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Text Difficulty,Working Memory Capacity and Mind Wandering During Chinese EFL Learners’Reading
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作者 Xianli GAO Li LI 《Chinese Journal of Applied Linguistics》 2024年第3期433-449,525,共18页
This experimental study investigated how text difficulty and different working memory capacity(WMC)affected Chinese EFL learners’reading comprehension and their tendency to engage in task-unrelated thoughts,that is,m... This experimental study investigated how text difficulty and different working memory capacity(WMC)affected Chinese EFL learners’reading comprehension and their tendency to engage in task-unrelated thoughts,that is,mind wandering(MW),in the course of reading.Sixty first-year university non-English majors participated in the study.A two-factor mixed experimental design of 2(text difficulty:difficult and simple)×2(WMC:high/large and low/small)was employed.Results revealed that 1)the main and interaction effects of WMC and text difficulty on voluntary MW were significant,whereas those on involuntary MW were not;2)while reading the easy texts,the involuntary MW of high-WMC individuals was less frequent than that of low-WMC ones,whereas while reading the difficult ones,the direct relationship between WMC and involuntary MW was not found;and that 3)high-WMC individuals had a lower overall rate of MW and better reading performance than low-WMC individuals did,but with increasing text difficulty,their rates of overall MW and voluntary MW were getting higher and higher,and the reading performance was getting lower and lower.These results lend support to WM theory and have pedagogical implications for the instruction of L2 reading. 展开更多
关键词 text difficulty working memory capacity reading mind wandering voluntary mind wandering involuntary mind wandering reading comprehension
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Relationship between physical activity and specific working memory indicators of depressive symptoms in university students
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作者 Qun Zhao Xing Wang +6 位作者 Shu-Fan Li Peng Wang Xiang Wang Xin Xin Suo-Wang Yin Zhao-Song Yin Li-Juan Mao 《World Journal of Psychiatry》 SCIE 2024年第1期148-158,共11页
BACKGROUND The detection rate of depression among university students has been increasing in recent years,becoming one of the main psychological diseases that endangers their physical and mental health.According to st... BACKGROUND The detection rate of depression among university students has been increasing in recent years,becoming one of the main psychological diseases that endangers their physical and mental health.According to statistics,self-harm and suicide,for which there is no effective intervention,are the second leading causes of death.AIM To explore the relationship between different elements and levels of physical activity and college students’depression-symptom-specific working memory indicators.METHODS Of 143 college students were analyzed using the Beck Depression Self-Rating Scale,the Physical Activity Rating Scale,and the Working Memory Task.RESULTS There was a significant difference between college students with depressive symptoms and healthy college students in completing verbal and spatial working memory(SWM)tasks correctly(all P<0.01).Physical Activity Scale-3 scores were significantly and positively correlated with the correct rate of the verbal working memory task(r=0.166)and the correct rate of the SWM task(r=0.210)(all P<0.05).There were significant differences in the correct rates of verbal and SWM tasks according to different exercise intensities(all P<0.05)and different exercise durations(all P<0.05),and no significant differences in the correct rates of verbal and SWM tasks by exercise frequency(all P>0.05).CONCLUSION An increase in physical exercise among college students,particularly medium-and high-intensity exercise and exercise of 30 min or more,can improve the correct rate of completing working memory tasks. 展开更多
关键词 Physical activity Depression symptoms University students working memory
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Positive Effect of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation on Visual Verbal Working Memory in Patients with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder
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作者 Tomoko Uchida Daisuke Matsuzawa +7 位作者 Tadashi Shiohama Katsunori Fujii Akihiro Shiina Masamitsu Naka Katsuo Sugita Eiji Shimizu Naoki Shimojo Hiromichi Hamada 《Open Journal of Psychiatry》 2024年第4期334-346,共13页
Background: Working memory is an executive function that plays an important role in many aspects of daily life, and its impairment in patients with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) affects quality of li... Background: Working memory is an executive function that plays an important role in many aspects of daily life, and its impairment in patients with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) affects quality of life. The dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) has been a good target site for transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) due to its intense involvement in working memory. In our 2018 study, tDCS improved visual-verbal working memory in healthy subjects. Objective: This study examines the effects of tDCS on ADHD patients, particularly on verbal working memory. Methods: We conducted an experiment involving verbal working memory of two modalities, visual and auditory, and a sustained attention task that could affect working memory in 9 ADHD patients. Active or sham tDCS was applied to the left DLPFC in a single-blind crossover design. Results: tDCS significantly improved the accuracy of visual-verbal working memory. In contrast, tDCS did not affect auditory-verbal working memory and sustained attention. Conclusion: tDCS to the left DLPFC improved visual-verbal working memory in ADHD patients, with important implications for potential ADHD treatments. 展开更多
