The insecticide chlorantraniliprole exhibits good efifcacy and plays an important role in controlling the diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella Linnaeus. However, resistance to chlorantraniliprole has been observed re...The insecticide chlorantraniliprole exhibits good efifcacy and plays an important role in controlling the diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella Linnaeus. However, resistance to chlorantraniliprole has been observed recently in some ifeld populations. At present study, diamondback moths with resistance to chlorantraniliprole （resistant ratio （RR） was 82.18） for biochemical assays were selected. The assays were performed to determine potential resistance mechanisms. The results showed that the selected resistant moths （GDLZ-R） and susceptible moth could be synergized by known metabolic inhibitors such as piperonyl butoxide （PBO）, triphenyl phosphate （TPP） and diethyl-maleate （DEM） at different levels （1.68-5.50-fold and 2.20-2.89-fold, respectively）, and DEM showed the maximum synergism in both strains. In enzymes assays, a high level of glutathione-S-transferase （GST） was observed in the resistant moth, in contrast, moths that are susceptible to the insecticide had only 1/3 the GST activity of the resistant moths. The analysis of short-term exposure of chlorantraniliprole on biochemical response in the resistant strain also showed that GST activity was signiifcantly elevated after exposure to a sub-lethal concentration of chlorantraniliprole （about 1/3 LC50, 12 mg L-1） 12 and 24 h, respectively. The results show that there is a strong correlation between the enzyme activity and resistance, and GST is likely the main detoxiifcation mechanism responsible for resistance to chlorantraniliprole in P. xylostella L., cytochrome P450 monooxygenase （P450） and carboxy-lesterase （CarE） are involved in to some extent.展开更多
[Objective] To evaluate the control effect of yellow sticky cards and sex pheromone on Plutella xylostella and Liriomyza spp.,which can provide reference for large area extension of the technique.[Method] The integrat...[Objective] To evaluate the control effect of yellow sticky cards and sex pheromone on Plutella xylostella and Liriomyza spp.,which can provide reference for large area extension of the technique.[Method] The integrated assessment of trapping efficiency of colored sticky cards and sex pheromone on Liriomyza spp.and Plutella xylostella was conducted by field surveys and structured interview in Tonghai County,Yunnan Province,China.[Result] The results showed that yellow sticky cards and sex pheromone have strong power of trapping Liriomyza spp.and Plutella xylostella（3 414±720 and（219±157） head/piece,respectively）;the control cost by the usage of pesticide is the highest,（10 099.5±2 752.5） yuan/hm^2,yellow sticky cards and sex pheromone takes the second place,（1 125.0±465.0） yuan/hm^2,the control cost by the usage of yellow sticky cards is the lowest,（450.0 ±186.0）yuan/hm^2.Without the usage of yellow sticky cards and sex pheromone,pesticide application times and costs are（15.0±2.7） times and（12 070.5±2 136.0） yuan/hm^2;combined with usage of yellow sticky cards and sex pheromone,pesticide application times and costs reduce by 5.7 times and 4 618.5 yuan/hm^2.The ratio of trapped beneficial insects and target pests was 1 ∶1 131,which showed that the negative effect of yellow sticky cards and sex pheromone on the non-target insects was very limited.[Conclusion] The trapping approach has become popular among all the local farmers.Looking at the above factors,the trapping technology has strong application prospect and promotion value in pest control field.展开更多
The resistance of field populations of Plutella xylostella, from the three vegetable producing areas （Nianyuxu Town of Yueyang City, Canggang Town of Changde City and Shatou Town of Yiyang City） in northern Hunan, t...The resistance of field populations of Plutella xylostella, from the three vegetable producing areas （Nianyuxu Town of Yueyang City, Canggang Town of Changde City and Shatou Town of Yiyang City） in northern Hunan, to seven insecticides was determined using leaf dipping method in door. The results showed that Plutella xylostella showed an extremely high-level resistance to beta-cypermethrin （resistance ratio, RR=257.13）, a high-level resistance to abamectin （RR=135.15） and indoxacarb （RR=103.08） and a moderate-level resistance to chlorfenapyr and emamectin benzoate. But Plutella xylostella is relatively sensitive to chlorantraniliprole and Bacillus thuringiensis （Bt）. Therefore, the prevention of Plutella xylostella in northern Hunan should focus on the alternative use of chlorfenapyr, emamectin benzoate, chlorantraniliprole and Bacillus thuringiensis and avoid the use of beta-cypermethrin so as to delay the generation and development of resistance to insecticides in Plutella xylostella.展开更多
[Objective] This study aimed to explore the effects of cysteine （Cys58） on the characteristics of PlxyCSP1 in P. Iostella combined with pesticide compounds. [Method] Cys58 of PlxyCSP1 was mutated into Trp58 by using...[Objective] This study aimed to explore the effects of cysteine （Cys58） on the characteristics of PlxyCSP1 in P. Iostella combined with pesticide compounds. [Method] Cys58 of PlxyCSP1 was mutated into Trp58 by using overlap extension PCR method, and PlxyCSP1-M2 mutant was obtained. Expression vector was con- structed and the protein was detected by western blot. [Result] Expression vector pET32a-PlxyCSP1-M2 was constructed to express the 35kDa weight protein. [Conclusion] PlxyCSP1 mutant protein has been expressed successfully in prokaryotic ex- pression system.展开更多
