Training and Recommendations on the Lower Limbs Explosive Force of Juvenile Amateur Men Sprinters

Based on the characteristics of physiological development of China's juvenile men sprinters,combined with the training mechanism of explosive force,and taking the track- and- field team of Jianshan High School in Chongqing as experimental object,this article selects the combination of one leg training methods and the combination of two legs training methods to carry out group control experiment. The result shows: each index score of the two groups of athletes is improved after training,but the characteristics of employing forces and the way of muscle work in one leg jumping exercises such as the one leg jump and step are much closer to sprint techniques. And using this kind of methods can effectively develop the special quality of juvenile sprinter.

AN ANALYSIS OF THE MAIN TECHNIQUE OF THE SIX WORLD WOMEN 100-METER SPRINTERS

This article analyses the main parameters of the technique of the six world elite women 100-meter sprinters.The analysis shows the main characteristics of the technique for reference in training our national women sprinters.

徕卡SPRINTER系列数字水准仪计算程序的开发应用

由于徕卡新型数字水准仪SPRINTER系列没有配有计算程序,因此通过一系列的实践探索,从水准仪数据传输入手,开发出该型数字水准仪的计算程序,使它从光学到数字、从手动到自动,大大提高了作业效率和测量精度。

徕卡Sprinter数字水准仪观测数据处理程序设计与应用

徕卡Sprinter数字水准仪具有高稳定性和可靠性、简单易用,广泛地用于较低等级的水准测量和建筑施工放样等工作中,但是其随机软件并没有提供观测成果的标准化提取和自动计算功能.通过分析Sprinter数字水准仪观测文件的数据格式,讨论了观测数据提取的原理和方法,选择VISUAL BASIC 6.0作为开发工具,编制了观测数据处理程序,并应用于生产实践.

数字水准仪SPRINTER 200M的试验与评述

本文介绍了SPRINTER200M数字水准仪的基本参数和特点,对SPRINTER、NA、DNA三个系列数字水准仪的参数进行了比较,给出了SPRINTER200M初步试用情况及测试结果。

徕卡SPRINTER系列数字水准仪的测量原理

徕卡新型数字水准仪SPRINTER系列的条码尺采用13种宽度不同的黑条码,将这13种黑条码按其中心间隔为10 mm或15 mm的方式排列。仪器进行解码时,不仅利用了连续3个黑条码,而且也利用了这3个黑条码之间的间隔。这种编码方法可以进一步提高仪器抗干扰的能力。研究结果表明,3个非连续的条码仪器不能够确定测量结果,这与厂家的标示不同。

The Development Strategies of Foreign Language and Literature Discipline in China under the Background of“Building World-Class Universities and Disciplines”

“TheActionPlanforBuildingWorld-ClassUniversitiesandDisciplines”isasignificantplaninthedevelopmentofChinahighereducation,anditoffersopportunitiesandchallengesforthedisciplineofforeignlanguageandliterature.Bymeansofliteraturereview,thispaperdiscussestheconnotationofworld-classuniversityanddiscipline,andtheconnotationanddevelopmentstrategiesofworld-classforeignlanguageandliteraturediscipline,soastogivesomeenlightenmenttothebuildingofworld-classuniversitiesanddisciplines,andthedevelopmentofforeignlanguageandliteraturediscipline.Onthebasisofreviewingrelevantresearchbothathomeandabroad,thisstudyfirstpointsoutthatworldclassuniversityinvolvesworld-classstudents,teachersandresearchers,academicresearch,universitymanagementandsocialservices,amongwhichstudents,faculty,andresearcharethecorecomponents.Second,thisstudyclaimsthatworld-classdisciplineismainlyembodiedinthequalityoftalents,research,facultyandservices。

Building A World-Class Water Research Institution——In Celebration of the 80^(th) Anniversary of NHRI

On the occasion of the 80th anniversary of Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute （NHRI） in 2015, NHRI would like to express its cordial gratitude and high respect to leaders at all levels, domestic and overseas alumni and people from all walks of life who have shown concem for and provided support to the construction and development of NHRI over the long term.

Building A World-Class Water Research Institution —— In Celebration of the 80^(th) Anniversary of NHRI

On the occasion of the 80^th anniversary of Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute（NHRI）in 2015,NHRI would like to express its cordial gratitude and high respect to leaders at all levels,domestic and overseas alumni and people from all walks of life who have shown concern for and provided support to the construction and development of NHRI over the long term.

