在新发展格局下,金融市场的高质量发展不能忽视外部因素的影响。美联储的货币政策调整会对中国金融市场产生怎样的影响,现有文献的研究还不够充分全面,尤其缺乏对于零利率下限时期与常态化时期的比较分析。本文认为,美联储实施紧缩性货...在新发展格局下,金融市场的高质量发展不能忽视外部因素的影响。美联储的货币政策调整会对中国金融市场产生怎样的影响,现有文献的研究还不够充分全面,尤其缺乏对于零利率下限时期与常态化时期的比较分析。本文认为,美联储实施紧缩性货币政策将缩小中美两国利差,促使中国的资本外流加剧,并导致实际利率水平和企业融资成本增加,进而带来资产价格下跌,对中国金融市场产生负面影响。2008年全球金融危机以及2020年新冠疫情之后,美联储不断下调联邦基金利率,使其面临零利率下限约束,此时实施紧缩性货币政策对中国金融市场的影响可能会与常态化时期有所区别。基于2002年1月至2021年7月中国宏观经济和金融98个变量的月度数据,采用Wu-Xia联邦基金影子利率(Wu-Xia Shadow Federal Funds Rate)来度量零利率下限时期的美联储货币政策立场,运用因子扩张型向量自回归模型(FAVAR)从资产价格角度分析美联储紧缩性货币政策冲击对中国金融市场的影响,结果显示:总体上看,美联储紧缩性货币政策冲击会通过利率渠道对中国资产价格产生负面影响,且该负面影响具有时滞性;人民币汇率调整具有补偿效应,即可以通过人民币贬值减轻资本外流的压力,进而削弱美联储紧缩性货币政策冲击对中国资产价格的负面影响;在零利率下限时期,美联储紧缩性货币政策冲击对中国资产价格的负面影响比常态化时期更为显著。相比现有文献,本文主要进行了如下改进和拓展:一是采用Wu-Xia联邦基金影子利率度量零利率下限时期美联储的货币政策立场,避免因采用联邦基金利率而低估其负面影响;二是运用FAVAR模型缓解VAR模型及TVP-VAR模型的遗漏变量偏误问题,并为识别结构冲击提供足够丰富的信息;三是对零利率下限时期与常态化时期进行比较分析,有利于更好地把握美联储货币政策冲击对中国金融市场的时变影响。为更好地应对美联储紧缩性货币政策冲击对中国金融市场和宏观经济造成的负面影响,需要深入分析和把握美联储货币政策动向发生改变的原因和本质,在坚持货币政策“以我为主”的同时,密切关注和警惕美联储紧缩性货币政策冲击可能产生的负面影响,并不断深化人民币汇率改革,保证人民币汇率弹性适度和调整空间充足。展开更多
Suppose that X is a right process which is associated with a semi-Dirichlet form （ε, D（ε）） on L2（E; m）. Let J be the jumping measure of （ε, D（ε）） satisfying J（E x E- d） 〈 ∞. Let u E D（ε）b ：= D（...Suppose that X is a right process which is associated with a semi-Dirichlet form （ε, D（ε）） on L2（E; m）. Let J be the jumping measure of （ε, D（ε）） satisfying J（E x E- d） 〈 ∞. Let u E D（ε）b ：= D（ε） N L（E; m）, we have the following Pukushima＇s decomposition u（Xt）-u（X0） --- Mut ＋ Nut. Define Pu f（x） = Ex[eNT f（Xt）]. Let Qu（f,g） = ε（f,g）＋ε（u, fg） for f, g E D（ε）b. In the first part, under some assumptions we show that （Qu, D（ε）b） is lower semi-bounded if and only if there exists a constant a0 〉 0 such that /Put/2 ≤eaot for every t 〉 0. If one of these assertions holds, then （Put〉0is strongly continuous on L2（E;m）. If X is equipped with a differential structure, then under some other assumptions, these conclusions remain valid without assuming J（E x E - d） 〈 ∞. Some examples are also given in this part. Let At be a local continuous additive functional with zero quadratic variation. In the second part, we get the representation of At and give two sufficient conditions for PAf（x） = Ex[eAtf（Xt）] to be strongly continuous.展开更多
The covID-19 outbreak has brought unprecedented social attention to economic uncertainty and negative interest rate policy(NIRP).How does uncertainty affect economic activity,and how effective is a NIRP based on centr...The covID-19 outbreak has brought unprecedented social attention to economic uncertainty and negative interest rate policy(NIRP).How does uncertainty affect economic activity,and how effective is a NIRP based on central bank digital currency(CBDC)?To answer the two questions,we constructed a dynamic stochastic general equilibrium(DSGE)model that accommodates sticky prices and wages.The results indicated:(i)Economic uncertainty has substantially reduced investment,output,wage,and loans,which increases unemployment risk.In the short term,it has triggered impulsive consumption by households,while consumption has fallen into a slump in the long run.(ii)After suffering an uncertainty shock,the economy entered short-term stagflation and long-term deflation.The short-term stagflation was mainly caused by resident wage adjustment,and the long-term deflation was due to the decline in effective demand caused by unemployment risk.(ii)CBDC could eliminate the zero lower bound(ZLB)constraint,thereby improving the effectiveness of NIRP.Compared with traditional currency,CBDCbased NIRP could more effectively smooth macroeconomic fluctuations and alleviate the negative impact of an uncertainty shock,which is more conducive to restoring market confidence and promoting economic recovery.展开更多
