The Effects of Nutrition Lick Brick and Salt Brick as Supplement Feed on the Production Performance of Tan Sheep

In the paper, the effects of nutrition lick brick and salt brick as supple-ment feed on the performance of Tan sheep were studied. 36 fattening Tan sheep with the average weight of about 23 kg were chosen, they were randomly divided into 3 groups according to the weight, and each group had 12 sheep. Control group was fed with normal daily ration, experimental group 1 was fed with normal daily ration＋nutrition lick brick, experimental group 2 was fed with normal daily ration＋salt brick, the experimental period was 60 d. The results showed that 1） compared with CK, daily gain of group 1 improved 17.09%（P〈0.01）, feed conversion ratio reduced 11.69%（P〈0.05）, and average gross profit per sheep improved 51.65 yuan; daily gain of group 2 improved 7.03%（P〈0.05）, feed conversion ratio reduced 4.06%（P〉0.05）, and average gross profit per sheep improved 19.78 yuan; 2） compared with group 2, daily gain of group 1 improved 9.40%（P〈0.05）, feed conversion ratio re-duced 7.96%（P〈0.05）, and average gross profit per sheep improved 31.87 yuan;these indicated that nutrition lick brick and salt brick as supplement feed for Tan sheep both can improve the production performance of Tan sheep, and the supple-mentary feeding effect of nutrition lick brick was better.

Measurement of the Effects of Nutritional Education for Reducing Sodium Intakes and Increasing Potassium Intakes

Background: The Togolese population, like those around the world, frequently consumes foods high in salt/sodium and low in potassium, thus exposing them to cardiovascular disease (CVD). Nutritional intervention can help reverse this consumption pattern and reduce related CVD morbidity and mortality. The objective of this study was to measure the effects of a nutrition education intervention on the consumption frequencies of foods rich in sodium and potassium. Methods: The study was a quasi-experimental before- and-after study, conducted from 08 January to 16 April 2023. It involved 200 adults aged 25 - 64 years, randomly selected from two areas: an intervention area and a non-intervention area. Data were collected in two phases at 3-month intervals in both groups. The intervention consisted of nutrition education (awareness raising and cooking demonstrations) on reducing salt/sodium intake and increasing potassium-rich food intake. The kobocollect electronic questionnaire was administered to the respondents to collect data on the frequency of consumption of foods rich in sodium and potassium. Results: The median age of the respondents was 33 years old (30;38) and 56% of the participants were women, 44% and 69% respectively in the control and intervention groups. Most participants lived in rural areas (51%), 52.4% and 49.5% in the control and intervention groups respectively. Overall, 4% (p individuals reduced their frequency of adding salt at mealtime from more than 3 times a week to less than 3 times, i.e., 5.6% in the intervention group and 1.7% in the control group. The proportion of individuals who consumed meals with green leafy vegetable sauces was reduced from more than 3 times a week to less than 3 times, i.e., 7.5% (p < 0.022), or 1% in the intervention group and 4% in the control group. Education level (0.23 [0.10 - 0.50];p - 6.35];p < 0.0006) were associated with reduced salt addition at meals. The same trend was observed for increased consumption of green leafy vegetable sauces (0.95 [0.03 - 0.99];p male (2 [1.08 - 1.84];p Conclusion: This study was able to measure the effects of a nutrition education intervention for adequate sodium and potassium intakes on changing favourable dietary behaviour through a quasi-experimental study. The results show that the continuation of the intervention will contribute to the adoption of favourable behaviours for the reduction of dietary sodium intakes and the optimisation of potassium intakes.

Salt Consumption Patterns and Iodine Nutrition Status of Pregnant Women in Coastal Region

