Formulation of Work-Study Combined and Result-Oriented Integrated Curriculum Standards

According to the Annex Technical Regulations for Integrated Curriculum Development(Trial)in Document No.30 of the General Office of the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security(2012),this paper studies the formulation of the curriculum standards for the integration of Chinese medicinal materials production.We focus on the formulation ideas of the curriculum standards for the integration of Chinese medicinal materials production,the formulation process of the curriculum standards for the integration of Chinese medicinal materials production,including the description of typical work tasks,the determination of curriculum objectives,the analysis of study content,the description of referential study tasks,teaching implementation suggestions,assessment and evaluation suggestions,which can provide a reference for the development and research of other related integrated courses.

How Work Organization Affects the Prevalence of WMSDs: A Case-control Study

Objective In this study, we aimed at exploring the association between work-related musculoskeletal disorders（WMSDs） and work organization based on a case-control study. Methods A total of 1938 workers who claimed to suffer from WMSDs were selected from Beijing, Henan, Hubei, and the Guangdong province. The control group consisted of 2009 workers employed in similar industries without severe disease or musculoskeletal discomforts. We used a modified version of the questionnaire developed by the NMQ and the DMQ to investigate individual and work-related factors. Results A total of 13 variables（P〈0.1） were selected by the chi-square test and finally, 7 variables entered into the equation, with 6 variables reaching statistical significance（P〈0.05）. The odds ratios（OR） of ＇work changing with season＇ and ＇sufficient rest time＇ did not reach 1（0.749 and 0.441, respectively）. In addition, ＇sufficient rest time＇ seemed to be the stronger protective factor according to its higher standardized coefficient. And ＇repetitive work every minute＇, ＇constantly repetitive work＇（every day）, ＇shortage of site personnel＇, and ＇often switching shifts with others＇ seemed to be the risk factors. Conclusion Work organization may have comprehensive effects on the occurrence of WMSDs. This pattern of associations suggests that further investigation into the mechanism of how work organization affects the prevalence of WMSDs is required.

An Observational Study of the 30-50 Day Atmospheric Oscillations Part I: Structure and Propagation

Features of structure and propagation of the 30 to SO day atmospheric oscillations are investigated using the ECMWF analysis of 1980-1983. Evidence is provided to confirm the characteristics of the oscillation in the equatorial region. Those in the mid-high latitudes, however, are revealed to be very different from the tropics and pose a strong barotropic structure. Horizontal coherence shows teleconnection patterns which can be identified as EAP and PNA. The wind field of the specified time scale of the oscillation appears as long-lived vortices and vortex pairs. Mid-latitude perturbations propagate clearly westwards, especially during the winter season. In the high latitudes, they propagate westwards in the winter but eastwards in the summer. Meridional propagations are rather different from region to region.

Potential Toxicological and Cardiopulmonary Effects of PM2,5 Exposure and Related Mortality:Findings of Recent Studies Published during 2003-2013

Air pollution has environmental issue owing become a serious to its diverse harmful effects on the physical and biological environment. According to the Environmental Protection Agency （EPA） and the World Health Organization （WHO）, air pollution affects millions of people worldwide. Hundreds of thousands of deaths each year and a range of diseases, particularly among vulnerable groups （i.e., children, the elderly, and people with special medical conditions）, are attributed to air pollution. These effects are not always caused by single pollutant in the air; rather, they are considered consequences of the multi-pollutants to which people are simultaneously exposed.

Numerical study on three-dimensional flow field of continuously rotating detonation in a toroidal chamber

Gaseous detonation propagating in a toroidal chamber was numerically studied for hydrogen/oxygen/nitrogen mixtures. The numerical method used is based on the three-dimensional Euler equations with detailed finiterate chemistry. The results show that the calculated streak picture is in qualitative agreement with the picture recorded by a high speed streak camera from published literature. The three-dimensional flow field induced by a continuously rotating detonation was visualized and distinctive features of the rotating detonations were clearly depicted. Owing to the unconfined character of detonation wavelet, a deficit of detonation parameters was observed. Due to the effects of wall geometries, the strength of the outside detonation front is stronger than that of the inside portion. The detonation thus propagates with a constant circular velocity. Numerical simulation also shows three-dimensional rotating detonation structures, which display specific feature of the detonation- shock combined wave. Discrete burning gas pockets are formed due to instability of the discontinuity. It is believed that the present study could give an insight into the interest- ing properties of the continuously rotating detonation, and is thus beneficial to the design of continuous detonation propulsion systems.

An Observational Study of the 30-50 Day Atmospheric Oscillations Part II: Temporal Evolution and Hemispheric Interaction across the Equator

In this part, the temporal evolution and interaction across the equator of 30-50 day oscillation in the atmosphere are investigated further. The annual variation of 30-50 day oscillation is quite obvious in the mid-high latitudes. In the tropical atmosphere, the obvious interannual variation is an important property for temporal evolution of 30-50 day oscillation. The low-frequency wavetrain across the equator over the central Pacific and central Atlantic area, the movement of the long-lived low-frequency system across the equator and the meridional wind component across the equator will obviously show the interaction of 30-50 day oscillation in the atmosphere across the equator.

