ZERO-CURRENT AND ZERO-VOLTAGE SWITCHING PWM BOOST FULL-BRIDGE CON VERTER

This paper proposes a zer o current and zero voltage switching (ZCZVS) PWM Boost full bridge (FB) conve rter. With series inductors, the leading switches can realize zero current swit ching (ZCS) in a wide load range using the energy of the output capacitor. Ma king use of parasitic capacitors of the lagging switches and parallel auxiliary i nductance with the primary winding of the transformer, the lagging switches can realize zero voltage switching (ZVS) under any load. Compared with the ZCS PWM Boost FB converter, the new converter has no current duty cycle loss. Operat ional principle and parameter design are analyzed. Experimental results verify the effectiveness of the proposed converter.

A NOVEL PHASE SHIFTED ZERO VOLTAGE SWITCHED PWM CONVERTER

Phase shifted converter realizes zero voltage switching (ZVS) with the use of leakage inductance of the main transformer, however, the realization of ZVS for lagging bridge leg is difficult. This paper proposes a current enhanced principle, and based on the principle, a novel phase shifted converter is proposed, which adds an auxi liary resonant net to the conventional full bridge converter to help the lagging bridge leg to realize ZVS. The principle and the design of the novel converter are analyzed, and the simulational and experimental results verify the principle.

A New Zero-Voltage-Switching Push-Pull Converter

A soft switching three-transistor push-pull(TTPP)converter is proposed in this paper. The 3rd transistor is inserted in the primary side of a traditional push-pull converter. Two primitive transistors can achieve zero-voltage-switching (ZVS) easily under a wide load range, the 3rd transistor can also realize zero-voltage-switching assisted by leakage inductance. The rated voltage of the 3rd transistor is half of that of the main transistors. The operation theory is explained in detail. The soft-switching realization conditions are derived. An 800 W with 83.3 kHz switching frequency prototype has been built. The experimental result is provided to verify the analysis.

Event-Triggered Zero-Gradient-Sum Distributed Algorithm for Convex Optimization with Time-Varying Communication Delays and Switching Directed Topologies

Nowadays, distributed optimization algorithms are widely used in various complex networks. In order to expand the theory of distributed optimization algorithms in the direction of directed graph, the distributed convex optimization problem with time-varying delays and switching topologies in the case of directed graph topology is studied. The event-triggered communication mechanism is adopted, that is, the communication between agents is determined by the trigger conditions, and the information exchange is carried out only when the conditions are met. Compared with continuous communication, this greatly saves network resources and reduces communication cost. Using Lyapunov-Krasovskii function method and inequality analysis, a new sufficient condition is proposed to ensure that the agent state finally reaches the optimal state. The upper bound of the maximum allowable delay is given. In addition, Zeno behavior will be proved not to exist during the operation of the algorithm. Finally, a simulation example is given to illustrate the correctness of the results in this paper.

A NEW SOFT-SWITCHING PUSH-PULL THREE-LEVEL CONVERTER

The application areas of conventional push pull converters are limited because of high voltage stress of switches (twice of input voltage). This paper presents a novel zero voltage and zero current switching (ZCS) PWM push pull three level converter in which the voltage stress of switches is input voltage. With phase shifted modulation strategy, the leading switches can only realize zero voltage switching (ZVS), and the lagging switches can realize ZCS when block capacitor and block diodes are added. Using the strategy, the converter overcomes the drawbacks presented by the conventional push pull converter, such as magnetic aberration, large switch loss, and voltage spike on switches, so it can get higher efficiency, and a wider application area. The operating principle of the new converter is analyzed and verified on a 600 W, 50 kHz experimental prototype. Several zero voltage and zero current switching PWM push pull three level converters are proposed.

