Unveiling the tailorable electrochemical properties of zeolitic imidazolate framework-derived Ni-doped LiCoO_(2) for lithium-ion batteries in half/full cells

As a prevailing cathode material of lithium-ion batteries(LIBs),LiCoO_(2)(LCO)still encounters the tricky problems of structural collapse,whose morphological engineering and cation doping are crucial for surmounting the mechanical strains and alleviating phase degradation upon cycling.Hereinafter,we propose a strategy using a zeolitic imidazolate framework(ZIF)as the self-sacrificing template to directionally prepare a series of LiNi_(0.1)Co_(0.9)O_(2)(LNCO)with tailorable electrochemical properties.The rational selection of sintering temperature imparts the superiority of the resultant products in lithium storage,during which the sample prepared at 700℃(LNCO-700)outperforms its counterparts in cyclability(156.8 mA h g^(-1)at 1 C for 200 cycles in half cells,1 C=275 mA g^(-1))and rate capability due to the expedited ion/electron transport and the strengthen mechanical robustness.The feasibility of proper Ni doping is also divulged by half/full cell tests and theoretical study,during which LNCO-700(167 mA h g^(-1)at 1 C for 100 cycles in full cells)surpasses LCO-700 in battery performance due to the mitigated phase deterioration,stabilized layered structu re,ameliorated electro nic co nductivity,a nd exalted lithium sto rage activity.This work systematically unveils tailorable electrochemical behaviors of LNCO to better direct their practical application.

From Zeolitic Imidazolate Framework-8 to Metal-Organic Frameworks (MOFs): Representative Substance for the General Study of Pioneering MOF Applications

Metal-organic frameworks(MOFs)have been intensely studied for the past few decades as an enormous family of highly tunable porous materials with promisingly applicable functionalities in adsorption,separation,catalysis,sensing,electrochemistry,and a great number of emerging purposes.As a classic MOF,zeolitic imidazolate framework-8(ZIF-8)is conventionally one of the very few MOF members that has been commercialized with considerable production.

Manganese-Zeolitic Imidazolate Frameworks-90 with High Blood Circulation Stability for MRI-Guided Tumor Therapy

Zeolitic imidazolate frameworks(ZIFs)as smart drug delivery systems with microenvironment-triggered release have attracted much attention for tumor therapy.However,the exploration of ZIFs in biomedicine still encounters many issues,such as inconvenient surface modification,fast drug release during blood circulation,undesired damage to major organs,and severe in vivo toxicity.To address the above issues,we developed an Mn-ZIF-90 nanosystem functionalized with an originally designed active-targeting and pH-responsive magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)Y1 receptor ligand[Asn28,Pro30,Trp32]-NPY(25-36)for imaging-guided tumor therapy.After Y1 receptor ligand modification,the Mn-ZIF-90 nanosystem exhibited high drug loading,better blood circulation stability,and dual breast cancer cell membrane and mitochondria targetability,further favoring specific microenvironment-triggered tumor therapy.Meanwhile,this nanosystem showed promising T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging contrast in vivo in the tumor sites.Especially,this nanosystem with fast clean-up had almost no obvious toxicity and no damage occurred to the major organs in mice.Therefore,this nanosystem shows potential for use in imaging-guided tumor therapy.

A purely green approach to low-cost mass production of zeolitic imidazolate frameworks