Experimental Study on Momentum Transfer of Surface Texture in Taylor-Couette Flow

The behavior of Taylor-Couette （TC） flow has been extensively studied. However, no suitable torque prediction models exist for high-capacity fluid machinery. The Eckhardt-Grossmann-Lohse （EGL） theory, derived based on the Navier-Stokes equations, is proposed to model torque behavior. This are the significant energy theory suggests that surfaces transfer interfaces between cylinders and annular flow. This study mainly focuses on the effects of surface texture on momentum transfer behavior through global torque measurement. First, a power-law torque behavior model is built to reveal the relationship between dimensionless torque and the Taylor number based on the EGL theory. Second, TC flow appa- ratus is designed and built based on the CNC machine tool to verify the torque behavior model. Third, four surface texture films are tested to check the effects of surface texture on momentum transfer. A stereo microscope and three-dimensional topography instrument are employed to analyze surface morphology. Global torque behavior is measured by rotating a multi component dynamometer, and the effects of surface texture on the annular flow behavior are observed via images obtained using a high-speed camera. Finally, torque behaviors under four differentsurface conditions are fitted and compared. The experi- mental results indicate that surface textures have a remarkable influence on torque behavior, and that the peak roughness of surface texture enhances the momentum transfer by strengthening the fluctuation in the TC flow.

Epidemiologic Study of Cancer Mortality among Chloroprene Workers

Both case-control and cohort studies were undertaken from July 1,1969 to June 30,1983 to ascertain whether exposure to chloroprene increases the risk of cancer.Fifty-five cases of cancer deaths were verified,16 of which had histories of exposure to chloroprene ranging from 3 to 23 years(median 11 years)with a latent period of 8-27 years,except for one case of 3 years(median 12.5 years).Fifty-four pairs were obtained by matching the cancer deaths to noncaneer deaths in accordance with strict requirements.The odds ratio for the paired data was 13,x^2=8.64,P <0.005.The average age at death from cancer of workers exposed to chloroprene was 12.7 years younger than that of unexposed workers,t'=2.98,P<0.001.The total cohort consisted of 1213 persons,among whom 149(11.6%)had histories of exposure for over 25 years,381(31.5%) for over 20 years,and 852(70.2%) for over 15 years.The SMR for the total cohort was 2.38(P <0.01),and all SMRs for the high-exposure occupations were of significance(P<0.05or P<0.01),in contrast to those of the low-exposure groups whose SMRs were low or zero.Thus, a dose-response relationship existed.Among the high-exposure occupations,maintenance me- chanics seem to have the highest risk of cancers,and SMRs for liver,lung,and lymphatic cancers were significant in this group.These results suggested that chloroprene exposure increases the risk of developing cancer.1989 Academic Press,Inc.

Preparation and spectroscopic, and thermal decomposition kinetic studies of europium(Ⅲ) complex [Eu(HNBD)_3] (HNBD: 1-(6-hydroxy-1-naphthyl)-1,3-butanedione)

The complex of Eu（IH） with 1-（6-hydroxy- 1-naphthyl）- 1,3-butanedione （HNBD） was prepared for the first time and characterized by elemental analysis, IR, UV, fluorescence spectrum, and DTA-TG-DTG techniques. The IR and UV-visible spectra showed that Eu（Ⅲ） ion was coordinated to the HNBD ligand. The fluorescence spectrum showed the presence of Eu^3＋ characteristic emission. The TG-DTA-DTG curves showed that the thermal decomposition of the anhydrous complex was a two-stage process and the final residue was Eu2O3. The thermal decomposition kinetic parameters of the complex were evaluated from TG-DTG data by using three kinds of integral methods （Coat-Redfem equation, Horowitz and Metzger equation, Madhusudanan-Krishnan-Ninan equation）. The kinetic parameters of the first stage are E^＊ = 164.02 kJ.moll, A = 1.31 × 10^15 s^-l, AS^＊= 42.27 J·K^-l·mol^-l, △H^＊ = 159.51 kJ·mol^-l, △G^＊= 136.54 kJ·mol^-l, and n = 3.1, those of the second stage are E^＊= 128.52 kJ·mol^-l, A = 1.44× 106 s^-1, △S^＊= - 136.89 J·K^-l·mol^-l, △H^＊ = 120.41 kJ·mol^-l, △G^＊= 283.85 kJ·mol^-l, and n = 1.1.

A Study of the Translation of Chinese Idioms from Selected Works of Mao Zedong

Based on the bilingual corpus of Selected Works of Mao Zedong from Shaoxing University,this paper intended to study the English Translation of Chinese Idioms of the anthology.By comparing the translation of the idioms in different contexts,this paper analyzes the factors influencing Chinese-to-English translation,discusses the methods and strategies for translating Chinese idioms into English,and summarizes innovative conclusions.In addition to improving English proficiency,the process can enhance the learning quality of Chinese and English,translation capability,English-Chinese comparative research ability,and benefit the spreading of time-honored Chinese culture.