Background: Maternal Iodine Deficiency Disorder can result in inevitable cretinism as well as miscarriages, stillbirth and low birth-weight babies. Objective: There is a need to find out contributing factors towards urinary iodine concentrations of pregnant women. Methods: Therefore, the cross-sectional, descriptive study was conducted to assess the patterns of salt utilization and iodine status of pregnant women living in coastal areas of Mon State in January and May, 2013. Result: A total of 144 pregnant women from Pa-Nga village and Kalokepi village in Thanbyuzayat township were asked by using structured questionnaires including age, parity, socioeconomic status and patterns of salt and iodine-rich foods (seaweed, fish, prawn) consumption. Casual urine samples were collected from each pregnant woman and urinary iodine concentrations were measured. Three samples each of the iodized salt and non-iodized salt from local markets were collected for determination of iodine content by the iodometric titration method. Only 83.3% of the study population consumed iodized salt and the remaining (16.7%) consumed non-iodized salt. The median urinary iodine concentration of the study population was 105 μg/L. The mean urinary iodine level of pregnant women who consumed iodized salt and that of pregnant women who consumed non-iodizes salt were 110.47 ± 67.34 μg/L and 95.83 ± 70.13 μg/L (P = 0.336). Iodine content of the iodized salt and non-iodized salt was 20.6 ± 9.2 ppm and 5.1 ± 1.2 ppm respectively. In conclusion, the median iodine level of pregnant women was lower than that of the optimal iodine nutrition for pregnant women, i.e., 150 - 250 μg/L and the mean iodine content of salt samples was lower than the permissible level of iodine in iodized salt, i.e., 30 - 40 ppm. Conclusion: Our findings indicate that iodine nutritional status of pregnant women in this area is insufficient and salt iodization needs to be monitored for the optimal iodine content in iodized salt.

不同种类黄骅低盐虾酱的营养测定与综合评价

该研究在制备3种低盐虾酱(低盐虾米酱、低盐虾丝酱和低盐对虾酱)的基础上,对其营养成分进行测定,采用营养质量指数(INQ)、营养素安全摄入上限(UL)、氨基酸评分(AAS)、致动脉粥样硬化指数(AI)和致血栓指数(TI)等指标对3种低盐虾酱进行综合评价。结果表明,低盐虾米酱、低盐对虾酱和低盐虾丝酱蛋白质的含量分别为14.80 g/100 g、14.90 g/100 g、13.70 g/100 g,且氨基酸评分均>97分,矿物质和维生素的INQ值均>1(1.51~30.80),维生素和矿物质风险指数较低(1.11%~13.33%),AI值和TI值分别为0.58、0.35、0.53;0.07、0.16、0.06,n-6不饱和脂肪酸/n-3不饱和脂肪酸(n-6PUFA/n-3PUFA)比值分别为0.12、0.98和0.16。因此,3种低盐虾酱是低能量、高营养食品,导致心血管疾病的风险较低。

东营市河口区重点人群食用盐碘含量及尿碘含量检测结果分析

目的:分析东营市河口区重点人群食用盐碘含量及尿碘含量检测结果,为科学化防治碘缺乏病提供参考。方法:于2024年1月随机抽取东营市河口区儿童1200名和孕妇600名作为研究对象。采集研究对象家中食用盐样本及尿液样本,开展盐碘、尿碘含量检测。结果:5个乡镇(街道)中,孤岛镇碘盐覆盖率最高,为49.17%;孤岛镇合格碘盐食用率最高,为44.44%;河口街道碘盐覆盖率最低,为35.00%;河口街道合格碘盐食用率最低,为32.22%。重点人群合格碘盐食用率<90%。收集儿童尿样1200份,尿碘中位数190.17µg/L,处于适宜状态,其中298人<100µg/L,占24.83%;461人尿碘为100~<200µg/L,占38.42%;284人尿碘为200~<300µg/L,占23.67%;157人尿碘≥300µg/L,占13.08%。收集孕妇尿样600份,尿碘中位数163.13µg/L,处于适宜状态,其中88人尿碘<100µg/L,占14.67%;310人尿碘为100~<150µg/L,占51.67%;120人尿碘150~<250µg/L,占20.00%;51人尿碘250~<500µg/L,占8.50%;31人尿碘≥500µg/L,占5.17%。结论:东营市河口区重点人群食用非碘盐人群较多,合格碘盐食用率较低,儿童碘营养状况整体处于适宜水平,但孕妇的碘营养状态存在明显不足问题。

盐胁迫对紫花苜蓿生长发育及营养品质影响的研究进展

我国耕地资源紧张和优质饲草料严重短缺,利用盐碱地发展饲草产业既符合国家草牧业发展战略又能改变优质饲草料缺乏的局面。盐胁迫是重要的非生物胁迫之一,严重影响了植物的健康生长发育。了解盐胁迫对紫花苜蓿生长发育、产量及营养物质的影响有利于实现盐碱地资源的开发与利用,减轻日益增加的粮食压力。文中总结了盐胁迫对紫花苜蓿种子萌发、气孔导度及发芽状态等生理变化,探讨了盐胁迫对紫花苜蓿产量、碳水化合物、蛋白质含量的调控作用,并对今后的研究进行了展望。