关键词 working memory Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation
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Working-memory training improves developmental dyslexia in Chinese children 被引量:7
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作者 Yan Luo Jing Wang +2 位作者 Hanrong Wu Dongmei Zhu Yu Zhang 《Neural Regeneration Research》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2013年第5期452-460,共9页
Although plasticity in the neural system underlies working memory, and working memory can be improved by training, there is thus far no evidence that children with developmental dyslexia can benefit from working-memor... Although plasticity in the neural system underlies working memory, and working memory can be improved by training, there is thus far no evidence that children with developmental dyslexia can benefit from working-memory training. In the present study, thirty dyslexic children aged 8-11 years were recruited from an elementary school in Wuhan, China. They received working-memory training including training in visuospatial memory, verbal memory, and central executive tasks. The difficulty of the tasks was adjusted based on the performance of each subject, and the training sessions lasted 40 minutes per day, for 5 weeks. The results showed that working-memory training significantly enhanced performance on the nontrained working memory tasks such as the visuospatial, the verbal domains, and central executive tasks in children with developmental dyslexia. More importantly, the visual rhyming task and reading fluency task were also significantly improved by training. Progress on working memory measures was related to changes in reading skills. These experimental findings indicate that working memory is a pivotal factor in reading development among children with developmental dyslexia, and interventions to improve working memory may help dyslexic children to become more proficient in reading. 展开更多
关键词 neural regeneration NEUROREHABILITATION developmental dyslexia working memory training visuospatial memory verbal memory central executive task visual rhyming task reading fluency task Chinese children brain function grants-supported paper photographs-containing paper neuroregeneration
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Working Memory Function in Chinese Dyslexic Children:A Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Study 被引量:2
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作者 朱冬梅 王晶 吴汉荣 《Journal of Huazhong University of Science and Technology(Medical Sciences)》 SCIE CAS 2012年第1期141-145,共5页
The deficiency theories of dyslexia are quite contradictory and the cross-cultural studies in recent years mainly focused on whether the dyslexics among cultures shared the same cognitive profile or just based on the ... The deficiency theories of dyslexia are quite contradictory and the cross-cultural studies in recent years mainly focused on whether the dyslexics among cultures shared the same cognitive profile or just based on the language.This study used Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (NIRS) imaging to measure the regional cerebral blood volume (BV) and the changes of cerebral activation in the left prefrontal cortex of 12 Chinese dyslexic children and their 12 age-matched normal controls during the Paced Vis-ual Serial Addition Test (PVSAT).Results showed that the scores of PVSAT of dyslexic children were significantly lower than those of the normal children (t=3.33,P<0.01).The activations of the left pre-frontal cortex in the normal group were significantly greater than those of dyslexic children (all P<0.01).Our results indicated that Chinese dyslexia had a general deficiency in working memory and this may be caused by the abnormal metabolic activity of brain blood volume in the left prefrontal cortex and the deficits in brain function might be the basis of neuropathology of Chinese dyslexia.Present study sup-ports the difference on brain activation of dyslexics from different languages may be caused by the same cognitive system related to reading. 展开更多
关键词 working memory Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Chinese dyslexia paced visual serial addi-tion test
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Low-level lead exposure effects on spatial reference memory and working memory in rats 被引量:1
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作者 Xinhua Yang Ping Zhou Yonghui Li 《Neural Regeneration Research》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2009年第1期72-76,共5页
