AIM: To determine changes in the antibiotic resistance of Helicobacter pylori(H. pylori) in southern Taiwan after failure of first-line standard triple therapy.METHODS: We analyzed 137 H. pylori-infected isolates from...AIM: To determine changes in the antibiotic resistance of Helicobacter pylori(H. pylori) in southern Taiwan after failure of first-line standard triple therapy.METHODS: We analyzed 137 H. pylori-infected isolates from patients who experienced eradication failure after standard first-line triple therapy from January2010 to December 2014. The H. pylori strains were tested for susceptibility to amoxicillin, clarithromycin,levofloxacin, metronidazole and tetracycline using the E-test method. The minimal inhibitory concentration(MIC) was determined by the agar dilution test.MIC values of ≥ 0.5, ≥ 1, ≥ 1, ≥ 4 and ≥ 8 mg/L were considered to be the resistance breakpoints for amoxicillin, clarithromycin, levofloxacin, tetracycline and metronidazole, respectively.RESULTS: A high resistance rate was found for clarithromycin(65%-75%) and metronidazole(30%-40%)among patients who failed first-line standard therapy.The resistance levels to amoxicillin and tetracycline remained very low; however, levofloxacin resistance was as high as 37.5% in 2010 but did not increase any further during the past 5 years. The rates of resistance to these antibiotics did not show a statistically significant upward or downward trend.CONCLUSION: Antibiotic resistance of H. pylori remains a problem for the effective eradication of this pathogen and its associated diseases in Taiwan. High clarithromycin resistance indicated that this antibiotic should not be prescribed as a second-line H. pylori eradication therapy. Moreover, levofloxacin-based second-line therapy should be used cautiously, and the local resistance rates should be carefully monitored.展开更多
2008 may be the most startling year in the past decade for chemical players.Sharp fluctuations showed by the crude oil price would undoubtedly have sur-passed the predictions for many analysts,chemical prices showed a...2008 may be the most startling year in the past decade for chemical players.Sharp fluctuations showed by the crude oil price would undoubtedly have sur-passed the predictions for many analysts,chemical prices showed a more aston-ished free falling.Managers and traders have doubted that the ceiling prices everreached in the summer would have been a dream instead of a reality.Both theabrupt price failing and 50% or lower operation rate have indicated 2009 will展开更多
目的描述和分析1990至2019年中国居民中耳炎(otitis media,OM)疾病负担现状及其变化趋势,为OM防治及制定针对性的干预策略提供科学依据。方法基于2019年全球疾病负担数据,选取发病率、患病率、伤残损失寿命年(years lived with disabili...目的描述和分析1990至2019年中国居民中耳炎(otitis media,OM)疾病负担现状及其变化趋势,为OM防治及制定针对性的干预策略提供科学依据。方法基于2019年全球疾病负担数据,选取发病率、患病率、伤残损失寿命年(years lived with disability,YLD)率、伤残调整寿命年(disability adjusted of life years,DALY)率等指标,利用Joinpoint回归模型计算相应指标平均年度变化百分比(annual average percentage change,AAPC),对OM疾病负担进行描述。结果1990至2019年中国OM发病率、患病率、YLD率和DALY率随年龄增长均呈下降趋势,2019年发病率、患病率、YLD率和DALY率分别为1040.29/10万、1127.80/10万、23.42/10万和26.86/10万;<5岁人群一直处于高发病率状态,5~14岁人群患病率和DALY率达峰值。1990至2019年中国男性OM患病率、YLD率和DALY率均高于女性。1990至2019年中国OM标化患病率、标化YLD率和标化DALY率下降幅度均高于全球,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.001)。结论1990至2019年中国儿童OM发病率和患病率明显高于成人,疾病负担最为显著,男性疾病负担高于女性,应加强重点人群防控,进一步完善OM筛查方法,加强OM相关健康知识宣传,强化居民控烟意识,减轻OM疾病负担。展开更多
Yeast YIp\|type expression recombinant plasmid(pCMA2\|1) was constructed. The expression of α\|acetolactate decarboxylase gene from \%Bacillus subtilis\% was controled by \%CUP1\% promoter and its own terminator. The...Yeast YIp\|type expression recombinant plasmid(pCMA2\|1) was constructed. The expression of α\|acetolactate decarboxylase gene from \%Bacillus subtilis\% was controled by \%CUP1\% promoter and its own terminator. The recombinant plasmid pCMA2\|1 was introduced into the brewer’s yeast PJ3\|5. Transformants were selected using copper resistance as selected marker. The results of activity assay showed that PJ3\|5 didn’t produce α\|acetolactate decarboxylase(ALDC), where as the activity of α\|ALDC in transformants were induced by copper sulfate. The laboratory scale fermentation test confirmed that the total diacetyl concentration was reduced effectively by α\|ALDC in transformant.展开更多
