The genus Yucca comprising of several species is dominant across the chaparrals,canyons and deserts of American South West and Mexico.This genus has long been a source of sustenance and drugs for the Native Americans....The genus Yucca comprising of several species is dominant across the chaparrals,canyons and deserts of American South West and Mexico.This genus has long been a source of sustenance and drugs for the Native Americans.In the wake of revived interest in drug discovery from plant sources,this genus has been investigated and startling nutritive and therapeutic capacities have come forth.Apart from the functional food potential,antioxidant,antiinflammation,antiarthritic,anticancer,antidiabetic,antimicrobial,and hypocholesterolaemic properties have also been revealed.Steroidal saponins,resveratrol and yuccaols have been identified to be the active principles with myriad biological actions.To stimulate further research on this genus of multiple food and pharmaceutical uses,this updated review has been prepared with references extracted from MEDLINE database.展开更多
In a completely randomized block design experiment, 16 ruminally cannulated sheep （40 ±2.1 kg）fed a 50% concentrate： 50% forage diet （DM basis） were given intraruminal doses of powdered Yucca schidigera extr...In a completely randomized block design experiment, 16 ruminally cannulated sheep （40 ±2.1 kg）fed a 50% concentrate： 50% forage diet （DM basis） were given intraruminal doses of powdered Yucca schidigera extract （YSE）. Doses of 0 （control）, 100, 200, or 300 mg kg^-1 diet were given at 8 p.m. and 4 a.m. On 15, 16, and 17 d of the experimental period, ruminal contents were sampled 0, 2, 4, 6, and 8 h after dosing, and blood samples were collected at the end of the experiment （18th and 19th d）. Acidity was not affected （P〉0.05） by the addition of YSE. Compared with the control, ruminal propionate concentration was increased by 29.4 and 29.8% （P〉 0.05） and the acetic acid concentration was decreased by 15.1 and 19.8% （P〉0.05） at 4 and 6 h after YSE （300 mg kg^-1） dosing, respectively. Ruminal ammonia concentration in the first 2 h after feeding was higher （P〈0.05） in the sheep that did not receive YSE （increased by 17.57 mg 100 mL^-1） than in those that received 200 mg kg^-1（increased by 6.77 mg 100 mL^-1） or 300 mg kg^-1 （increased by 6.50 mg 100 mL^-1） YSE. Protozoan populations in the rumen were lower （P〈0.05） in the animals that received 300 mg kg^-1 of YSE compared with the control. All serum parameters of the four groups were in the normal range and were similar among the treatment groups （P 〉 0.05）, after being fed for 19 d with different doses of YSE. The effect of YSE on ruminal ammonia concentration likely resulted from a decreased concentration of protozoan populations and, presumably, from ammonia binding by YSE.展开更多
Auxin is essential for plant growth and development,also closely related to plant architecture.YUCCA(YUC)proteins catalyse the rate-limiting step for endogenous auxin biosynthesis.In this study,we identified 57 Bn YUC...Auxin is essential for plant growth and development,also closely related to plant architecture.YUCCA(YUC)proteins catalyse the rate-limiting step for endogenous auxin biosynthesis.In this study,we identified 57 Bn YUC genes in Brassica napus(rapeseed)genome,located on 17 chromosomes.Among them,A09 chromosome contained the most Bn YUCs as 6.Phylogenetic tree showed that all Bn YUC members were divided into 2 evolutionary clusters,including 7 sub-groups.Among the sub-groups,Clade I-C consisted 20 members,evolved independently from Arabidopsis thaliana,and motif 10 was unique.Genomic collinearity analysis showed that YUC collinear gene pairs widely existed in Brassica species,indicating that this family has a high retention rate in the evolution.Expression profile suggested that the Bn YUC family genes tended to express in specific growth/development stages as well as suffering stress/hormone treatments.It suggested that dominant expression of specific members existed with each development stage or treatment,indicating that each Bn YUC might have a clear division of work,and play a given biological function.This work was expected to build a basis for further study of the involvement of Bn YUC in growth,development and stress response.展开更多
Grain filling is a crucial process that affects yield in rice(Oryza sativa L.).Auxin biosynthesis and signaling are closely related to rice yield;therefore,it is important to understand the effects of auxin biosynthes...Grain filling is a crucial process that affects yield in rice(Oryza sativa L.).Auxin biosynthesis and signaling are closely related to rice yield;therefore,it is important to understand the effects of auxin biosynthesis on rice grain filling to improve crop yield.In this study,we used physiological and molecular strategies to identify the roles of auxin in rice grain filling.Exogenous application of auxin(IAA)or auxin analogues(2,4-D)to young spikelets and flag leaves improved the seed-setting rate and yield per spike.Furthermore,real-time quantitative PCR assays confirmed that nine members of the OsYUCCA family of auxin biosynthetic genes were upregulated during grain filling,implication that auxin biosynthesis plays a major role in grain development.The specific expression of either Arabidopsis AtYUCCA1 or OsYUCCA2 in the endosperm or leaves resulted in increased expression of OsIAA genes and auxin content of seeds,as well as increased grain filling and seed-setting rate.This result establishes that the auxin content in grains and leaves is important for grain development.Our findings further highlight the potential applications for improving rice yield by elevating targeted gene expression in specific tissues.展开更多
文摘The genus Yucca comprising of several species is dominant across the chaparrals,canyons and deserts of American South West and Mexico.This genus has long been a source of sustenance and drugs for the Native Americans.In the wake of revived interest in drug discovery from plant sources,this genus has been investigated and startling nutritive and therapeutic capacities have come forth.Apart from the functional food potential,antioxidant,antiinflammation,antiarthritic,anticancer,antidiabetic,antimicrobial,and hypocholesterolaemic properties have also been revealed.Steroidal saponins,resveratrol and yuccaols have been identified to be the active principles with myriad biological actions.To stimulate further research on this genus of multiple food and pharmaceutical uses,this updated review has been prepared with references extracted from MEDLINE database.