BACKGROUND: Studies have demonstrated that lead exposure can result in cognitive dysfunction and behavior disorders. However, lead exposure impairments vary under different experimental conditions. OBJECTIVE: To det... BACKGROUND: Studies have demonstrated that lead exposure can result in cognitive dysfunction and behavior disorders. However, lead exposure impairments vary under different experimental conditions. OBJECTIVE: To detect changes in spatial learning and memory following low-level lead exposure in rats, in Morris water maze test under the same experimental condition used to analyze lead exposure effects on various memory types and learning processes. DESIGN AND SETTING: The experiment was conducted at the Animal Laboratory, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Science between February 2005 and March 2006. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and behavioral observations were performed. MATERIALS: Sixteen male, healthy, adult, Sprague Dawley rats were randomized into normal con-trol and lead exposure groups (n = 8). METHODS: Rats in the normal control group were fed distilled water, and those in the lead exposure group were fed 250 mL of 0.05% lead acetate once per day. At day 28, all rats performed the Morris water maze test, consisting of four phases: space navigation, probe test, working memory test, and visual cue test. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Place navigation in the Morris water maze was used to evaluate spatial learning and memory, probe trials for spatial reference memory, working memory test for spatial working memory, and visual cue test for non-spatial cognitive function. Perkin-Elmer Model 300 Atomic Absorption Spectrometer was utilized to determine blood lead levels in rats. RESULTS: (1) In the working memory test, the time to reach the platform remained unchanged between the control and lead exposure groups (F(1,1) = 0.007, P = 0.935). A visible decrease in escape latencies was observed in each group (P = 0.028). However, there was no significant difference between the two groups (F(1,1) = 1.869, P = 0.193). The working memory probe test demonstrated no change between the two groups in the time spent in the target quadrant during the working memory probe test (F(1,1) = 1.869, P = 0.193). However, by day 4, differences were observed in the working memory test (P 〈 0.01). (2) Multivariate repetitive measure and ANOVA in place navigation presented no significant difference between the two groups (F(1,1) = 0.579, P = 0.459). (3) Spatial probe test demonstrated that the time to reach the platform was significantly different between the two groups (F(1,1) = 4.587, P = 0.048), and one-way ANOVA showed no significant difference in swimming speed between the two groups (F(1,1) = 1.528, P = 0.237). (4) In the visual cue test, all rats reached the platform within 15 seconds, with no significant difference (F(1,1) = 0.579, P = 0.459). (5) During experimentation, all rats increased in body mass, but there was no difference between the two groups (F(1,1) = 0.05, P = 0.943). At day 28 of 0.05% lead exposure, the blood lead level was 29.72 μg/L in the lead exposure group and 5.86 μg/L in the control group (P 〈 0.01). CONCLUSION: The present results revealed low-level lead exposure significantly impaired spatial reference memory and spatial working memory, but had no effect on spatial learning. 展开更多
关键词 LEAD spatial learning reference memory working memory
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What emotion dimensions can affect working memory performance in healthy adults?A review 被引量:1
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作者 Tian-Ya Hou Wen-Peng Cai 《World Journal of Clinical Cases》 SCIE 2022年第2期401-411,共11页
Due to the critical roles of emotion and working memory in our daily activities,a great deal of attention has been given to how emotion influences working memory performance.Although the association between emotion an... Due to the critical roles of emotion and working memory in our daily activities,a great deal of attention has been given to how emotion influences working memory performance.Although the association between emotion and working memory is relatively well established,whether mood enhances or impairs working memory performance remains controversial.The present review provides a relatively representative overview of the research on the effect of different dimensions of emotion on working memory among healthy adults spanning a 30-year period.The findings show that the valence,arousal and motivational dimensions of emotion could all exert an impact on working memory performance.The impact of emotion on working memory might be modulated by task relevance,emotion type,working memory paradigms and individual differences.The vast majority of the studies regarding the effect of emotion on working memory performance focused on the impact of negatively valenced affect and yielded highly contradictory findings.The impacts of arousal and motivation on working memory have been less explored,and inconsistent findings have also been reported.Possible explanations are discussed.Considerable research on the effect of certain dimensions of emotion on working memory has suffered from a lack of control of other emotional dimensions,and different aspects of working memory have been investigated by various paradigms.Directions for further studies should include the exploration of specific dimensions of emotion on different aspects of working memory,with the other dimensions being well controlled. 展开更多
关键词 working memory EMOTION VALENCE AROUSAL MOTIVATION REVIEW
