The properties of yttria stabilized zirconia（YSZ） related to the sintering process were discussed.YSZ nano-powders about 40-100 nm as raw material,the sub-micrometer grain sizes such as 0.4-3 μm in YSZ were gotten ...The properties of yttria stabilized zirconia（YSZ） related to the sintering process were discussed.YSZ nano-powders about 40-100 nm as raw material,the sub-micrometer grain sizes such as 0.4-3 μm in YSZ were gotten by sintering process at 1300 ℃,which was performed at 1000 ℃ for 2 h,then raised the temperature at the rate of 50 ℃ / h to 1400 ℃,then decreased directly to 1300 ℃ in 30 minutes,finally at 1300 ℃ for 5-20 hours.The ratio of bigger grain size becomes larger as the holding time increasing at 1300 ℃.The grains less than 1 μm are about 50%,eg,43.2%,52.2% and 51.1% related to 1300 ℃ holding 5 hours,8 hours and 10 hours,respectively.As YSZ grain size became small,the electrical conductivities did not decrease,even increased,about 0.20 s/cm at 1000 ℃.The reduced sintering temperature and time were benefited to co-fire with the electrodes in electrode-supported SOFCs.展开更多
管状电解质支撑型固体氧化物燃料电池(SOFC)具有稳定性高、电极选择范围广、易封接等优点,很适合应用于直接碳固体氧化物燃料电池(DC-SOFC)现阶段的基础研究中。为实现管状电解质支撑型SOFC的便捷制备,本研究开发了管状YSZ(钇稳定化氧化...管状电解质支撑型固体氧化物燃料电池(SOFC)具有稳定性高、电极选择范围广、易封接等优点,很适合应用于直接碳固体氧化物燃料电池(DC-SOFC)现阶段的基础研究中。为实现管状电解质支撑型SOFC的便捷制备,本研究开发了管状YSZ(钇稳定化氧化锆)电解质支撑膜的浸渍法制备工艺。组装了电极材料为Ag-GDC(钆掺杂氧化铈)的电解质支撑型SOFC单电池。测试了单电池分别以加湿氢气和担载5%(w,质量分数)Fe的活性炭为燃料,环境空气为氧化剂的电性能。电池的开路电压接近理论值,且扫描电镜分析结果表明电解质膜致密。单电池以活性碳为燃料在800°C取得了280 m W?cm^(-2)的最大功率密度,接近其以加湿氢气为燃料的330 m W?cm^(-2)。交流阻抗谱结果表明YSZ电解质的欧姆电阻是影响电池性能的主要原因。DC-SOFC以恒电流1 A放电,运行了2.1 h,燃料利用率为36%。DC-SOFC二次装载碳燃料后的电性能几乎与初次的性能一样,表明制备的YSZ电解质支撑膜可稳定的应用于DC-SOFCs中。分析了DC-SOFC放电过程中电性能衰减的机制。展开更多
氧化钇稳定氧化锆(yttria-stabilized zirconia,YSZ)是目前使用最多的电解质材料,YSZ结构和性能的长期稳定对固体氧化物燃料电池(solid oxide full cell,SOFC)系统的可靠性至关重要。重点研究了具有亚微米结构的YSZ在850℃环境中的长期...氧化钇稳定氧化锆(yttria-stabilized zirconia,YSZ)是目前使用最多的电解质材料,YSZ结构和性能的长期稳定对固体氧化物燃料电池(solid oxide full cell,SOFC)系统的可靠性至关重要。重点研究了具有亚微米结构的YSZ在850℃环境中的长期老化性能,结果发现:在850℃空气气氛中老化处理300h后,YSZ中小于1μm的部分晶粒出现了继续生长的现象,使得小于1μm晶粒比例下降10%～20%;当这部分晶粒长大到1～2μm,呈现稳定状态,即没有出现晶粒的过分长大;老化600h和1000h后,小晶粒(小于1μm)所占比例几乎不变。伴随着晶粒尺寸分布变化,YSZ电解质的电导率也比老化处理初期(300h)有所降低;当老化处理600h后,电导率下降趋势变缓;老化处理1000h后,电导率基本稳定,且1000℃电导率仍然保持在0.15S/cm以上。电导率下降主要是由YSZ晶粒部分长大引起的。具有上述性能的YSZ用作SOFC电解质可以满足长期使用的要求。展开更多