Although zeolitic imidazolate frameworks(ZIFs)have bright prospects in wide fields like gas storage/separation,catalysis and medicine,etc.,their large-scale applications are bottlenecked by the absence of their low-cost commercial production technique.Here,we report an uncon ventional method suitable for environmentally friendly and low-cost mass-production of ZIFs.In this method,taking the synthesis of ZIF-8 as an example,ZnO was used instead of Zn(NO_(3))_(2) in traditional solvent synthesis methods and CO_(2) was introduced to dissolve ZnO in aqueous solution of 2-methylimidazole(HMeim)and form water soluble salt([ZnMeim]^(+)[MeimCOO]^(-))at room temperature.Then,by removing CO_(2) through heating or vacuuming,Meim-ions are produced and instantaneously assemble with[ZnMeim]^(+)s to generate ZIF-8 without any by product.Due to the absence of strong acid anions(such as NO^(-)_(3) and Cl^(-) et al.)in solution,the washing of filter cake required in the conventional approaches could be omitted and the filtrate containing only water and HMeim could be reused completely.This method is really green as no waste gas or liquid generates because CO_(2) and water could be recycled perfectly.It overcomes almost all bottlenecks occurred in commercial production of ZIF-8 when using traditional methods.A pilot plant was established for mass-production of ZIF-8 and hundreds kilograms of ZIF-8 was produced,which indicates that the new method is not only environmentally friendly but also low cost and commercial accessibility.It is expected that the new method would open an avenue for commercial applications of ZIFs.

Preparation of hybridizing zeolitic imidazolate frameworks with carboxymethylcellulose for adsorption separation of n-hexane/3-methylpentane

A novel ZIF-8-CMC hybrid material was fabricated from the hybridization of ZIF-8 and carboxymethylcellulose(CMC) by impregnation method for n-hexane/3-methylpentane separation.The surface properties of ZIF-8 were tailored by introducing CMC into ZIF-8 nanoparticles.In this work,adsorption separation of n-hexane(nHEX) and 3-methylpentane(3 MP) on ZIF-8-CMC were investigated by batch vapor-phase adsorption and liquid-phase breakthrough adsorption.The adsorption selectivity of nHEX/3 MP reversed from preferable adsorption of nHEX to preferable adsorption of 3 MP upon the increasing of CMC containing in the hybrid materials.As the temperature increases,the adsorption amounts of nHEX and 3 MP decrease.With the increasing of CMC contents,the nHEX uptake decreased,the uptake capacity of 3 MP increased gradually.For liquid-phase breakthrough adsorption,the dynamic adsorption capacity of nHEX also decreased with the increasing of temperature.

Urothermal Synthesis of Zeolitic Tetrazolate-imidazolate Frameworks

Urothermal method was firstly used to synthesize zeolitic tetrazolate-imidazolate frameworks. By using 2-imidazolidone hemihydrate(e-urea) as solvent, a new compound, namely ZTIF-17 with GIS topology, has been obtained by mixing 5,6-dimethylbenzimidazole and 5-ethylthiotrazole ligands, and characterized by powder and single-crystal X-ray diffraction, and thermogravimetric(TG) analyses. In addition, ZTIF-17 exhibited strong photoluminescence at room temperature. The result suggests that urothermal method is powerful to construct new kind of porous materials.

In-situ emb e dding zeolitic imidazolate framework derived Co–N–C bifunctional catalysts in carbon nanotube networks for flexible Zn–air batteries

Recently, the development of high-performance bifunctional oxygen catalysts integrated with flexible conductive scaffolds f or rechargeable metal-air batteries has attracted considerable interest, driving by fastgrowing wearable electronics. Herein, we report a flexible bifunctional oxygen catalyst thin film consisting of Co–N–C bifunctional catalysts embedding in carbon nanotube(CNT) networks. The catalyst is readily prepared by pyrolysis of cobalt-based zeolitic imidazolate frameworks(ZIF-67) that are in-situ synthesized in CNT networks. Such catalyst film demonstrates very high catalytic activities for oxygen reduction(onset potential: 0.91 V, and half-wave potential: 0.87 V vs. RHE) and oxygen evolution(10 m Acm^-2 at 1.58 V) reactions, high methanol tolerance property, and long-term stability(97% current retention). Moreover, our integrated catalyst film shows very good structure flexibility and robustness. Based on the obtained film air electrodes, flexible Zn–air batteries demonstrate low charging and discharging overpotentials(0.82 V at 1 m A cm^-1) and excellent structure stability in the bending tests. These results indicate that presently reported catalyst films are potential air electrodes for flexible metal–air batteries.

