Alleviating effects of dehydration under no hyperthermia on the immunomodulatory response to the polysaccharide fraction from fu-ling （Poria cocos） in male collegiate wrestlers

Background It is well known that dehydration can impair bodily functions. To evaluate the impact of hydration status under ambient environmental temperature on the immune system, 25 male collegiate wrestlers were recruited to undergo an experimental dehydration program.Methods Thirteen subjects had controlled diets with individual energy requirements to prevent body mass loss and restricted water intake to cause 4.52% dehydration; they formed the dehydrated group （DE）. These subjects developed a urine specific gravity of about 1.030 in 84 hours. Twelve other subjects had no water restriction and maintained their total body weight comprised the euhydrated group （EU）. Peripheral blood monocytes （PBMNC） were isolated after dehydration to perform immune response testing by being incubated with a polysaccharide fraction from fu-ling, Poria cocos （polysaccharide fraction from Poria cocos, PCPS, 1-30 μg/L）, to prepare a conditioned medium termed conditioned medium of PBMNC stimulated by PCPS （PCPS-MNC-CM）. More PCPS （25 μg/L） was needed in the DE group to prepare the PCPS-MNC-CM, which was assayed with a growth inhibitory curve for treated U973 cells.Results The treated U937 cells, incubated together with PCPS-MNC-CM from the DE group, exhibited a much lower nitroblue tetrazolium （NBT） positive value of （63.7±4.7）%. The concentration of interferon-gamma （IFN-Y）, interleukin （IL）-1β and tumor necrosis factor （TNF）-α in PCPS-MNC-CM from subjects after dehydration was much lower than in the CM from the EU group.Conclusion The immune response to PCPS in the DE group was lower than in normally hydrated subjects.

Innovation of New Techniques in Freestyle&Greco-Roman Wrestling

The present research is about learning&performing term of new innovated techniques and further effects on selected/experienced wrestlers in age level of adolescents and adults at Tehran city with regard to new rules&regulations in wrestling.Firstly after describing of techniques,all wrestlers reached a suitable body readiness through various physical exercises.Then after complete learning and performing of mental experiences,they could implement the concerned techniques as professional as possible.Since they should be performed in compliance with new rules of wrestling within short terms and with minimum energy consumption,they are really profitable for all wrestlers at professional levels as well.

Wrestling： Glory of India at the Olympics--A Brief History of Indian Wresting Team in the Olympic Games

Wrestling as an Olympic sport has been around since the dawn of modem Olympic games and India is a participating nation in it. Wrestling has unique position among Olympic disciplines in India, from being provider of first individual medal to newly independent nation to lately becoming most significant contributor in medal tally. This coming of age of Indian wrestling team with double medal tally in the last Olympics has been outcome of long and steady journey of Indian wrestling team over a period of 40-50 years and numerous Summer Olympic Games. However, this journey of Indian wrestling team in the Olympics is also a stoW of significant twist and turn, near misses and also of glow. So this article covers the entire saga of Indian wrestlers at highest sporting event of world--Olympic Games, from inception of first Indian team of mere three grapplers to latest Olympics with debut of first Indian female grappler in Olympic arena. This history is written by sweat and hard work of Indian grapplers with its own highs and lows.

Anterior mediastinal abscess diagnosed in a young sumo wrestler after closed blunt chest trauma

Most mediastinal abscesses result from infections after thoracotomy, esophageal perforation or pene- trating chest trauma. This disease is rarely caused by closed blunt chest trauma. All previously reported such cases after closed blunt chest trauma presented with hematoma and sternal osteomyelitis resulting from sternal fracture. Here we report a 15-year-old sumo wrestler who presented with an anterior mediastinal abscess without any mediastinal fracture. The mediastinal abscess resulted from the he- matogenous spread of Staphylococcus aureus to a hematoma that might have been caused by a closed blunt chest trauma incurred during sumo wrestling exercises.

Zhong Xiu'e, A Wrestler

THE Chinese like to say: "A person who does not worry does not grow up." It means that a mature person will always take a more realistic view of the future and not be blindly optimistic. "If there used to be a yard of difference between foreign countries and us, it’s only three