菜籽蛋白的弱酸高盐法提取工艺优化及品质分析

旨在揭示弱酸高盐法提取菜籽蛋白的潜力,以脱脂低温压榨菜籽饼为原料,MgCl2溶液为提取液,采用弱酸高盐法提取菜籽蛋白,采用单因素实验研究提取温度、提取pH、提取时间、提取液浓度及料液比对菜籽蛋白提取率的影响,采用正交实验进行菜籽蛋白的弱酸高盐法提取工艺优化,并比较弱酸高盐法菜籽蛋白与碱提酸沉法菜籽蛋白在抗营养因子(植酸、硫苷和单宁)含量与感官特性(气味、色泽)上的差异。结果表明:弱酸高盐法提取菜籽蛋白的最佳工艺条件为提取温度50℃、提取pH 6.5、提取时间150 min、提取液浓度150 mmol/L、料液比1∶30,在最佳工艺条件下菜籽蛋白提取率为(48.00±1.12)%,纯度为(73.99±2.87)%;弱酸高盐法菜籽蛋白的单宁含量为(0.90±0.06)%,植酸含量为(0.04±0.01)%,未检测出硫苷,色泽为浅黄色,各指标明显优于碱提酸沉法菜籽蛋白。弱酸高盐法作为一种温和的工艺在菜籽蛋白提取方面具有较好的开发潜力和应用前景。

澜沧县2021-2023年妊娠期妇女碘营养水平现状调查

目的 对澜沧县孕妇食盐、尿碘进行调查,评价该县孕妇碘营养状况,为科学补碘提供依据。方法 根据《全国碘缺乏病监测方案》要求按辖区方位进行抽样,收集其尿样及家中食用盐,测定尿碘、盐碘含量。结果 共调查290人;该县非碘盐率检出率仅1%;三年碘盐覆盖率均>90%;孕妇MUI为205.41μg/L;勐朗镇(57.5%)、惠民(51.6%)、南岭(50%)等乡镇尿检结果<150μg/L者较多,酒井(25%)、上允(15%)尿碘≥500μg/L者较多,不同乡镇尿碘分布、MUI差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 该地非碘盐率总体处于较低水平、碘盐覆盖率较好、碘盐合格率总体均达到国家碘缺乏病消除标准;建议对该地实施因地制宜的科学补碘策略。

上海市青浦区 2015—2023 年孕妇碘营养状况调查

目的了解上海市青浦区2015—2023年孕妇碘营养状况,为制定区域内干预策略提供依据。方法每个街镇随机抽取20~30名共计1152名孕妇,采集其家中食用盐样并检测尿样碘含量,结合统计学方法进行分析。结果调查对象的盐碘含量为24.40 mg/kg,合格碘盐食用率为61.37%,碘盐合格率为84.67%,碘盐覆盖率为72.48%。近年青浦区的碘盐合格率、碘盐覆盖率、合格碘盐食用率均呈现下降趋势(P<0.01)。合格碘盐食用率与碘盐覆盖率之间呈正相关关系(P<0.05)。结论孕妇群体的碘营养状况整体处于适宜水平,但仍有近半数碘营养水平不足。应加强健康宣教,倡导科学补碘、按需补碘。

洗脱对上覆水环境及底泥氮磷迁移转化的影响

基于黑臭水塘底泥和水构建模拟体系,进行扰动前洗腹处理,探测洗脱转移底泥中底泥存量、容重及细颗粒占比的变化,检测扰动或洗脱前后静置状态下系统中上覆水浊度、溶解氧(dissolved oxygen,DO)及上覆水和底泥间隙水中氮磷质量浓度变化。结果表明:洗脱可有效削减底泥中细颗粒物,削减底泥存量,增加底泥容重,提升上覆水透明度。扰动或洗脱前,上覆水DO低、总氮(total nitrogen,TN)和氨氮高、总磷(total phosphorus,TP)平稳、溶解性总磷(dissolved total phosphorus,DTP)波动上升,底泥间隙水氨氮质量浓度是上覆水中的2倍。扰动处理后水中DO不增反降,但洗脱组水中的DO大幅升高。扰动和洗脱后上覆水DTP质量浓度下降约80%,其他形态氮磷质量浓度在洗脱组的升高幅度显著低于扰动处理,此后63 d洗脱组氮磷质量浓度以更快速度、更大幅度下降,最终各处理中NO_(3)-N为氮的主要形态。与此同时,扰动后底泥间隙水氮、TP、DTP质量浓度分别降低50%、77%、40%,洗脱后则分别降至10%以下、14%、38%,氨氮仍是间隙水氮的主要形态,但洗脱组氨氮占TN比例低于扰动组。仅扰动处理底泥氨氮、DTP以向上覆水释放为主,而洗脱后则以吸收为主。