In-situ incorporation of halloysite nanotubes with 2D zeolitic imidazolate framework-L based membrane for dye/salt separation

Layered assembled membranes of 2D leaf-like zeolitic imidazolate frameworks(ZIF-L)nanosheets have received great attention in the field of water treatment due to the porous structure and excellent antibacterial ability,but the dense accumulation on the membrane surface and the low permeate flux greatly hinder their application.Herein,we synthesized m HNTs(modified halloysite nanotubes)/ZIF-L nanocomposites on modified m HNTs by in situ growth method.Interestingly,due to the different size of m HNTs and ZIF-L,m HNTs were packed in ZIF-L nanosheets.The hollow m HNTs provided additional transport channels for water molecules,and the accumulation of the ZIF-L nanosheets was decreased after assembling m HNTs/ZIF-L nanocomposites into membrane by filtration.The prepared m HNTs/ZIF-L membrane presented high permeate flux(59.6 L·m^(-2)·h^(-1)),which is 2-4 times of the ZIF-L membranes(14.8 L·m^(-2)·h^(-1)).Moreover,m HNTs/ZIF-L membranes are intrinsically antimicrobial,which exhibit extremely high bacterial resistance.We provide a controllable strategy to improve 2D ZIF-L assembles,and develops novel membranes using 2D package structure as building units.

Zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 as a nanoadsorbent for radon capture

The feasibility of adsorption and the adsorption behavior of radon on a nanomaterial-based zeolitic imidazolate framework-8(ZIF-8) adsorbent were investigated.Grand canonical Monte Carlo simulation and four-channel low-background a/b measurement were performed to examine the adsorption kinetics of this adsorbent. Results demonstrated that ZIF-8 is a good adsorbent of radon.Therefore, this adsorbent can be used to significantly reduce the hazardous effects of radon on occupational radiation workers.

ZIFs材料对Fe/N/C催化剂氧还原性能的影响

过渡金属/氮/碳(M/N/C)催化剂是替代铂基催化剂用于氧还原反应(ORR)的理想材料。沸石咪唑骨架(ZIFs)材料结合了无机沸石的高稳定性和MOFs材料的高比表面积、高孔隙率及可调孔结构等特点,是制备M/N/C催化剂的优良前驱体。本工作以FeSO4·7H2O为铁源,1,10-菲啰啉为氮源,探究不同ZIFs材料对FeN/C-Zx催化剂ORR性能的影响。通过X射线衍射、比表面积和孔径分布测试、透射电子显微镜等对催化剂进行结构表征,使用线性扫描伏安法对催化剂ORR催化活性进行测试。结果表明:FeN/C-Z8催化剂表现出最佳的ORR活性,具有较小的Tafel斜率(64.98 mV/dec)且反应过程是近四电子过程;在经过25000次循环后,FeN/C-Z8催化剂的半波电位仅有20 mV的负移,表现出良好的稳定性。FeN/C-Z8催化剂中存在的Fe3C化合物可有效提高催化剂的催化性能;Zn2+在碳化过程中挥发使FeN/C-Z8催化剂具有较高比表面积(550.09 m2/g)、孔体积(1.36 cm3/g)及丰富的微孔、介孔结构,并促进了过渡金属在ZIFs材料上的均匀分布,使FeN/C-Z8催化剂颗粒较小、分散均匀,这是该催化剂表现出较好的ORR催化性能的可能原因。

Hydrophobic CHA-ZIFs with a junctional trap between cha and d6r cages for adsorption of 2,3-butanediol in aqueous solution