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Role of hippocampal dentate gyrus neurons in the protective effects of heat shock factor 1 on working memory
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作者 Min Peng Xiongzhao Zhu +2 位作者 Ming Cheng Xiangyi Chen Shuqiao Yao 《Neural Regeneration Research》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2011年第9期686-691,共6页
Increasing evidence suggests that heat shock factor 1 exerts endogenous protective effects on working memory under conditions of chronic psychological stress. However, the precise underlying mechanisms remain poorly u... Increasing evidence suggests that heat shock factor 1 exerts endogenous protective effects on working memory under conditions of chronic psychological stress. However, the precise underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. This study examined the protective factors affecting working memory in heat shock transcription factor 1 gene knockout mice. The results indicated that the number of correct T maze alternations decreased following mild chronic psychological stress in knockout mice. This change was accompanied by a decrease in neurogenesis and an increase in neuronal apoptosis in the hippocampal dentate gyrus. The number of correct T maze alternations was positively correlated with neurogenesis in hippocampal dentate gyrus, and negatively correlated with neuronal apoptosis. In wild type mice, no significant difference was detected in the number of correct T maze alternations or neuronal apoptosis in hippocampal dentate gyrus. These results indicate that the heat shock factor 1 gene has an endogenous protective role in working memory during mild chronic psychological stress associated with dentate gyrus neuronal apoptosis Moreover, dentate gyrus neurogenesis appears to participate in the protective mechanism. 展开更多
关键词 working memory T maze heat shock factor 1 chronic psychological stress dentate gyrus NEURONS APOPTOSIS NEUROGENESIS
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ASSESSING WORKING MEMORY IN REAL-LIFE SITUATIONS WITH FUNCTIONAL NEAR-INFRARED SPECTROSCOPY
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作者 TING LI LI LI +1 位作者 QINGMING LUO HUI GONG 《Journal of Innovative Optical Health Sciences》 SCIE EI CAS 2009年第4期423-430,共8页
Working memory is one of the most important functions in our brain,which has been widely studied with unreal-life measured technologies.A functional near-infrared spectroscopy(fNIRS)instrument with a portable and low-... Working memory is one of the most important functions in our brain,which has been widely studied with unreal-life measured technologies.A functional near-infrared spectroscopy(fNIRS)instrument with a portable and low-cost design is developed,which is capable of providing hemodynamic measurement associated with brain function in real-life situations.Using this instrument,we performed working memory studies involved in Chinese words encoding,verbal,and spatial stem recognition,which are mainly studied with other technologies.Our results show that fNIRS can well assess working memory activities,in comparison with the reported results mainly using other methodologies.Furthermore,we find that hemodynamic change in the prefrontal cortex during all working memory tasks is highly associated with subjects’behavioral data.fNIRS is shown to be a promising alternative to the current methodologies for studying or assessing functional brain activities in natural condition. 展开更多
关键词 Functional near-infrared spectroscopy(fNIRS) working memory prefrontal cortex(PFC) oxy-hemoglobin deoxy-hemoglobin
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Relationship among Eating Behavior, Effortful Control, and Working Memory in Female Young Adults
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作者 Katsumasa Momoi Kumiko Ohara +4 位作者 Yoshimitsu Okita Tomoki Mase Chiemi Miyawaki Tomoko Fujitani Harunobu Nakamura 《Health》 CAS 2016年第12期1187-1194,共9页
The management of eating behavior plays an important role in health maintenance. In this study, we investigated the relationship between eating behavior and effortful control in female young adults. Participants compl... The management of eating behavior plays an important role in health maintenance. In this study, we investigated the relationship between eating behavior and effortful control in female young adults. Participants completed the questionnaire measures of effortful control and eating behaviors and Stroop cognitive interference task. The results showed that restrained eating was positively correlated with activation control;emotional eating was negatively correlated with inhibitory control and attentional control;external eating was negatively correlated with inhibitory, activation, and attentional control. The scores for activation control and restrained eating were higher for participants with a low Stroop error rate than for those with a high Stroop error rate. These results indicate that restrained eating has a different association with effortful control than doing emotional and external eating. 展开更多
关键词 Executive Function working memory Effortful Control Eating Behavior
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EEG Correlations during a Working Memory Task with Emotional Stimuli in Girls with Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Secondary to Sexual Abuse