Simulation on Soft-Switching PWM Converter with High Power Factor

A new PWM converter based on soft switching is introduced. The converter uses a minimum number of devices, and requires less switching operations than conventional techniques. Switching is realized solely in a ZVS (zero voltage switching) mode, therefore the loss is reduced and EMI (electromagnetic interference) is suppressed. The paper analyzes the operation of ZVS, and discusses the methods for maintaining a unit power factor and constant DC voltage. Changing the modulation index M and the phase angle θ keeps the input current in phase with the voltage. It also keeps the current sinusoidal, and ensures a constant output voltage.

SIMULATION AND EXPERIMENTATION OF THE ARC WELDING INVERTER USING THE SOFT SWITCHING TECHNIQUE

The FB-ZVZCS-PWM converter is realized by the way of subjoiningblock-capacitor into the FB-ZVS-PWM converter. At the freewheeling interval, the primary current isattenuated fast to zero and maintained. And then, power device of the static leg becomes azero-current-switch (ZCS), power device of the shifted leg becomes a zero-voltage-switch(ZVS). Thus,on one hand IGBT (Insulated gate bipolar transistor) with tail current can be easily used infull-bridge soft-switching converter; on the other hand additional circuiting energy is greatlyreduced. At the same time, less duty cycle loss, lower secondary parasitic resonance, widersoft-switching load range can be achieved. Based on the existing component models in the Pspicesoftware package, a combined model of IGBT is established, in which a non-linear capacitor isintroduced to replace the parasitic capacitor. Using this model, computerized simulation isconducted for the FB-ZVZCS-PWM soft-switching converter, the switching and energy-transferringcharacteristics of the power device are analyzed. Finally, based on the achievement above, a 10 kWarc welding inverter with FB-ZVZCS-PWM converter is developed. The simulation results are testifiedby experiments. It is proved that by adopting appropriate models, computerized simulation is aneffective and useful tool for the development of the arc welding inverter.

SOFT SWITCHED SYNCHRONOUS RECTIFIER WITH PHASE-SHIFTED FULL BRIDGE CONVERTER AND ITS SMALL-SIGNAL ANALYSIS

By using the output inductors and body capacitances without adding any component compared with hard switching synchronous rectifier,the topology of a soft switched synchronous rectifier with phase-shifted full bridge zero voltage switching DC/DC converter is proposed. The converter efficiency is maximized due to soft switching of the full bridge MOSFETs and the synchronous MOSFETs, and also the low conduction loss of synchronous MOSFET. The operation principles of the circuit are analyzed in detail and the small-signal model is derived, also the converter dynamic characteristics are analyzed. Frequency responses of transfer functions under different values of transformer primary leakage inductance are discussed. The experimental results were obtained from a 400 V input and 100 A/12 V output DC/DC converter operating at 100 kHz. The results show that the converter efficiency is 2% higher in rated power than traditional diode rectifier.

Study of Star-Delta Soft Switch to Extend AC Motor High Speed Operation Region

In traction application,speed range of motor is an important index for motor drives.In AC motor control,the maximum speed of the motor is limited by the output voltage capability of the traditional three-phase inverter with star connenction of windings.Switching the star connection to delta connection in high-speed range can extend the speed range.In order to extend the speed operation region,star-delta switch proposed by many literatures relies on mechanical relay,which needs a dead zone of tens of milliseconds and seriously affects torque output.Besides,the traditional method will cause current overshoot during the switch transient process,decreasing the device security and reliability.Aiming at the defects existing in the star-delta hard switching,this paper proposes a star-delta soft switching method.Without adding extra power electronics devices,DC-bus capacitor is used to provide the path of zero axis current in the transient process,which helps to achieve the smooth torque output and zero current switch in the transient.Experiments have been done to validate the performance of the proposed method.The switching transient from star to delta connection in the motor drive can be much more stable than hard switching method.

