematical methods in mechanics), sound and vibration mechanics, computational mechanics, are related to the main thematic tenet of our study. It is hoped that such an approach, buttressed with this new perspective and approach, will enrich our means to explore the disciplinary structure of science and technology in general and mechanics in specific.

Key issues in the strategic environmental assessment of the middle reaches of the Yangtze River

The middle reaches of the Yangtze River were the key areas of central China emphasized in many strategic plans.It was also an important ecological and fragile area,because there are many wetlands,lakes,rivers and soil erosion area.And it linked the ecological fragile upper reaches of the Yangtze River with the most developed Yangtze River Delta in China.It is urgent to figure out the key industries,key areas and key ecological and environmental problems for the strategic environmental assessment of the middle reaches of the Yangtze River.The important regions consisted of the economic key region,the planning key region,the ecological key region,and the fragile ecological region.The key industries consisted of the ones contributed to economic growth,or affecting the environment,or preferred by the local government.Besides,the ecological and environmental problems involved the water environment,the atmosphere environment,and the ecological environment.The key regions were identified through word frequency statistics of many plans by ROST Word Parser.And it was spatially overlaid by ArcGIS9.2.The key industries were calculated based on the economic statistics data,the environmental pollution census and the word frequency statistics.Based on SCI-EXPANDED,CPCI-S,CCR-EXPANDED,IC database and Chinese CNKI periodical database,the ecological and environmental problems of the middle reaches of the Yangtze River were analyzed by Citespace software according to the keywords and abstract of every paper.The results show that the important regions of the middle reaches of the Yangtze River concentrated in the central urban region,along the river and lake,surrounding mountains,and the wetland.The equipment manufacturing,chemical industry,mining industry,energy supply industry,food industry,textile and garment industry were the key industries need to be focused on.The urgent ecological and environmental problems in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River were the water environment pollution,water ecosystem,heavy metal pollution,soil and wetlands destruction,organic pollution and biodiversity decrease issues..

Heuristics based semantic annotation of biodiversity documents in Chinese

Purpose: To design an efficient high-performance algorithm for semantic annotation of biodiversity documents in Chinese.Design/methodology/approach: Data set consists of 1,000 randomly selected documents from Flora of China. Comparative evaluation of the proposed approach with the Na ve Bayes algorithm have been developed before for the same purpose.Findings: Experimental results show that the heuristics based algorithm outperformed the Na ve Bayes algorithm. The use of leading words helped improving the annotation performance while prioritizing rule application based on their weights had no significant impact on algorithm performance.Research limitations: The ICTCLAS was used to identify word boundaries off-shelf without optimatization for biodiversity domain. This may have not made the best use of the tool.Practical implications & Originality/value: The performance of heuristics based approach,enhanced by leading words analysis, reached an F value of 0.9216, which is sufficiently accurate for practical use.

Measuring Similarity of Academic Articles with Semantic Profile and Joint Word Embedding

Long-document semantic measurement has great significance in many applications such as semantic searchs, plagiarism detection, and automatic technical surveys. However, research efforts have mainly focused on the semantic similarity of short texts. Document-level semantic measurement remains an open issue due to problems such as the omission of background knowledge and topic transition. In this paper, we propose a novel semantic matching method for long documents in the academic domain. To accurately represent the general meaning of an academic article, we construct a semantic profile in which key semantic elements such as the research purpose, methodology, and domain are included and enriched. As such, we can obtain the overall semantic similarity of two papers by computing the distance between their profiles. The distances between the concepts of two different semantic profiles are measured by word vectors. To improve the semantic representation quality of word vectors, we propose a joint word-embedding model for incorporating a domain-specific semantic relation constraint into the traditional context constraint. Our experimental results demonstrate that, in the measurement of document semantic similarity, our approach achieves substantial improvement over state-of-the-art methods, and our joint word-embedding model produces significantly better word representations than traditional word-embedding models.

Research on emotional space for movie and TV drama videos

Emotional space refers to a multi-dimensional emotional model that describes a group of subjective feelings or emotions. Since the existing discrete emotional space is mainly aimed at human’s primary emotions, it cannot describe the complex emotions evoked when watching movies. In order to solve this problem, an emotional fusion space for videos was constructed by selecting movies and TV dramas with rich emotional semantics as the research objects. Firstly, emotional words based on movie and TV drama videos are acquired and analyzed by using subjective evaluation and semantic analysis methods. Then, the emotional word vectors obtained from the above analysis are fused, reduced dimension by t-distributed stochastic neighbor embedding(t-SNE) algorithm, and clustered by bisecting K-means clustering algorithm to get a discrete emotional space for movie and TV drama videos. This emotional fusion space can obtain different categories by changing the value of the emotion classification number without re-labeling and calculation.

Research on the evolutionary characteristics of evaluation policies of Chinese science and technology talents

Science and technology talent evaluation is an important part of the talent development system and mechanism,and the state's emphasis on science and technology talent evaluation is reflect-ed in the national policy.This paper takes 49 policy documents on science and technology tal-ent evaluation issued by the state from 1978 to 2022 as the object,and uses policy text analysis,word frequency analysis and co-word network analysis to interpret the content of the policies.These policy texts are divided into four stages.200 high-frequency words were extracted from the policies in each stage after word segmentation was made,and the co-word matrixes and co-word networks were constructed for each stage.The research draws the following conclu-sions:1)The content of Chinese science and technology talent evaluation policies is gradually becoming concrete,and the concept of science and technology talent evaluation is gradually clear;2)The policies have transitioned from"scientific and technological development"to"sci-entific and technological innovation";3)The distribution of policies with different strengths is uneven;4)The cooperation between all departments involved in policy formulation is not e-nough.