南阳市8~10岁儿童碘营养水平与甲状腺肿流行现状研究

目的:了解南阳市8~10岁儿童碘营养水平与甲状腺肿流行现状,为适时采取针对性防治措施和科学调整干预策略提供依据。方法:2023年采用分层随机抽样法,选取南阳市4个县(区) 20所学校的842名8~10岁非寄宿制学生为研究对象。结果:842名8~10岁儿童盐碘中位数为26.20 mg/kg,合格碘盐覆盖率为98.46%,尿碘中位数为220.39μg/L,甲状腺肿大率为1.66%。不同年龄、地区儿童尿碘含量比较,差异均有统计学意义(χ^(2)值分别为8.637、93.271,P<0.05)。其中,宛城区儿童尿碘含量最高,其次是方城县;9岁儿童尿碘含量最高,8岁与10岁儿童次之。儿童盐碘含量与甲状腺容积、尿碘含量的相关系数分别为0.168、0.069,尿碘含量与甲状腺容积相关系数为0.189,本次监测儿童盐碘含量与甲状腺容积、尿碘含量,尿碘含量与甲状腺容积之间均存在显著正相关关系。结论:南阳市儿童总体处于碘营养充足水平,但一部分儿童还存在碘摄入过多或过少的风险。儿童总体甲状腺肿大率处于较低水平。此次调查的4个县(区)合格碘盐覆盖率均>90.00%,儿童尿碘中位数均>100.00μg/L,甲状腺肿大率均<5.00%,符合国家碘缺乏病消除评估标准。

鲁氏接合酵母对高盐和高温胁迫响应的差异性与共性分析

针对高温(40℃)和高盐(18%NaCl)逆境设计了最低营养需求全合成培养基,分析了鲁氏接合酵母(Zygosaccharomyces rouxii)在长期逆境下生长的营养需求差异,重点解析了酵母细胞从生长适应期到对数生长初期阶段有机酸、氨基酸和糖类物质的代谢及基因表达差异。研究结果显示,遭遇高盐压力的鲁氏接合酵母细胞更需要外源氨基酸,而补充维生素和氨基酸有助于缓解酵母细胞的高温压力。鲁氏接合酵母针对高盐和高温逆境采用了差异明显的有机酸、氨基酸和糖代谢策略。MSN4(逆境转录子基因)和HOG1(高渗调控蛋白基因)响应高盐,而HSF1(热激调控蛋白基因)和SOD1(超氧化物歧化酶基因)对高温响应。本研究加深了对耐盐鲁氏接合酵母耐温机制的理解,有助于双抗新能力酿造酵母菌株的研制。

2022—2024年阳山县重点人群碘营养状况分析

目的:分析阳山县重点人群(8~10岁儿童及孕妇)的碘营养状况,为制定有效的碘缺乏病预防策略提供科学依据。方法:将阳山县辖区划分为东、南、西、北、中5个片区,每个片区随机选取40名8~10岁儿童及20名孕妇作为监测对象,采集监测对象的尿液及其家中食用盐样本进行碘含量检测。结果:2022—2024年共检测食用盐900份,盐碘中位数为25.3 mg·kg^(-1),碘盐覆盖率为99.7%;合格碘盐食用率为98.1%,乡镇(98.8%)高于城区(95.6%)(Z=8.037,p<0.05);共检测8~10岁儿童尿样600份,尿碘中位数为197μg·L^(-1),不同年份尿碘中位数差异有统计学意义(H=23.009,p<0.05),城区(233μg·L^(-1))高于乡镇(185μg·L^(-1))(Z=3.608,p<0.05);共检测孕妇尿样300份,尿碘中位数为157μg·L^(-1),不同年份、城乡孕妇尿碘中位数差异无统计学意义(p>0.05)。结论:阳山县重点人群碘营养整体处于适宜水平,符合国家碘缺乏病消除标准,但碘营养不足和过量仍占相当比例。应结合实际,分类指导,持续做好重点人群碘营养知识普及工作,科学补碘,预防碘缺乏病。