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作者 Araceli Sanz-Martin Ivette Calderón-Zepeda 《Journal of Behavioral and Brain Science》 2016年第12期509-529,共21页
Survivors of Child Sexual Abuse (CSA) can develop Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD), alterations in the prefrontal cortex, changes in electroencephalographic (EEG) activity, and lower performance on working memory... Survivors of Child Sexual Abuse (CSA) can develop Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD), alterations in the prefrontal cortex, changes in electroencephalographic (EEG) activity, and lower performance on working memory tasks. The aim of this study was to characterize brain electrical correlations in girls with PTSD secondary to CSA during a working memory task based on recognizing emotional facial stimuli. Girls aged 8 - 16 years old were evaluated: 12 with PTSD secondary to CSA, and 12 healthy girls with no history of abuse. EEG activity during a working memory task with emotional stimuli was recorded, and the inter- and intra-hemispheric correlations that assessed the functional connectivity among different cortical regions were analyzed. The PTSD group showed lower performance than controls on the working memory task while watching happy faces, while the EEG of this group showed greater intrahemispheric correlation among frontal areas and between frontal and posterior cortical regions. Also, the PTSD group had lower interhemispheric correlations between posterior temporal areas. The higher intrahemispheric correlation in the PTSD group could indicate that those girls used more brain areas when performing the task, likely because it required greater effort. The lower inter-posterior temporal correlation could be attributed to a reduction of the corpus callosum. 展开更多
关键词 Child Sexual Abuse PTSD working memory Emotional Stimuli EEG Correlation Early Stress
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Reserpine Improves Working Memory
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作者 Raghuraman Vasantharaja Ajeet Kumar +1 位作者 Ashok Kumar Jamuna R. Subramaniam 《Journal of Behavioral and Brain Science》 2016年第3期107-112,共6页
Despite exhaustive search, no drug is in sight for AD. Earlier, we reported that reserpine, an antihypertensive and antipsychotic drug, ameliorates Amyloid beta (Aβ-AD causing peptide) toxicity and confers several po... Despite exhaustive search, no drug is in sight for AD. Earlier, we reported that reserpine, an antihypertensive and antipsychotic drug, ameliorates Amyloid beta (Aβ-AD causing peptide) toxicity and confers several positive enhancements in the C. elegans model system. Here, we evaluate whether reserpine can provide protection against working memory and against AD in the mouse model. Reserpine (0.08 mg) was administered orally on alternate days to the non-Tg and accelerated Aβ deposition (at 2 months of age)and cognitive deficit (4 months of age) developing 5XFAD AD Tg mouse model expressing mutant human APP (3 familial mutations) and human Presenilin1(2 familial mutations) in the neurons, and follow their working memory for 2 months using the spontaneous Y-maze alteration behavioral paradigm. Reserpine enhanced working memory in non-Tg mice and improved the cognitive deficit in the 5XFAD AD Tg mice. Hence, reserpine can be considered for a detailed evaluation in the 3X Tg AD mouse model and a pilot study in AD patients. 展开更多
关键词 Alzheimer’s Disease Amyloid-β-Aβ RESERPINE Cognitive Deficits Transgenic Mice working memory
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Effects of Color on the Buildup and Resolution of Proactive Interference in Working Memory
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作者 Rong Liu Weichun Du +3 位作者 Lixuan Feng Chenyuan Zhao Fengxia Su Sixu Qiao 《Journal of Psychological Research》 2020年第4期10-17,共8页
The“color superiority effect”was confirmed by the research of color on forgetting,which showed that proactive interference(PI)has less impact on colored items than gray ones.Color could directly affect the buildup o... The“color superiority effect”was confirmed by the research of color on forgetting,which showed that proactive interference(PI)has less impact on colored items than gray ones.Color could directly affect the buildup of PI,leading to reduced levels of interference,or controlled processes that resolve PI.However,the effects of red and green on memory were inconsistent.Using Recent-Probes task,the current study explored how the red and green color influenced to the buildup phase(i.e.,200ms after the onset of probe)and resolution phase(i.e.800ms after the onset of probe)of PI.Results revealed that the reaction times of green words were significantly shorter than the red words under 200ms.There were no significant differences between the red and green words under 500ms and 800ms.It indicated that green might shortened the reaction times for the PI buildup,while red prolonged it.However,on the resolution phase of PI,green words were less effective than red words.These findings offered some new information for the underlying mechanisms that modulate the interactions between color and memory. 展开更多
关键词 COLOR Proactive interference Buildup and resolution phase working memory
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Computerized Training of Working Memory for Patients with Acquired Brain Injury
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作者 Lovisa Hellgren Kersti Samuelsson +1 位作者 Anna Lundqvist Bjorn Borsbo 《Open Journal of Therapy and Rehabilitation》 2015年第2期46-55,共10页