China Experts to Study How leapfrogging' Strategy Will Work

In the 10th Five-Year Plan for National Economic and Social Development （2001-05）,the centralauthorities announced that Chinawill adopt a ’leapfrogging’tactic forits technological development. Butthe questions raised by Chinese sci-entists are:How this can

Decay Study of the Neutron-Rich Nucleus ^(175)Er

The decay of the neutron-rich erbium isotope 175Er is studied by using the reaction176Yb（n,2p）175Er.A partial decay scheme is proposed on the basis of X-γ and γ-γ coincidencemeasurements,taking into account eight observed gamma rays.A ground rotational band is as-signed to 175Tm.Some systematic behaviors of 1/2+[411] ground rotational bands in odd-Athulium are described.The experimental and calculated decoupling parameters of these bandsare compared.

Empirical Human Rights Studies Contribute to Building a Society Under the Rule of Law——Summary of the Fifth National Meeting for the Exchange of Work Experience Among Human Rights Research Institutions

From Nov. 5 to 6, 2013, the China Society for Human Rights Studies （CSHRS）held the Fifth National Meeting for the Exchange of Work Experience Among Human Rights Research Institutions at Wuhan University. More than 100 experts and scholars, focusing on empirical human rights studies and their contribution to building a society based on the rule of law, shared their work experience and discussed effective strategies. CSHRS President Luo Haocai, who served as vice chairman of the 10th National Committee of the Chinese People＇s Political Consultative Conference,

New Five-Year Program and Progress of China's Human Rights Cause——A study of the guidelines set by the Fifth Plenary Session of the Seventeenth Central Committee of the Communist Party of China

The Proposal for the Twelfth Five-Year Plan for China＇s Economic and Social Development （2011-2015）（herein after referred to as the ＂Proposed Plan＂ for short） provides a complete range of guidelines for China＇s im-mediate and long-term development.

高认同但低承诺--一项关于基层卫生人员工作态度的混合研究

目的:分析我国基层卫生人员职业认同和职业承诺的现状及其关系,为完善基层卫生人员激励机制、改善基层卫生人员工作态度提供政策建议。方法:采用多阶段整群抽样和目的抽样,对山东省青岛市、东营市和枣庄市的38家基层卫生机构870名卫生人员进行问卷调查,同时对175名卫生人员进行半结构式访谈。结果:基层卫生人员职业认同得分3.91±0.760、职业承诺得分2.35±1.031,职业认同高的人员比例(74.2%)远大于职业承诺高的人员比例(13.0%),工作压力在职业认同和职业承诺之间起调节作用。通过访谈和问卷结果,发现有20.3%的基层卫生人员存在高工作压力,四项主要工作压力源依次为:经济待遇(37.6%)、工作量(34.8%)、上级检查(29.6%)和职业发展前景(28.2%)。结论:基层卫生人员存在“高认同但低承诺”的矛盾工作态度,工作压力是导致这一矛盾的关键原因。应针对主要压力源采取干预措施来缓解其压力水平,促成“高认同”转化为“高承诺”,促进基层卫生人才队伍的可持续发展。

基于COMET职业评价模型的工学结合课程职业能力内涵及评价探索

为实现“培养什么人,怎样培养人,为谁培养人”的教育价值回归,积极推进职业教育的“提质培优”建设,分析培养对象作为“学习者、社会人、职业人、岗位者、筑梦人”五类属性的职业能力要求。基于COMET职业评价模型建立基于职业能力发展逻辑顺序的工学结合学习领域课程体系,以及专业能力加关键能力的项目任务型课程与课程职业能力评价规范性操作文件并例证。构建工学结合课程职业能力培养与评价体系,为高职课程教学质量提升提供了新参考。

潘光旦职业教育思想及其当代价值

“西学东渐”背景下的近代职业教育浪潮中,国内学者开启了大量的本土研究范式。社会学大家潘光旦的职业教育思考与众多学者迥异,并未将东西方职业教育差异看作是“传统”走向“现代”的线性进化进程,而是主张在国家形态和社会肌理的分析基础上将西方职业教育形态与中国“工”的文化传统形成互鉴与融合。他所提出的“通专结合”“工读兼营”和“扶持工的文化”等观点,不仅完成了本土化职业教育问题与实践的贯通性理解,也构成了当前职业教育理论研究的重要思想资源。

古代文学研究的新领域——中国文集日本写本的收藏、整理与研究

域外汉籍中存在着大量中国典籍的汉文写本。这些写本或为中国失传的文献,或与传世之本多有差异。域外汉文写本可以成为中国古代文学研究的新领域,其中中国文集日本写本与古代文学研究的关系最为密切。中国文集日本写本在日本公立图书馆、大学图书馆、公私文库、寺院以及个人手中皆有收藏。自江户时代开始,学者就已经注意到这批文献的价值,《佚存丛书》《古逸丛书》《京都帝国大学文学部景印旧钞本》等丛书中皆有收录。晚近以来,学术界对中国文集日本写本也进行了整理与研究,但仍有大量文献未进入研究视野。应尽快展开对中国文集日本写本全面的调查、编目与叙录,并从“东亚汉文写本学”与书籍史的角度对其进行整体研究,同时深入对五山时代中国文集汉文“抄物”写本的研究。