Analysis of a novel phase-shifted soft switch converter

In this paper, on the basis of the phase shifted controlled zero voltage switch (ZVS) full bridge converter with pulse width modulation (PWM), a novel zero voltage and zero current switch (ZVZCS) PWM converter using a simple auxiliary circuit was designed. The ZVZCS soft switch is achieved by the resonance among the resisting electromagnetic deflection capacitor, the capacitor of the simple auxiliary network and the leakage inductor of transformer. There are no dissipation devices of the saturation inductor and the auxiliary switch in the converter, meantime the capacitor of the auxiliary circuit is also used to clamp the voltage of the rectifier, and there is no additional clamped circuit. There is no big circulating current in the converter, all the active and passive devices work on the condition of the low current and voltage stress, and the proposed converter has wide load range and small duty loss.

Principle and parameter design of arc welding inverter using soft switching technique

The soft switching are welding inverter reduces switching losses and improves operating environment of devices by using Zero-Voltage-Transition (ZVT) technique. Step-by-step analysis of each timing interval and the associating voltage and current waveforms are included for the Full-Bridge Zero-Voltage-Switched PWM converter. Numerous design equations supporting the phase-shifted soft switching technique are highlighted.

ANALYSIS OF ZERO-VOLTAGE QUASI-RESONANT BOOST DC-DC CONVERTER

The zero-voltage quasi-resonant boost switching DC-DC converter has been inves-tigated by using the time averaging equivalent circuit approach of periodically switching linearnetworks.The DC steady state and AC small signal characteristics of the converter are also given.

A State Space Modeling of Non-Isolated Bidirectional DC-DC Converter with Active Switch

In this paper, analysis, design and implementation of non-isolated soft-switching bidirectional DC-DC converter with an active switch are described. The proposed topology gives the output voltage as twice as the input voltage and enhances the efficiency up to 94.5% and 92.9% for boost and buck mode operation by proper selection of the duty cycle. Soft switching can be achieved at both steps up and step down operating modes. Small signal analysis based on state space averaging and transfer functions have been presented in detail for the proposed converter. Finally, the feasibility of the desired converter is confirmed to mat lab simulation and investigational results.

Design and Experimentation of FPGA-Based Soft-Switched Interleaved Boost Converter for Telecommunication System

This paper proposes the design and experimentation of digital control of soft-switched interleaved boost converter using FPGA for Telecommunication System. The switching devices in the proposed converter are turned on and off with Zero Voltage Switching (ZVS) and Zero Current Switching (ZCS) respectively. The circuit is operated in Continuous Conduction Mode (CCM) with various load ranges having duty cycle of more than 50%. The proposed converter is studied by developing the simulation module in MATLAB/SIMULINK. A PI controller is designed and implemented in FPGA to obtain a regulated DC output for line and load variations. Simulation and experimentation results are verified with a prototype development of the proposed converter. The results indicate that the converter performance is enhanced with closed loop control.

宽增益高效率CLLLC变换器的变频双移相调制策略

在输入电压宽范围变化时,变频调制CLLLC变换器存在开关频率变化范围宽的问题,而移相调制CLLLC变换器难以实现宽范围零电压导通(ZVS)。为了实现宽输入电压CLLLC变换器的高效率,该文提出一种变频双移相调制方法。通过同时调节开关频率、一次侧全桥和二次侧全桥之间的移相角,拓宽CLLLC变换器的增益并提高其效率。采用时域分析法求解变频双移相调制CLLLC变换器的电压增益与谐振电感电流有效值,并分析频率以及移相角对电压增益和谐振电感电流有效值的影响。最后,通过搭建一台100~300 V输入、48 V/400 W输出的实验样机,验证了理论分析的正确性。

Multi-Phase QR ZCS Switched-Capacitor Bidirectional Power Converter for PV System Application

The multi-phase implementation in the QR （quasi resonant） ZCS （zero current switching） SC （switched capacitor） bidirectional DC-DC converter structure has been proposed to reduce current ripple, switching loss and significantly increase the converter efficiency and power density. This approach provides a more precise output voltage to obtain voltage conversion ratios from the double-mode versus half-mode to n-mode versus 1/n mode. This is accomplished by adding a different number of switched-capacitors and power MOSFET switches with a small series connected resonant inductor for forward and reverse schemes. The size and cost can be reduced when the proposed converter has been designed with the coupled inductors. The simulation and experimental results have been used to demonstrate the performance of the two-phase with and without coupled inductor interleaved QR ZCS SC converters for bidirectional power flow control application, and an extending structure for N-phase is mentioned.