Yuxi Cigarets Factory Strives to Be A World-Class Enterprise

The Yuxi Cigarets Factory is located in Hongtashan in Yuxi, Yun’nan Province. Established in 1956, the factory is now the country’s biggest modern cigaret enterprise with more than 4,000 employees and fixed assets worth RMB600. With more than 100 pieces of world advanced production equipment and high-quality tobacco production bases, the factory produces eight brands including Yuxi, Hongtashan,

Enlightenment from Development Experience of World-Class Universities in Foreign Inland Regions

Only a few world-class universities are in inland regions.The development of inland universities is restricted by many factors,which is especially true in the construction of universities of the Double First Class initiative in China’s western inland regions.①To learn more about how this situation evolved,we conducted research focused on world-class inland universities in foreign countries to sort out their experiences during their development.Through literature reviews and online surveys,we found that the development of such universities is restricted by the economic and social environment of the cities and regions in which they are located.Further,these universities are good at seizing historic development opportunities to actively advance internal reform and fully integrate into regional economic and social development.As a result,they have made great contributions to talent training and scientific research.They have also enhanced their strength and international influence in the process of coordinated development with their region.Therefore,we suggest universities in western China draw on such experience to grow into double first-class universities.Specifically,they should closely follow major national and regional strategies and comprehensively integrate into regional economic and social construction to seek opportunities by taking full advantage of local development.They should also continuously deepen institutional and systematic restructuring to unleash their vitality and potential in education management and development and focus on major projects to expand influence in their regions.

World-Class Dispatching Management Practices Featured by KPIs Centered Self-Adaptive Management Process

This paper builds a self-adaptive management process in the power system dispatching area, aiming to effectively monitor the grid operation, dynamically adjust control strategy, optimize working process and ensure the continuous improvement of operational performance. By building a negative feedback and dynamic balanced management mechanism, ECPRCB （East China Power Regulation Center Branch） is able to keenly sense the internal and external changes, efficiently coordinate all kinds of resources and improve the operational performance. As a result, self-adaptive management effectively boosts ECPRCB to reach the goal of being a world-class dispatching center with high operational performance, competent internal operation, adequate resources support and strong growth motion.

优利讯数据存储事业部再次向Matsushito提供用于生产DVD-RAM的DVD Sprinter设备

2003年7月——问世不到3年,DVD Sprinter溅镀系统已经成为了业内生产DVD光盘和各种可擦写光盘的标准生产平台,在全球已有100多套已投入使用。

Institute of Policy and Management: Aiming at the Ranks of World-class Think Tanks

Established on June 26, 1986 by the consolidation of four former CAS subordinates (namely,the Office of Policy Research, Division of Management Science, Editorial Department of the Journal of Dialectics of Nature, and Section of Optimization and Overall Planning under the CAS Institute of Applied Mathematics), the Institute of Policy and Management (IPM), CAS, is characterized by interdisciplinary studies of social and natural sciences. It applies itself to theoretical, methodological and applied research into national strategies, policies and management for S&T development. It also provides consultancy services for government departments, local authorities and CAS on issues concerning S&T development, social and economic growth, S&T management and administration of enterprises.……

短跑运动员单腿跳跃时下肢偏侧性研究

目的探讨短跑运动员单腿跳跃通过不同高度障碍物时下肢差异。方法采用三维动作捕捉系统和测力台,同步采集分析20名短跑运动员优势腿和非优势腿在跳跃3种高度障碍物落地缓冲阶段时的下肢运动学和动力学等参数。结果1)触地时刻,下肢两侧踝关节和髋关节角度呈显著性差异(p<0.05)。2)落地缓冲阶段,下肢两侧髋关节内/外活动范围、内—外侧、前—后侧位移、踝关节背屈力矩峰值和踝关节功率峰值呈显著性差异(p<0.05);15 cm与45 cm高度相比,踝关节屈/伸活动范围、COP前后侧位移、髋关节屈肌力矩峰值和vGRF存在显著性差异(p<0.05)。3)GRF与平均负载率对称指数大于10%。结论单腿跳跃时,优势腿采取主动缓冲的落地策略,非优势腿则表现为被动对抗落地冲击;下肢两侧存在偏侧性,建议通过单侧训练,提高非优势腿稳定性和运动表现,减少不对称性的影响。