The adsorption and separation of diols from dilute aqueous solution using hydrophobic materials is very challenging due to the strong diol-water hydrogen-bonding interactions. Herein, we screened hydrophobic zeolitic imidazolate frameworks(ZIFs) with chabazite(CHA) topology for separation of 2,3-butanediol(2,3-BDO) and 1,3-propanediol(1,3-PDO), which had junctional and hydrophobic traps matching the two end methyl groups of the 2,3-BDO molecule. Based on CHA-ZIFs with the same small-sized ligand 2-methylimidazole(mIm) and different large-sized ligand benzimidazole derivatives(RbIm),CHA-ZIFs with larger surface areas were obtained by the addition of excess small-sized ligand mIm in the synthesis process. We showed that all of the hydrophobic CHA-ZIFs preferentially adsorbed 2,3-BDO over 1,3-PDO by static batch adsorption and dynamic column adsorption experiments. But ZIF-301 and ZIF-300 with halogen groups exhibited better adsorptive separation performance for 2,3-BDO/1,3-PDO than ZIF-302 with methyl groups. For a typical ZIF-301, its adsorption capacity for 2,3-BDO was 116.4 mg·g^(-1)and selectivity for 2,3-BDO/1,3-PDO was 3.8 in dynamic column adsorption of the binary-component system(2,3-BDO/1,3-PDO: 50 g·L^(-1)/50 g·L^(-1)). Computational simulations revealed that 2,3-BDO preferentially adsorbed in a trap at the junction between the cha and d6r cages of CHA-ZIFs,meaning the strong host-guest interactions. Therefore, the hydrophobic CHA-ZIFs with a junctional trap were promising candidate materials for adsorbing 2,3-BDO, which also provided a new perspective for separating diols in dilute aqueous solutions.

基于ZIFs合成的中空双金属(Zn,Co)S纳米晶及其赝电容性质研究

通过两步法设计合成了具有中空结构的双金属硫化物(Zn,Co)S纳米晶,并研究了其电化学性质.首先在室温下,以水为溶剂,十六烷基三甲基溴化铵为表面活性剂,利用Zn^(2+),Co^(2+)与2-甲基咪唑的配位作用形成了ZIF-Zn,Co.然后以ZIF-Zn,Co为自牺牲模板剂,加入硫代乙酰胺,在微波辐射下快速合成了具有中空结构的(Zn,Co)S纳米晶.电化学测试结果表明,在电流密度为3 mA/cm^2时,(Zn,Co)S纳米晶比电容为423.3 F/g,在电流密度为10 mA/cm^2时,充放电2000次,仍能保持59%的初始电容.所制备的中空纳米结构具有较高的比表面积和较好的电化学性能,可作为超级电容器的电极材料.

MNPs@ZIFs催化剂的研究进展

概括了将金属纳米颗粒(MNPs)嵌入或装载到沸石咪唑酯骨架材料(ZIFs)上构筑MNPs@ZIFs催化剂的方法,包括化学气相沉积法、固体研磨法、溶液浸渍法和自组装法,对其优缺点进行了讨论,并重点介绍了自组装法在制备MNPs@ZIFs催化剂时MNPs空间分布的可调控性;介绍了MNPs@ZIFs催化剂微结构的表征手段,特别是分析MNPs在ZIFs中空间分布的方法;探讨了MNPs@ZIFs催化剂在耦合、氧化、还原等反应中的催化性能,分析了其择形催化功能。在此基础上,提出了今后MNPs@ZIFs催化剂研究的主要方向是制备新型高稳定性且具有大孔径的ZIF材料、精确控制MNPs在ZIFs中的空间分布以及开发MNPs@ZIFs催化剂的工业化制备方法。

沸石咪唑酯骨架(ZIFs)的制备及性能研究进展

叙述了几种常用制备沸石咪唑酯骨架材料(ZIFs)材料的方法,并对各种方法进行深度分析。还对其各项性能进行了阐述,其优异的吸附性、稳定性、催化性与摩擦性能在气体吸附与分离,废水治理,化学传感器制作,光催化领域及润滑等方面应用十分具有前景。