Background: Patients with acquired brain injury often experience impaired working memory (WM), a condition that can make everyday life activities and work difficult. Objectives: This study investigates the effects of ... Background: Patients with acquired brain injury often experience impaired working memory (WM), a condition that can make everyday life activities and work difficult. Objectives: This study investigates the effects of computerized WM training on WM skills, cognitive tests, activity performance and estimated health and whether the effects of computerized WM training can be attributed to sex or time since injury. Methods: Forty-eight patients with acquired brain injury underwent computerized WM training. Patients were tested by a neuropsychologist and interviewed by an occupational therapist just prior and 20 weeks after completion of training. Results: Patients who participated in computerized WM training significantly improved their WM skills shown in WM index, their neuropsychological test scores, and their self-estimated health scores. They also significantly improved their performance of individually defined WM-related everyday activities and their satisfaction with the performance of these activities. There was a significant difference in terms of WM index, WM-related daily activity performance, and satisfaction with respect to time since injury. Conclusion: Computerized WM training can improve cognitive and everyday performance for patients with acquired brain injury. Patients can improve their cognitive functions a long time after suffering a brain injury or disease. This effect is greater if WM training is used early in the rehabilitation. 展开更多
关键词 working memory Brain Injury REHABILITATION ADULTS
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A Study on the Correlation among FD-FI Cognitive Style,Working Memory Capacity and English Reading Performance among College EFL Learners
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作者 Yuhan Ge 《Journal of Contemporary Educational Research》 2021年第5期1-13,共13页
In the past few decades,there have been eminent interests in reading performance as essential means for language input.In view of that,extensive studies have been conducted to explore the factors that affect reading p... In the past few decades,there have been eminent interests in reading performance as essential means for language input.In view of that,extensive studies have been conducted to explore the factors that affect reading performance from various aspects.In the cognitive psychology field,some studies have examined the relationship between field dependent-field independent(FD-FI)cognitive styles and working memory capacity(WMC)on English reading,respectively.However,only limited studies focused on the correlation among FD-FI cognitive styles,WMC and English reading performance.Therefore,this study was conducted to explain these correlations.A total of 42 intermediate“English as Foreign Language”(EFL)learners participated in this study.In order to measure the learners’FD-FI cognitive style,WMC and English reading performance,the Cognitive Style Figures Test,reading span task and the International English Language Test System(IELTS)reading test were adopted,respectively.Data analyses such as Pearson’s correlation,independent sample t-test and two-way ANOVA were done using Statistical Package for the Social Science(SPSS)version 25.The results suggested a statistically significant correlation between FD-FI cognitive style and WM with English reading performance,respectively.The main effect of WM and FD-FI cognitive style is significant while the interaction between them is not significant in reading performance. 展开更多
关键词 FD-FI cognitive style working memory English reading performance
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Influence of Working Memory Capacity on the Frequency of Self-Repairs
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作者 Lilei Gao 《Journal of Contemporary Educational Research》 2021年第8期91-95,共5页
This article explored the influence of working memory capacity on the frequency of self-repairs.The narrative task and listening span task were used.Twenty post-graduate students participated in this study.Overall,the... This article explored the influence of working memory capacity on the frequency of self-repairs.The narrative task and listening span task were used.Twenty post-graduate students participated in this study.Overall,the results of this study illustrated that the working memory is a factor of self-repairs.Speakers who have higher working memory capacity produce lesser self-repairs.This finding provides teachers with a new insight into second language teaching;that is,teachers can improve the amount of lexical knowledge when teaching students who have lower working memory in order to help them produce more accurate language during the process of L2 speech production. 展开更多
关键词 SELF-REPAIR working memory capacity
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Theta Oscillations Support Prefrontal-hippocampal Interactions in Sequential Working Memory
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作者 Minghong Su Kejia Hu +6 位作者 Wei Liu Yunhao Wu Tao Wang Chunyan Cao Bomin Sun Shikun Zhan Zheng Ye 《Neuroscience Bulletin》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2024年第2期147-156,共10页