基于谐振变换器的串联储能单元均压控制策略

储能系统中通常通过串联多个储能单体得到更高的电压,但由于每个储能单体电压的不一致性会降低储能单元的利用率。针对以上问题,提出一种基于谐振变换器的串联储能单元均压控制策略。该均衡电路通过开关阵列与谐振变换器相互配合,实现任意单体之间和任意多单体之间的能量传递,且这两种能量传递模式均实现了零电流开关,减少了电路损耗。为获得最优均衡速度和均衡效率,采用K-Means聚类复合控制策略,优先对分组单元进行均衡,然后再进行单体间的均衡。最后,在Matlab/Simulink平台上对6个串联储能单体进行均衡仿真实验,实验结果表明,在静置均衡实验下,电压在24 min左右达到均衡,且均衡精度达到5 mV,均衡效率达到98.98%。与传统均压方法相比,该方法具有更快的均衡速度和更高的均衡效率。

采用万向开关的马歇特锤击零时刻确定方法

针对电子时间引信马歇特锤击测试过程中信号检测时采用加速度传感器频繁故障问题,提出采用万向开关确定马歇特锤击零时刻。根据马歇特锤击试验条件选定了万向开关关键参数,并设计低通RC滤波电路,采用将万向开关固定于马歇特锤击头部位,锤击时通过模拟信号滤波电路模块对万向开关闭合信号进行滤波,并采用示波器或中断采集电路进行监测,实现锤击过载零时刻确定,为测试信号提供零时基准。实验测试结果表明,该方法能够有效测量电子时间引信起爆输出计时精度,其采用的硬件简单,工程可行性强,可靠性高,可完全替代加速度计产生零时刻的方案。

具有混合控制策略的宽输出双全桥LLC谐振变换器

针对宽输出电压范围应用中传统频率控制的LLC型谐振变换器存在开关频率调节范围宽、循环电流大及难实现高效运行等问题,提出1种具有定频移相-定频PWM混合控制策略的双全桥LLC型谐振变换器,以适用于较宽输出电压范围。其由2个全桥LLC型谐振变换器共用1个桥臂组合而成,输出电压通过定频移相-定频PWM混合控制进行调节,使该谐振变换器实现4倍电压增益范围以获得较宽输出电压,同时解决传统频率控制中循环电流过大及在移相控制移相角小时的软开关不能实现问题,提升系统效率。该转换器开关频率工作在谐振频率点,电压增益与负载无关且有助于磁性元件设计,在全负载范围内实现软开关。最后给出详细的电路工作原理分析并通过仿真进行验证,搭建实验平台验证了所提变换器的可行性和有效性。

二次侧附加电容磁复位正激变换器电气性能分析及参数设计

由于二次侧附加电容磁复位正激变换器具有结构简单等优点,因此有着较好的应用前景,但目前尚未见附加电容对电气性能影响及其设计方法的研究报道。为此,该文通过深入分析附加电容C_(b)对变换器工作模式和能量传输过程的影响,指出变换器存在四种组合工作模式,且励磁电感断续导通模式(DCM)/正激电感连续导通模式(CCM)最佳。C_(b)不仅能将励磁能量传输到负载,还可调节开关管电压应力,在负载不太大时实现续流二极管零电流关断(ZCS)和开关管低电压导通。通过分析C_(b)对变换器电气性能的影响,指出开关管电压应力随C_(b)增大而降低,开关管低电压导通性能随C_(b)和正激电感的减小而提升,并提出了一种确保变换器工作于最佳模式且可最大程度提升电气性能的参数设计方法。实例和实验结果验证了理论分析的正确性和设计方法的可行性。