[Objective] The research aimed to optimize laboratory artificial rearing methods for Plutella xylostella L. and to select out effective insecticides against this pest species. [Method] Brassica chinensis seedlings wer...[Objective] The research aimed to optimize laboratory artificial rearing methods for Plutella xylostella L. and to select out effective insecticides against this pest species. [Method] Brassica chinensis seedlings were cultivated in the laboratory at （25±1）℃, 60-75% RH, and a photoperiod of 14：10 （L：D） h. The green blow molding papers were used to collect eggs, and Brassica oleracea seedlings were cultivated to breed Plutella xylostella L. until the insects were ready for use. Mean-while, the susceptibility of 3rd instar larvae of Plutella xylostella L. to five types of insecticides was tested by leaf-dipping method. [Result] Plutella xylostella L. larvae were found well-grown and uniform in developmental stages with average pupa weight of 5.4 mg, pupa emergence percentage of 94.0 % and egg number of 135.1 per female. The LCso values of 3rd instar Plutella xylostella L. larvae against 200 g/L chlorantraniliprole SC, 20% flubendiamide WG, 150 g/L indoxacarb EC, 200 g/L tebufenozide SC and 1.8% abamectin EC, were 0.152, 0.223, 1.151, 93.340 and 0.128 mg/L, respectively. [Conclusion] This rearing method is easy to be implemented and of great practicality, suitable for mass propagation of P. xylostella L. Abamectin, chlorantraniliprole and flubendiamide showed high insecticidal activities, so these three insecticides can be used alternately for the field prevention and control of Plutella xylostella L.展开更多
基金sponsored by the Special Fund for AgroScientific Research in the Public Interest of China (201103021)the President Foundation of Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, China (201206)the Guangdong Natural Science Foundation, China (S2013010012529)
文摘The insecticide chlorantraniliprole exhibits good efifcacy and plays an important role in controlling the diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella Linnaeus. However, resistance to chlorantraniliprole has been observed recently in some ifeld populations. At present study, diamondback moths with resistance to chlorantraniliprole （resistant ratio （RR） was 82.18） for biochemical assays were selected. The assays were performed to determine potential resistance mechanisms. The results showed that the selected resistant moths （GDLZ-R） and susceptible moth could be synergized by known metabolic inhibitors such as piperonyl butoxide （PBO）, triphenyl phosphate （TPP） and diethyl-maleate （DEM） at different levels （1.68-5.50-fold and 2.20-2.89-fold, respectively）, and DEM showed the maximum synergism in both strains. In enzymes assays, a high level of glutathione-S-transferase （GST） was observed in the resistant moth, in contrast, moths that are susceptible to the insecticide had only 1/3 the GST activity of the resistant moths. The analysis of short-term exposure of chlorantraniliprole on biochemical response in the resistant strain also showed that GST activity was signiifcantly elevated after exposure to a sub-lethal concentration of chlorantraniliprole （about 1/3 LC50, 12 mg L-1） 12 and 24 h, respectively. The results show that there is a strong correlation between the enzyme activity and resistance, and GST is likely the main detoxiifcation mechanism responsible for resistance to chlorantraniliprole in P. xylostella L., cytochrome P450 monooxygenase （P450） and carboxy-lesterase （CarE） are involved in to some extent.
基金Supported by Development Program of Misereor Foundation of Germany(335-0311028Z)~~
文摘[Objective] To evaluate the control effect of yellow sticky cards and sex pheromone on Plutella xylostella and Liriomyza spp.,which can provide reference for large area extension of the technique.[Method] The integrated assessment of trapping efficiency of colored sticky cards and sex pheromone on Liriomyza spp.and Plutella xylostella was conducted by field surveys and structured interview in Tonghai County,Yunnan Province,China.[Result] The results showed that yellow sticky cards and sex pheromone have strong power of trapping Liriomyza spp.and Plutella xylostella（3 414±720 and（219±157） head/piece,respectively）;the control cost by the usage of pesticide is the highest,（10 099.5±2 752.5） yuan/hm^2,yellow sticky cards and sex pheromone takes the second place,（1 125.0±465.0） yuan/hm^2,the control cost by the usage of yellow sticky cards is the lowest,（450.0 ±186.0）yuan/hm^2.Without the usage of yellow sticky cards and sex pheromone,pesticide application times and costs are（15.0±2.7） times and（12 070.5±2 136.0） yuan/hm^2;combined with usage of yellow sticky cards and sex pheromone,pesticide application times and costs reduce by 5.7 times and 4 618.5 yuan/hm^2.The ratio of trapped beneficial insects and target pests was 1 ∶1 131,which showed that the negative effect of yellow sticky cards and sex pheromone on the non-target insects was very limited.[Conclusion] The trapping approach has become popular among all the local farmers.Looking at the above factors,the trapping technology has strong application prospect and promotion value in pest control field.