2016-2023年临川区重点人群碘营养状况调查分析

目的 分析2016-2023年临川区重点人群碘营养状况调查报告.方法 选择2016-2023年临川区各乡镇共2400名参检者作为研究对象,其中学生1600名,孕妇800名.对所有研究对象进行盐碘及尿碘检测,分析2016-2023年临川区8-10岁儿童、孕妇盐碘及尿碘检测结果.结果 临川区8-10岁儿童中2021年合格碘盐食用率最高,且盐碘水平较高;临川区8-10岁儿童2018年合格碘盐食用率较低,盐碘水平较低;临川区孕妇2021年盐碘检测中合格碘盐食用率及盐碘水平最高,而2017年孕妇碘盐食用合格率及碘盐水平均低于其他年份.不同年龄儿童尿碘水平<100μg/L、200μg/L≤尿碘中位数<300μg/L对比,无统计学差异(P>0.05);9岁儿童100μg/L≤尿碘中位数<200μg/L检出率高于8岁及10岁,8岁儿童尿碘水平≥300μg/L检出率高于9岁及10岁,有统计学差异(P<0.05).与孕中期及孕早期相比,孕晚期孕妇碘营养不足发生率较高,有统计学差异(P<0.05);不同孕周孕妇碘营养适宜、碘营养超过适宜量、碘营养过量发生率比较,无统计学差异(P>0.05).结论 2016-2023年临川区重点人群碘营养水平评估中仍存在部分碘缺乏或碘过量,但整体处于适宜水平,要求临床需加强对重点人群碘营养的监测,并予以针对性的干预,以提升重点人群的健康素养.

2018—2022年龙口市8~10岁儿童碘营养状况分析

目的:探讨2018—2022年龙口市8~10岁儿童碘营养状况,为今后开展碘缺乏病防治工作提供依据。方法:2018—2022年,采取分层抽样与单纯随机抽样相结合的抽样方法,每年在龙口市按方位抽取5所小学,在每所小学抽取8~10岁的非寄宿学生40人,累计1000人,采集该群学生的随机中段尿样及家庭中所用食盐样品,检测尿碘含量及盐碘含量。结果:2018—2022年龙口市8~10岁儿童尿碘中位数分别为147.25μg/L、174.13μg/L、161.45μg/L、138.75μg/L、104.84μg/L,均处于碘适宜水平。盐碘中位数分别为20.95 mg/kg、21.10 mg/kg、21.10 mg/kg、18.10 mg/kg、20.10 mg/kg,均处于合格碘盐水平。各年份的碘盐覆盖率总体处于下降趋势。食用加碘食盐的儿童群体尿碘中位数高于食用非碘盐的儿童群体尿碘中位数,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:龙口市儿童碘营养水平总体处于适宜水平,但儿童尿碘中位数及合格碘盐食用率处于下降趋势,应加强学校、社区、医疗机构等场所教育宣传,倡导普通家庭使用加碘食盐,以保障儿童群体的碘营养水平。

Effect of salt reduction on nutritional,functional and sensory aspects of Anhui‑style doubanjiang,a traditional Chinese broad bean paste

This study aimed to reveal the effect of salt reduction on the nutritional,functional and sensory aspects of doubanjiang through preparing three sets of doubanjiang fermentation(Sample H,Sample M and Sample L)with different salt concentrations.The results showed that fermentation with lower salt concentration led to significantly higher amino acids concentrations in doubanjiang,while the organic acids concentrations were also slightly increased.For biologically active compounds,the concentrations of total flavonoids,total phenols and five monomer isoflavones in Sample L were all significantly higher than those in Sample M and Sample H.Moreover,better anti-oxidant ability was observed in doubanjiang samples fermented with lower salt concentration.Bacillus and Millerozyma genus were found to be closely related to the formation of amino acids and biologically active compounds in doubanjiang,while organic acids were highly correlated with Cronobacter,Erwinia,Trabulsiella,Enterobacter and Millerozyma genus.Through sensory evaluation and electric tongue,unsatisfactory sensory characteristics,such as lighter color,strong acid taste and off-flavor,were found in lower salt fermented doubanjiang samples.This indicated that lower salt concentration favored the nutrition and function of doubanjiang while negatively influenced doubanjiang flavor.This study deepened our understanding of the roles of salt concentration on doubanjiang fermentation and provided guidance for the further development of low-salt doubanjiang.