短跑运动员跳跃不同高度障碍物落地阶段下肢关节生物力学差异分析

目的:探究跳跃不同高度障碍物对短跑运动员落地阶段膝关节损伤风险的影响。方法:招募19名短跑运动员,采用三维动作捕捉系统QUALISYS和KISTLER测力台,同步采集运动员跳跃障碍落地阶段下肢各关节运动学、动力学参数。结果:与跳跃60 cm高障碍物相比,跳跃75 cm高障碍物落地阶段踝关节和髋关节角速度显著增加(P<0.05);跳跃90 cm高障碍物落地阶段踝、膝和髋关节角速度、膝关节能量耗散百分比,股髌关节力和股髌关节应力,以及地面反作用力合力峰值显著增加(P<0.05)。结论:随着跳跃障碍物高度的增加,运动员采取更为主动的落地方式,通过增大膝关节屈曲幅度和降低膝关节刚度来缓冲落地带来的冲击负荷,减小膝关节损伤风险;跳跃90 cm高障碍物落地阶段,会使股髌关节应力和膝关节能量耗散增加,运动员股髌关节损伤风险也在提高。建议:加强对臀大肌、臀中肌、股四头肌和腘绳肌等肌群的训练,增强髋关节和膝关节处肌肉力量,以减少关节压力。

100m短跑的科学化训练方法研究

该文对100 m短跑的科学化训练方法进行了深入研究。研究认为,100 m短跑训练中的问题现状主要包括训练理念和方法落后、运动员体能和技能不足、缺乏科学的训练计划和评估体系等。在分析了运动员的身体素质、技能水平、心理状态等因素的基础上,该文提出了科学化训练实施方法,旨在为运动员提供有益的参考,帮助运动员提高短跑成绩。

呼吸肌阻力训练对百米运动员体能训练中肺功能的影响研究

目的:探究呼吸肌阻力训练对百米运动员体能训练中肺功能的影响。方法:随机抽取观察组和对照组各48名百米运动员,进行为期一定时间的呼吸肌阻力训练。研究结果:①呼吸肌阻力训练对百米运动员的肺功能有显著提升,尤其是在一秒用力呼气容积(FEV1)方面,观察组的改善效果明显优于对照组。②呼吸肌阻力训练对百米运动员的生活质量也产生了积极影响,观察组的改善效果明显优于对照组。③呼吸肌阻力训练显著减少了百米运动员肺不张和气胸的发生率。研究结论:呼吸肌阻力训练对百米运动员的肺功能、生活质量和并发症的影响均表现出积极走向,为运动员和教练提供了一种可行的训练手段,有望降低并发症的风险,提升运动员的整体表现和健康水平。

不同形式诱导的PAP对短跑运动员下肢等长肌力的影响研究

该研究旨在探讨不同形式诱导的激活后增强效应(PAP)对短跑运动员下肢等长肌力的影响。通过实验法,以12名男性短跑运动员为实验对象,分别进行45%1RM、120 mmHg加压血流限制结合45%1RM、80%1RM的负重半蹲练习,收集各时间段内的测试结果。结果显示:在120 mmHg加压血流限制结合45%1RM负荷干预下,受试者下肢等长肌力(前群)成绩要优于45%1RM负荷下的成绩,在第7分钟成绩相差最大,P<0.05,具有显著性差异;与45%1RM相比,在80%1RM负荷下,受试者在第1分钟的成绩就有较高提高,P<0.01,具有非常显著性差异,之后在第7分钟成绩相差最大,P<0.01,具有非常显著性差异;120 mmHg加压血流限制结合45%1RM与80%1RM负荷干预相比,实验后各恢复时间点的等长肌力(前群)成绩均无显著性差异;与45%1RM相比,在120 mmHg加压血流限制结合45%1RM负荷干预下,受试者下肢等长肌力(后群)成绩在第7分钟至第16分钟要优于45%1RM等长肌力(后群),但整体P>0.05,不具有显著性差异;在80%1RM负荷干预下,受试者第10至13分钟成绩与45%1RM成绩相差最大,P<0.05,具有显著性差异;与120 mmHg加压血流限制结合45%1RM相比,在80%1RM负荷下,受试者下肢等长肌力(后群肌)成绩更优,但从实验后各恢复时间点来看,两种负荷下的成绩P>0.05,无显著性差异。该研究为短跑运动员的训练提供了理论依据,教练员可根据运动员的具体情况和训练目标,选择合适的负荷干预方式,以提高其运动表现。