文摘在新发展格局下,金融市场的高质量发展不能忽视外部因素的影响。美联储的货币政策调整会对中国金融市场产生怎样的影响,现有文献的研究还不够充分全面,尤其缺乏对于零利率下限时期与常态化时期的比较分析。本文认为,美联储实施紧缩性货币政策将缩小中美两国利差,促使中国的资本外流加剧,并导致实际利率水平和企业融资成本增加,进而带来资产价格下跌,对中国金融市场产生负面影响。2008年全球金融危机以及2020年新冠疫情之后,美联储不断下调联邦基金利率,使其面临零利率下限约束,此时实施紧缩性货币政策对中国金融市场的影响可能会与常态化时期有所区别。基于2002年1月至2021年7月中国宏观经济和金融98个变量的月度数据,采用Wu-Xia联邦基金影子利率(Wu-Xia Shadow Federal Funds Rate)来度量零利率下限时期的美联储货币政策立场,运用因子扩张型向量自回归模型(FAVAR)从资产价格角度分析美联储紧缩性货币政策冲击对中国金融市场的影响,结果显示:总体上看,美联储紧缩性货币政策冲击会通过利率渠道对中国资产价格产生负面影响,且该负面影响具有时滞性;人民币汇率调整具有补偿效应,即可以通过人民币贬值减轻资本外流的压力,进而削弱美联储紧缩性货币政策冲击对中国资产价格的负面影响;在零利率下限时期,美联储紧缩性货币政策冲击对中国资产价格的负面影响比常态化时期更为显著。相比现有文献,本文主要进行了如下改进和拓展:一是采用Wu-Xia联邦基金影子利率度量零利率下限时期美联储的货币政策立场,避免因采用联邦基金利率而低估其负面影响;二是运用FAVAR模型缓解VAR模型及TVP-VAR模型的遗漏变量偏误问题,并为识别结构冲击提供足够丰富的信息;三是对零利率下限时期与常态化时期进行比较分析,有利于更好地把握美联储货币政策冲击对中国金融市场的时变影响。为更好地应对美联储紧缩性货币政策冲击对中国金融市场和宏观经济造成的负面影响,需要深入分析和把握美联储货币政策动向发生改变的原因和本质,在坚持货币政策“以我为主”的同时,密切关注和警惕美联储紧缩性货币政策冲击可能产生的负面影响,并不断深化人民币汇率改革,保证人民币汇率弹性适度和调整空间充足。
基金supported by NSFC(11201102,11326169,11361021)Natural Science Foundation of Hainan Province(112002,113007)
文摘Suppose that X is a right process which is associated with a semi-Dirichlet form （ε, D（ε）） on L2（E; m）. Let J be the jumping measure of （ε, D（ε）） satisfying J（E x E- d） 〈 ∞. Let u E D（ε）b ：= D（ε） N L（E; m）, we have the following Pukushima＇s decomposition u（Xt）-u（X0） --- Mut ＋ Nut. Define Pu f（x） = Ex[eNT f（Xt）]. Let Qu（f,g） = ε（f,g）＋ε（u, fg） for f, g E D（ε）b. In the first part, under some assumptions we show that （Qu, D（ε）b） is lower semi-bounded if and only if there exists a constant a0 〉 0 such that /Put/2 ≤eaot for every t 〉 0. If one of these assertions holds, then （Put〉0is strongly continuous on L2（E;m）. If X is equipped with a differential structure, then under some other assumptions, these conclusions remain valid without assuming J（E x E - d） 〈 ∞. Some examples are also given in this part. Let At be a local continuous additive functional with zero quadratic variation. In the second part, we get the representation of At and give two sufficient conditions for PAf（x） = Ex[eAtf（Xt）] to be strongly continuous.
基金the National Planning Office of Philosophy and Social Science of China(Grant No.21BJY206)。
文摘The covID-19 outbreak has brought unprecedented social attention to economic uncertainty and negative interest rate policy(NIRP).How does uncertainty affect economic activity,and how effective is a NIRP based on central bank digital currency(CBDC)?To answer the two questions,we constructed a dynamic stochastic general equilibrium(DSGE)model that accommodates sticky prices and wages.The results indicated:(i)Economic uncertainty has substantially reduced investment,output,wage,and loans,which increases unemployment risk.In the short term,it has triggered impulsive consumption by households,while consumption has fallen into a slump in the long run.(ii)After suffering an uncertainty shock,the economy entered short-term stagflation and long-term deflation.The short-term stagflation was mainly caused by resident wage adjustment,and the long-term deflation was due to the decline in effective demand caused by unemployment risk.(ii)CBDC could eliminate the zero lower bound(ZLB)constraint,thereby improving the effectiveness of NIRP.Compared with traditional currency,CBDCbased NIRP could more effectively smooth macroeconomic fluctuations and alleviate the negative impact of an uncertainty shock,which is more conducive to restoring market confidence and promoting economic recovery.