文摘The resistance of field populations of Plutella xylostella, from the three vegetable producing areas （Nianyuxu Town of Yueyang City, Canggang Town of Changde City and Shatou Town of Yiyang City） in northern Hunan, to seven insecticides was determined using leaf dipping method in door. The results showed that Plutella xylostella showed an extremely high-level resistance to beta-cypermethrin （resistance ratio, RR=257.13）, a high-level resistance to abamectin （RR=135.15） and indoxacarb （RR=103.08） and a moderate-level resistance to chlorfenapyr and emamectin benzoate. But Plutella xylostella is relatively sensitive to chlorantraniliprole and Bacillus thuringiensis （Bt）. Therefore, the prevention of Plutella xylostella in northern Hunan should focus on the alternative use of chlorfenapyr, emamectin benzoate, chlorantraniliprole and Bacillus thuringiensis and avoid the use of beta-cypermethrin so as to delay the generation and development of resistance to insecticides in Plutella xylostella.
文摘巴黎翠凤蝶是1种限于东洋区分布的蝴蝶,以后翅中室的大色斑非常艳丽,在阳光的照射下,闪闪发亮,而成为1种观赏性很强的昆虫,却几乎没有其生物学和养殖技术方面的报道.1998至2004年三峡库区和重庆市的调查[1]表明,巴黎翠凤蝶主要分布在石柱、城口、巫溪、武隆等地海拔500～1 000 m的范围内;在此区域,它是1个常见种;其主要栖息环境是山坡灌丛和阔叶林,主要寄主植物是飞龙掌血Toddalia asiatica Lam..从4月到9月三峡库区都有巴黎翠凤蝶出现,在5月形成1个小高峰,在7月和8月形成2个较大高峰,据此估计,三峡库区巴黎翠凤蝶1 a 3代的可能性最大.巴黎翠凤蝶的卵单独产于寄主植物的老熟叶片上,卵期约4～5 d;幼虫龄期25～30 d,分为5龄,独栖性,均栖于叶表;缢蛹,一般附着于寄主枝、叶下侧,蛹期12～15 d.
基金Supported by Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province(9451064201003679)Guangdong Provincial Science and Technology Project(2009B020310005)~~
文摘[Objective] This study aimed to explore the effects of cysteine （Cys58） on the characteristics of PlxyCSP1 in P. Iostella combined with pesticide compounds. [Method] Cys58 of PlxyCSP1 was mutated into Trp58 by using overlap extension PCR method, and PlxyCSP1-M2 mutant was obtained. Expression vector was con- structed and the protein was detected by western blot. [Result] Expression vector pET32a-PlxyCSP1-M2 was constructed to express the 35kDa weight protein. [Conclusion] PlxyCSP1 mutant protein has been expressed successfully in prokaryotic ex- pression system.
基金Supported by Key Technologies of R&D Program of Shanxi Province(20120311019-1)Research Project Supported by Shanxi Scholarship Council of China(2012-110)+1 种基金Doctoral Research Fund of Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences(YBSJJ1006)Key Technologies of R&D Program of Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences(2012ygg16)~~
文摘[Objective] The research aimed to optimize laboratory artificial rearing methods for Plutella xylostella L. and to select out effective insecticides against this pest species. [Method] Brassica chinensis seedlings were cultivated in the laboratory at （25±1）℃, 60-75% RH, and a photoperiod of 14：10 （L：D） h. The green blow molding papers were used to collect eggs, and Brassica oleracea seedlings were cultivated to breed Plutella xylostella L. until the insects were ready for use. Mean-while, the susceptibility of 3rd instar larvae of Plutella xylostella L. to five types of insecticides was tested by leaf-dipping method. [Result] Plutella xylostella L. larvae were found well-grown and uniform in developmental stages with average pupa weight of 5.4 mg, pupa emergence percentage of 94.0 % and egg number of 135.1 per female. The LCso values of 3rd instar Plutella xylostella L. larvae against 200 g/L chlorantraniliprole SC, 20% flubendiamide WG, 150 g/L indoxacarb EC, 200 g/L tebufenozide SC and 1.8% abamectin EC, were 0.152, 0.223, 1.151, 93.340 and 0.128 mg/L, respectively. [Conclusion] This rearing method is easy to be implemented and of great practicality, suitable for mass propagation of P. xylostella L. Abamectin, chlorantraniliprole and flubendiamide showed high insecticidal activities, so these three insecticides can be used alternately for the field prevention and control of Plutella xylostella L.