基金Funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC)(No. 50730004)the New Century Elitist Project (No. NCET-06-0203)
文摘The properties of yttria stabilized zirconia（YSZ） related to the sintering process were discussed.YSZ nano-powders about 40-100 nm as raw material,the sub-micrometer grain sizes such as 0.4-3 μm in YSZ were gotten by sintering process at 1300 ℃,which was performed at 1000 ℃ for 2 h,then raised the temperature at the rate of 50 ℃ / h to 1400 ℃,then decreased directly to 1300 ℃ in 30 minutes,finally at 1300 ℃ for 5-20 hours.The ratio of bigger grain size becomes larger as the holding time increasing at 1300 ℃.The grains less than 1 μm are about 50%,eg,43.2%,52.2% and 51.1% related to 1300 ℃ holding 5 hours,8 hours and 10 hours,respectively.As YSZ grain size became small,the electrical conductivities did not decrease,even increased,about 0.20 s/cm at 1000 ℃.The reduced sintering temperature and time were benefited to co-fire with the electrodes in electrode-supported SOFCs.
文摘管状电解质支撑型固体氧化物燃料电池(SOFC)具有稳定性高、电极选择范围广、易封接等优点,很适合应用于直接碳固体氧化物燃料电池(DC-SOFC)现阶段的基础研究中。为实现管状电解质支撑型SOFC的便捷制备,本研究开发了管状YSZ(钇稳定化氧化锆)电解质支撑膜的浸渍法制备工艺。组装了电极材料为Ag-GDC(钆掺杂氧化铈)的电解质支撑型SOFC单电池。测试了单电池分别以加湿氢气和担载5%(w,质量分数)Fe的活性炭为燃料,环境空气为氧化剂的电性能。电池的开路电压接近理论值,且扫描电镜分析结果表明电解质膜致密。单电池以活性碳为燃料在800°C取得了280 m W?cm^(-2)的最大功率密度,接近其以加湿氢气为燃料的330 m W?cm^(-2)。交流阻抗谱结果表明YSZ电解质的欧姆电阻是影响电池性能的主要原因。DC-SOFC以恒电流1 A放电,运行了2.1 h,燃料利用率为36%。DC-SOFC二次装载碳燃料后的电性能几乎与初次的性能一样,表明制备的YSZ电解质支撑膜可稳定的应用于DC-SOFCs中。分析了DC-SOFC放电过程中电性能衰减的机制。
文摘氧化钇稳定氧化锆(yttria-stabilized zirconia,YSZ)是目前使用最多的电解质材料,YSZ结构和性能的长期稳定对固体氧化物燃料电池(solid oxide full cell,SOFC)系统的可靠性至关重要。重点研究了具有亚微米结构的YSZ在850℃环境中的长期老化性能,结果发现:在850℃空气气氛中老化处理300h后,YSZ中小于1μm的部分晶粒出现了继续生长的现象,使得小于1μm晶粒比例下降10%～20%;当这部分晶粒长大到1～2μm,呈现稳定状态,即没有出现晶粒的过分长大;老化600h和1000h后,小晶粒(小于1μm)所占比例几乎不变。伴随着晶粒尺寸分布变化,YSZ电解质的电导率也比老化处理初期(300h)有所降低;当老化处理600h后,电导率下降趋势变缓;老化处理1000h后,电导率基本稳定,且1000℃电导率仍然保持在0.15S/cm以上。电导率下降主要是由YSZ晶粒部分长大引起的。具有上述性能的YSZ用作SOFC电解质可以满足长期使用的要求。