憎水性ZIFs对糠醛和5-羟甲基糠醛的吸附分离性能

糠醛(furfural)和5-羟甲基糠醛(HMF)是重要的生物质平台化合物。针对低浓度生物质平台化合物的吸附分离,研究了典型沸石咪唑酯骨架(ZIFs)材料结构与糠醛和5-羟甲基糠醛吸附分离性能的关系。选择两种孔径不同但孔容接近的憎水ZIFs材料(6元环ZIF-8和8元环MAF-6)用于吸附分离糠醛和5-羟甲基糠醛,分别研究了静态吸附、吸附动力学、竞争吸附、动态穿透性能。实验结果表明:对于糠醛吸附量,ZIF-8(0.48g/g)和MAF-6(0.52g/g)接近;对于5-羟甲基糠醛吸附量,ZIF-8(0.39g/g)和MAF-6(0.40g/g)接近。对于吸附动力学,MAF-6对糠醛和5-羟甲基糠醛吸附在20min达到平衡,而ZIF-8在6h以上才能达到平衡。进一步的动态穿透结果显示:与ZIF-8相比,MAF-6对糠醛的动态吸附快速达到平衡;MAF-6对5-羟甲基糠醛动态吸附容量远大于ZIF-8.最后研究了ZIF-8和MAF-6对双组分糠醛/5-羟甲基糠醛的吸附分离性能,结果显示,ZIF-8分离糠醛/5-羟甲基糠醛受动力学控制;而MAF-6分离糖醛/5-羟甲基糖醛是由热力学控制。

ZIFs椭圆形孔窗的精细调控及糠醛/5-羟甲基糠醛吸附分离性能研究

在生物质催化炼制呋喃化合物的过程中,通常得到的是低浓度糠醛(Fur)和5-羟甲基糠醛(5-HMF)的混合物。基于Fur和5-HMF都是椭圆形分子,因此通过设计构筑和调控椭圆形孔窗的吸附剂可以实现Fur和5-HMF的筛分分离。选用二价钴盐和三种烷基取代基团逐渐增大的咪唑配体(2-乙基咪唑/2-eIm、2-丙基咪唑/2-pIm和2-丁基咪唑/2-bIm)合成了三种椭圆形孔窗尺寸逐渐减小的ANA拓扑ZIFs材料:ANA-[Co(eIm)2]、ANA-[Co(pIm)2]和ANA-[Co(bIm)2]。首先解析了这三种ZIFs材料的晶体结构,并对其进行了PXRD、水蒸气吸附、N2吸脱附和SEM等基本表征,然后采用静态吸附和动态柱吸附研究了这三种材料对Fur和5-HMF的吸附分离性能。静态吸附、单组分动态柱吸附以及综合速率模型模拟计算结果显示:ANA-[Co(pIm)2]狭窄的椭圆形孔窗与Fur分子尺寸接近,但小于5-HMF,使得Fur分子可以吸附进入椭圆形孔窗,而5-HMF分子几乎不能通过。进一步在双组分Fur/5-HMF(5%/5%,质量分数)动态柱吸附中,ANA-[Co(pIm)2]对Fur的吸附量为91.7 mg·g^-1,不吸附5-HMF。因此,通过改变咪唑配体取代基团精细调控ZIFs椭圆形孔窗尺寸,并利用ZIFs椭圆形孔窗的位阻效应实现了Fur和5-HMF的筛分分离。

ZnCo2O4/ZnO induced lithium deposition in multi-scaled carbon/nickel frameworks for dendrite-free lithium metal anode

Lithium metal attracts growing attention as an ideal anode candidate for next generation lithium battery systems owing to its high capacity,low density,and low working potential.However,the volume expansion of the bulk and dendrite growth on the surface of lithium anode limits its practical application.Herein,we fabricate a composite lithium host featuring both multiple scaled structure and lithiophilic property to address obstacles at both aspects of bulk and surface simultaneously.In which,the multiple scaled structure provides void space to accommodate lithium volume change while zinc and cobalt oxides sites derived from Zeolitic Imidazolate Frameworks can react with lithium and form a stable solid electrolyte interphase,leading to a stable cycling of lithium symmetrical cell for more than 500 cycles with voltage hysteresis of only 88 mV at 2 mAcm^-2 and 5 mAh cm^-2.Moreover,full cells paired with LiFePO4 cathode can realize 500 cycles with 99.2%capacity retention,showing great potential for practical applications.The excellent electrochemical performance of the composite lithium anode proves the effectiveness of our anode design with multiple scaled structure and lithiophilic feature,which can be also expanded to other metal anodes for batteries.