The prefrontal cortex and hippocampus may support sequential working memory beyond episodic memory and spatial navigation.This stereoelectroencephalography(SEEG)study investigated how the dorsolateral prefrontal corte... The prefrontal cortex and hippocampus may support sequential working memory beyond episodic memory and spatial navigation.This stereoelectroencephalography(SEEG)study investigated how the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex(DLPFC)interacts with the hippocampus in the online processing of sequential information.Twenty patients with epilepsy(eight women,age 27.6±8.2 years)completed a line ordering task with SEEG recordings over the DLPFC and the hippocampus.Participants showed longer thinking times and more recall errors when asked to arrange random lines clockwise(random trials)than to maintain ordered lines(ordered trials)before recalling the orientation of a particular line.First,the ordering-related increase in thinking time and recall error was associated with a transient theta power increase in the hippocampus and a sustained theta power increase in the DLPFC(3–10 Hz).In particular,the hippocampal theta power increase correlated with the memory precision of line orientation.Second,theta phase coherences between the DLPFC and hippocampus were enhanced for ordering,especially for more precisely memorized lines.Third,the theta band DLPFC→hippocampus influence was selectively enhanced for ordering,especially for more precisely memorized lines.This study suggests that theta oscillations may support DLPFC-hippocampal interactions in the online processing of sequential information. 展开更多
关键词 Sequential working memory Hippocampus Dorsolateral prefrontal cortex Theta oscillations Stereoelectroencephalography(SEEG) Phase coherence Granger causality
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Progressive paradoxical sleep deprivation impairs partial memory following learning tasks in rats 被引量:4
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作者 Chunmin Zhu Xiangrong Yao +2 位作者 Weisheng Zhang Yanfeng Song Yiping Hou 《Neural Regeneration Research》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2008年第6期598-603,共6页
BACKGROUND: Complex learning tasks result in a greater number of paradoxical sleep phases, which can improve memory. The effect of paradoxical sleep deprivation, induced by "flower pot" technique, on spatial refere... BACKGROUND: Complex learning tasks result in a greater number of paradoxical sleep phases, which can improve memory. The effect of paradoxical sleep deprivation, induced by "flower pot" technique, on spatial reference memory and working memory require further research. OBJECTIVE: To observe the effect of progressive paradoxical sleep deprivation in rats, subsequent to learning, on memory using the Morris Water Maze. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING: Controlled observation experiment. The experiment was performed at the Laboratory of Neurobiology, Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University from December 2006 to October 2007. MATERIALS: Twenty-eight, male, Wistar rats, 3-4 months old, were provided by the Experimental Animal Center of Lanzhou University. The Morris Water Maze and behavioral analyses system was purchased from Genheart Company, Beijing, China. METHODS: All animals, according to a random digits table, were randomly divided into paradoxical sleep deprivation, tank control, and home cage control groups. Paradoxical sleep deprivation was induced by the "flower pot" technique for 72 hours, housing the rats on small platforms over water. Rats in the "tank control" and "home cage control" groups were housed either in a tank with large platforms over the water or in normal cages without paradoxical sleep deprivation. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Morris Water Maze was employed for task learning and spatial memory testing. Rats in all groups were placed at six random starting points each day for four consecutive days. Each placement was repeated for two trials; the first trial represented reference memory and the second working memory. Rats in the first trial were allowed to locate the submerged platform within 120 seconds. Data, including swimming distance, escape latency, swimming velocity, percentage of time in correct quarter, and memory scores were recorded and analyzed automatically by behavioral analyses systems for Morris Water Maze. RESULTS: Twenty-eight rats were included in the final analysis, without any loss. In the first trial, between day 2 and 4, escape latency and swimming distance increased significantly in the paradoxical sleep deprivation group compared to the home cage control and tank control groups (P 〈 0.01); percentage of time in correct quarter and memory scores, however, decreased in the paradoxical sleep deprivation group compared to the home cage control and tank control groups (P 〈 0.01). The escape latency, swimming distance, percentage of time in correct quarter, and memory scores in the second trial was not significantly different among the three groups (P 〉 0.05). CONCLUSION: Paradoxical sleep deprivation inhibits spatial reference memory, but not working memory. 展开更多
关键词 paradoxical sleep deprivation Morris Water Maze spatial reference memory working memory
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Impact of θ-burst stimulation on memory mechanism:modeling study 被引量:2