文摘AIM: To determine changes in the antibiotic resistance of Helicobacter pylori(H. pylori) in southern Taiwan after failure of first-line standard triple therapy.METHODS: We analyzed 137 H. pylori-infected isolates from patients who experienced eradication failure after standard first-line triple therapy from January2010 to December 2014. The H. pylori strains were tested for susceptibility to amoxicillin, clarithromycin,levofloxacin, metronidazole and tetracycline using the E-test method. The minimal inhibitory concentration(MIC) was determined by the agar dilution test.MIC values of ≥ 0.5, ≥ 1, ≥ 1, ≥ 4 and ≥ 8 mg/L were considered to be the resistance breakpoints for amoxicillin, clarithromycin, levofloxacin, tetracycline and metronidazole, respectively.RESULTS: A high resistance rate was found for clarithromycin(65%-75%) and metronidazole(30%-40%)among patients who failed first-line standard therapy.The resistance levels to amoxicillin and tetracycline remained very low; however, levofloxacin resistance was as high as 37.5% in 2010 but did not increase any further during the past 5 years. The rates of resistance to these antibiotics did not show a statistically significant upward or downward trend.CONCLUSION: Antibiotic resistance of H. pylori remains a problem for the effective eradication of this pathogen and its associated diseases in Taiwan. High clarithromycin resistance indicated that this antibiotic should not be prescribed as a second-line H. pylori eradication therapy. Moreover, levofloxacin-based second-line therapy should be used cautiously, and the local resistance rates should be carefully monitored.
文摘2008 may be the most startling year in the past decade for chemical players.Sharp fluctuations showed by the crude oil price would undoubtedly have sur-passed the predictions for many analysts,chemical prices showed a more aston-ished free falling.Managers and traders have doubted that the ceiling prices everreached in the summer would have been a dream instead of a reality.Both theabrupt price failing and 50% or lower operation rate have indicated 2009 will
文摘目的描述和分析1990至2019年中国居民中耳炎(otitis media,OM)疾病负担现状及其变化趋势,为OM防治及制定针对性的干预策略提供科学依据。方法基于2019年全球疾病负担数据,选取发病率、患病率、伤残损失寿命年(years lived with disability,YLD)率、伤残调整寿命年(disability adjusted of life years,DALY)率等指标,利用Joinpoint回归模型计算相应指标平均年度变化百分比(annual average percentage change,AAPC),对OM疾病负担进行描述。结果1990至2019年中国OM发病率、患病率、YLD率和DALY率随年龄增长均呈下降趋势,2019年发病率、患病率、YLD率和DALY率分别为1040.29/10万、1127.80/10万、23.42/10万和26.86/10万;<5岁人群一直处于高发病率状态,5~14岁人群患病率和DALY率达峰值。1990至2019年中国男性OM患病率、YLD率和DALY率均高于女性。1990至2019年中国OM标化患病率、标化YLD率和标化DALY率下降幅度均高于全球,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.001)。结论1990至2019年中国儿童OM发病率和患病率明显高于成人,疾病负担最为显著,男性疾病负担高于女性,应加强重点人群防控,进一步完善OM筛查方法,加强OM相关健康知识宣传,强化居民控烟意识,减轻OM疾病负担。
文摘Yeast YIp\|type expression recombinant plasmid(pCMA2\|1) was constructed. The expression of α\|acetolactate decarboxylase gene from \%Bacillus subtilis\% was controled by \%CUP1\% promoter and its own terminator. The recombinant plasmid pCMA2\|1 was introduced into the brewer’s yeast PJ3\|5. Transformants were selected using copper resistance as selected marker. The results of activity assay showed that PJ3\|5 didn’t produce α\|acetolactate decarboxylase(ALDC), where as the activity of α\|ALDC in transformants were induced by copper sulfate. The laboratory scale fermentation test confirmed that the total diacetyl concentration was reduced effectively by α\|ALDC in transformant.
文摘目的建立测定富硒酵母中的硒代蛋氨酸含量的高效液相色谱-电化学检测器检测法。方法色谱柱采用Agilent Eclipse plus C18柱(150 mm×3.0 mm,3.5μm),流动相为100 mmol/L柠檬酸缓冲盐(p H=2.75,含300 mg/L辛烷基磺酸钠)-甲醇(85∶15),检测电压为500 m V(ECD1)和700 m V(ECD2)。结果硒代蛋氨酸质量浓度在1~300μmol/L范围内与峰面积线性关系良好(r^2=0.999 6),检出限为0.30μmol/L,加样回收率为101.30%,RSD为2.30%(n=6)。结论该方法操作简便,灵敏度高,重复性好,可用于富硒酵母中硒代蛋氨酸的检测。