水碘含量对学龄儿童碘营养水平影响及干预措施的研究

目的调查分析江门市新会区水碘含量对学龄儿童碘营养水平的影响,并根据调查结果提出学龄儿童碘营养有关的干预措施。方法研究类型为横断面调查研究,抽样方法为简单随机抽样法,以2022年1—10月在江门市新会区11个镇随机抽取的1所小学8~10岁学生440名(男女各半)为调查对象,采集调查对象尿液、食用盐及饮用水水样分别测定碘含量。结果440例8~10岁学龄儿童尿碘中位数为255.90μg/L,27.95%儿童尿碘处于正常水平,5.23%儿童尿碘偏低,66.82%儿童尿碘水平偏高;盐碘含量平均值为(24.99±5.26)μg/L,94.32%儿童盐碘为合格水平,3.18%儿童盐碘含量不足,2.50%儿童盐碘含量过量;水碘含量中位数为5.45μg/L,所有水样检测均为碘缺乏。相关性分析显示,8~10岁学龄儿童盐碘与尿碘无明显相关性(P>0.05);水碘与尿碘呈显著的正相关性(r=0.156,P=0.001);线性回归显示,盐碘含量与尿碘无明显关联,水碘含量每上升1μg/L,尿碘将增加6.700μg/L(P=0.001)。结论本组学龄儿童66.82%处于碘营养过剩水平,水碘含量和尿碘水平有正相关性,盐碘含量和尿碘水平无明显关联,低盐、低碘盐饮食或是改变学龄儿童碘营养过剩的实用策略。

Assessment of iodine nutritional status of people in Qinghai Province after the content of salt iodine decreased

Objective To understand the iodine nutritional status of people in Qinghai Province after implementation of new standard of salt iodine,and provide the basis for prevention and control of iodine deficiency disorders.Methods The monitoring data of 2011 and 2014

不同水碘地区重点人群碘营养水平及其干预效果研究

目的研究不同水碘地区停供碘盐对特需人群碘营养的影响,以探讨停供碘盐的饮水碘含量的切点值。方法选择水碘50-100（A）、100-150（B）、150-300（C）和〉300μg/L（D）不同水平4个自然村,进行居民户饮用水、食用盐和儿童甲状腺肿大率（甲肿率）调查,动态检测停供碘盐前后学龄儿童和育龄妇女尿碘水平变化。结果A、B、C、D4组的水碘中位数为93.20、143.23、194.10和805.85μg/L,盐碘中位数为25.38、28.21、30.01和32.87mg/kg,甲肿率为15.9%、5.9%、12.7%和24.0%。干预前4组居民尿碘中位数（MUI）为384.60、374.85、439.90和1260.10μg/L;尿碘水平100-300μg/L的比例各占32.3%、28.3%、13.6%和1.0%,〉300μg/L的各占67.7%、70.8%、86.4%和99.0%,尿碘水平均向高值偏移。干预1、2个月后4组居民尿碘水平均有不同程度下降。A、B2组居民尿碘水平在2个月后降到300μg/L之内其碘营养适宜,而C、D2组碘营养依旧明显过量。A、B、C3组尿碘水平向高值偏移程度在干预后都明显减小。尿碘与水碘之间均呈正相关（P〈0.001）。无论儿童还是妇女其干预后的尿碘水平均低于干预前水平,A组尤其明显。水碘与尿碘和甲肿率之间均为正相关（P〈0.001）。结论水碘90μg/L左右地区停供碘盐之后人群碘营养处于适宜水平,可以安全地停止食用碘盐;水碘〉100μg/L地区人群碘营养仍然明显过量,故不宜实行全民食盐加碘措施。

我国居民食盐消费量与血压水平关系研究

目的分析我国居民食盐消费量与血压水平的关系,为指导人们通过合理膳食预防高血压提供科学依据。方法使用2002年中国居民营养与健康状况调查中"一年食物频率调查"数据和实测的血压数据,对45 349名15岁及以上居民的食盐消费量与血压水平及高血压的关系进行分析。结果我国15岁及以上居民的高血压患病率为18.2%,正常高值检出率为36.0%。男性高血压患病率为20.4%,高于女性的16.2%;城市18.8%,高于农村的17.9%。高血压的患病率随着食盐消费量的增加而增加。调整影响血压的混杂因素后,居民食盐消费量与收缩压、舒张压呈显著相关关系(P<0.05),每人每天食盐平均消费量在6g～、12g～、≥18g的人群高血压患病率分别为<6g人群的1.09倍、1.14倍和1.28倍;成年职业人群每人每天食盐平均消费量在6g～、12g～、≥18g的人群高血压患病率分别为<6g人群的1.13倍、1.11倍和1.30倍。结论我国居民的高血压患病率已经达到一个较高水平,且与食盐消费量有明显关系。因此,应进一步加强对居民的健康教育,提倡清淡少盐饮食.这对于开展我国居民高血压的防治工作有着极其重要的作用。