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作者 Yating ZHU Rubin WANG Yihong WANG 《Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition)》 SCIE EI CSCD 2016年第3期395-402,共8页
The information stored in working memory can be transformed into the system of long-term memory due to the long-term potential (LTP) mechanism. The 8- burst stimulation (TBS) can be used as an LTP induction protoc... The information stored in working memory can be transformed into the system of long-term memory due to the long-term potential (LTP) mechanism. The 8- burst stimulation (TBS) can be used as an LTP induction protocol in some experiments, but it has not been used in the models related to memory. In this work, an improved Camperi-Wang (C-W) model with the Ca2+ subsystem-induced bistability is adopted, and the TBS is simulated to be the initial stimuli of this model. With the evolution of the effects of the stimuli properties such as the cycle, the amplitude, and the duty ration on the memory mechanism of this model, the TBS can be adopted to activate working memory models and produce long-term memory. The study helps to propose the relationship between working memory and long-term memory, which lays a theoretical basis for the study of the neural mechanism of long-term memory. 展开更多
关键词 θ-burst stimulation (TBS) long-term potential (LTP) working memory long-term memory
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Brain activation regions in schizophrenia patients performing the game piece memory task 被引量:1
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作者 Daxing WU Huifang Yin +3 位作者 Lirong Yan Changlian Tan Dewen Hu Shuqiao Yao 《Neural Regeneration Research》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2009年第2期98-105,共8页
BACKGROUND: Go, a traditional Chinese chess-like game, requires many unknown functions of the brain including attention, imaging, problem solving and processing of spatial working memory. To date, it remains uncertai... BACKGROUND: Go, a traditional Chinese chess-like game, requires many unknown functions of the brain including attention, imaging, problem solving and processing of spatial working memory. To date, it remains uncertain whether the intellectual activities required to play Go are related to the frontal lobe. OBJECTIVE: To investigate various patterns of brain region activity while schizophrenic patients and normal subjects engaged in memorizing piece placement in the Chinese game of Go. Spatial working memory was measured in order to validate whether the prefrontal lobe participates in this memory process. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING: Non-randomized, concurrent control trial was performed at Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, between May and December 2004. PARTICIPANTS: A total of nine Chinese schizophrenic patients with no brain or bodily diseases and not undergoing electroshock treatment, who were in accordance with the DSM-Ⅳ criteria for schizophrenia, as well as thirteen healthy staffs and students with matched age, sex, and education were included. Patients and control subjects had no neurological disorders or mental retardation. In addition, all participants were right-handed. METHODS: The cognitive task for functional magnetic resonance imaging was a block design experiment. Both groups were asked to remember the placement of pieces in the Chinese game of Go on a computer screen. A brain activation map was analyzed in SPM99. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Brain responses were compared with regard to activation region size, volume, and asymmetry indices. RESULTS: Compared with the control group, the reaction time was significantly delayed in schizophrenics performing the working memory task (P 〈 0.05). When performing the tasks, normal subjects showed significant activation of the bilateral dorsolateral prefrontal lobe with left dominance; the asymmetry indices were: frontal lobe, +0.32; temporal lobe, 0.58; parietal lobe, 0.41 ; and occipital lobe, 0.34. On the other hand, schizophrenics showed right dominance and had a broader activation region of the prefrontal lobe (asymmetry indices: frontal lobe, 0.10; temporal lobe, +0.38; parietal lobe, +0.24; and occipital lobe, 0.00). When comparing the normal group subtracted with the schizophrenic group, no significant lateralization was found in the frontal lobes but significant activation was found in the left anterior central gyrus, left middle frontal gyrus and in both sides of the cingulate gyrus. Comparing the schizophrenic group subtracted with the normal group, there was significant right lateralization of the frontal lobe and abnormally activated regions on both sides of the anterior central gyrus, middle frontal gyrus, left inferior frontal gyrus, right medial frontal gyrus and the right insular lobe. CONCLUSION: Different brain activation regions are involved in memorizing the placement of pieces in Chinese Go between schizophrenia and healthy subjects. Schizophrenics showed right dominance and border activation range, indicating that the prefrontal cortex plays an important role in memory information processing and resource allocation when remembering piece placement in the game of Go. 展开更多
关键词 SCHIZOPHRENIA prefrontal cortex Chinese game of Go spatial working memory functional magnetic resonance imaging
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