Coordination and interface engineering to boost catalytic property of two-dimensional ZIFs for wearable Zn-air batteries

Metal organic frameworks(MOFs) have been considered as compelling precursor for miscellaneous applications. However, their unsatisfied electrocatalytic performance limits their direct application as electrocatalyst. Herein, by incorporating the cobalt-oxide bonds and polyaniline(PANI) with two-dimension zeolitic imidazolate frameworks(ZIFs), a novel bifunctional catalyst(Co-O-ZIF/PANI) for Zn-air battery was designed based on a facile and eco-friendly method. This Co-O-ZIF/PANI with optimized surface adsorption effect and suitable Co^(3+)/Co^(2+)ratio, exhibits eminent electrocatalytic activity toward both oxygen reduction and evolution reaction. The as-assembled liquid ZABs based on Co-O-ZIF/PANI achieves a remarkable maximum power density of 123.1 m W cm^(-2) and low discharge-charge voltage gap of 0.81 V at 5 m A cm^(-2) for over 300 cycles. Operando Raman spectroscopy reveals that the excellent performance origins from the optimized surface chemisorption property of O_(2) and H_(2)O brought by Co–O bonds and PANI. This work provides a novel prospect to develop efficient MOF derived bifunctional electrocatalysts by optimizing surface chemisorption properties.

KOH-assisted aqueous synthesis of bimetallic metal-organic frameworks and their derived selenide composites for efficient lithium storage

To solve low efficiency,environmental pollution,and toxicity for synthesizing zeolitic imidazolate frameworks(ZIFs)in organic solvents,a KOH-assisted aqueous strategy is proposed to synthesize bimetallic ZIFs polyhedrons,which are used as precursors to prepare bimetallic selenide and N-doped carbon(NC)composites.Among them,Fe–Co–Se/NC retains the three-dimensional(3D)polyhedrons with mesoporous structure,and Fe–Co–Se nanoparticles are uniform in size and evenly distributed.When assessed as anode material for lithium-ion batteries,Fe–Co–Se/NC achieves an excellent initial specific capacity of 1165.9 m Ah·g^(-1)at 1.0 A·g^(-1),and the reversible capacity of Fe–Co–Se/NC anode is 1247.4 m Ah·g^(-1)after 550 cycles.It is attributed to that the uniform composite of bimetallic selenides and N-doped carbon can effectively tune redox active sites,the stable 3D structure of Fe–Co–Se/NCs guarantees the structural stability and wettability of the electrolyte,and the uniform distribution of Fe–Co–S nanoparticles in size esuppresses the volume expansion and accelerates the electrochemical reaction kinetics.

Co NP/NC hollow nanoparticles derived from yolk-shell structured ZIFs@polydopamine as bifunctional electrocatalysts for water oxidation and oxygen reduction reactions

The pyrolysis under inert atmosphere has been widely used for the synthesis of metal containing heteroatoms doped carbon materials, versatile catalysts for various reactions. However, it is difficult to prevent metal nanoparticles aggregation during pyrolysis process. Herein, we reported the efficient synthesis of nitrogen doped carbon hollow nanospheres with cobalt nanoparticles （Co NP, ca. 10nm in size） distributed uniformly in the shell via pyrolysis of yolk-shell structured Zn-Co-ZIFs@polydopamine （PDA）. PDA acted as both protection layer and carbon source, which successfully prevented the aggregation of cobalt nanoparticles during high-temperature pyrolysis process. The Co NP and N containing carbon （Co NP/NC） hollow nanospheres were active for both oxygen evolution reaction （OER） and oxygen reduction reaction （ORR）, affording overpotential of 430 mV at 10 mA/cm2 for OER in 1 M KOH and comparable half-wave potential to that of Pt/C （0.80V vs RHE） for ORR in 0.1 M KOH. The superior performance of carbon hollow nanospheres for both OER and ORR was mainly attributed to its small metal nanoparticles, N-doping and hollow nanostructure. The protection and confinement effect that originated from PDA coating strategy could be extended to the synthesis of other hollow structured carbon materials, especially the ones with small metal nanoparticles.