文摘In a completely randomized block design experiment, 16 ruminally cannulated sheep （40 ±2.1 kg）fed a 50% concentrate： 50% forage diet （DM basis） were given intraruminal doses of powdered Yucca schidigera extract （YSE）. Doses of 0 （control）, 100, 200, or 300 mg kg^-1 diet were given at 8 p.m. and 4 a.m. On 15, 16, and 17 d of the experimental period, ruminal contents were sampled 0, 2, 4, 6, and 8 h after dosing, and blood samples were collected at the end of the experiment （18th and 19th d）. Acidity was not affected （P〉0.05） by the addition of YSE. Compared with the control, ruminal propionate concentration was increased by 29.4 and 29.8% （P〉 0.05） and the acetic acid concentration was decreased by 15.1 and 19.8% （P〉0.05） at 4 and 6 h after YSE （300 mg kg^-1） dosing, respectively. Ruminal ammonia concentration in the first 2 h after feeding was higher （P〈0.05） in the sheep that did not receive YSE （increased by 17.57 mg 100 mL^-1） than in those that received 200 mg kg^-1（increased by 6.77 mg 100 mL^-1） or 300 mg kg^-1 （increased by 6.50 mg 100 mL^-1） YSE. Protozoan populations in the rumen were lower （P〈0.05） in the animals that received 300 mg kg^-1 of YSE compared with the control. All serum parameters of the four groups were in the normal range and were similar among the treatment groups （P 〉 0.05）, after being fed for 19 d with different doses of YSE. The effect of YSE on ruminal ammonia concentration likely resulted from a decreased concentration of protozoan populations and, presumably, from ammonia binding by YSE.
基金the funding from the National Modern Agricultural Industrial Technology System(CARS-12)Tackling key problems in oil breeding in the 14th Five Year Plan of Sichuan Province(2021YFYZ0018)。
文摘Auxin is essential for plant growth and development,also closely related to plant architecture.YUCCA(YUC)proteins catalyse the rate-limiting step for endogenous auxin biosynthesis.In this study,we identified 57 Bn YUC genes in Brassica napus(rapeseed)genome,located on 17 chromosomes.Among them,A09 chromosome contained the most Bn YUCs as 6.Phylogenetic tree showed that all Bn YUC members were divided into 2 evolutionary clusters,including 7 sub-groups.Among the sub-groups,Clade I-C consisted 20 members,evolved independently from Arabidopsis thaliana,and motif 10 was unique.Genomic collinearity analysis showed that YUC collinear gene pairs widely existed in Brassica species,indicating that this family has a high retention rate in the evolution.Expression profile suggested that the Bn YUC family genes tended to express in specific growth/development stages as well as suffering stress/hormone treatments.It suggested that dominant expression of specific members existed with each development stage or treatment,indicating that each Bn YUC might have a clear division of work,and play a given biological function.This work was expected to build a basis for further study of the involvement of Bn YUC in growth,development and stress response.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.31801193,31820103008,91754104,and 31670283)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.lzujbky-2020-it13).
文摘Grain filling is a crucial process that affects yield in rice(Oryza sativa L.).Auxin biosynthesis and signaling are closely related to rice yield;therefore,it is important to understand the effects of auxin biosynthesis on rice grain filling to improve crop yield.In this study,we used physiological and molecular strategies to identify the roles of auxin in rice grain filling.Exogenous application of auxin(IAA)or auxin analogues(2,4-D)to young spikelets and flag leaves improved the seed-setting rate and yield per spike.Furthermore,real-time quantitative PCR assays confirmed that nine members of the OsYUCCA family of auxin biosynthetic genes were upregulated during grain filling,implication that auxin biosynthesis plays a major role in grain development.The specific expression of either Arabidopsis AtYUCCA1 or OsYUCCA2 in the endosperm or leaves resulted in increased expression of OsIAA genes and auxin content of seeds,as well as increased grain filling and seed-setting rate.This result establishes that the auxin content in grains and leaves is important for grain development.Our findings further highlight the potential applications for improving rice yield by elevating targeted gene expression in specific tissues.
