Synthesis of Nanometer Cobalt Blue Pigment by Microemulsion Method and Control of Diameter of Particle

The nanometer cobalt blue pigments were prepared by microemulsion method. Using dynamic light scattering(DLS) test method, the influences of water content on the size of liquid drop of microemulsion and the liquid drop of microemulsion on the final diameter of nanometer particle were studied in the course of preparation. Accordingly, the method to control the diameter of nanometer particle by changing water content was established. The nanometer cobalt blue particles were confirmed by XRD and TEM. Color parameters of pigments were determined. The quantum size effect of the pigments was discussed.

Blue Pigment

Beirang brand dyestuff is the product of the Beijing Dyestuff Plant,a large and key chemical enterprise recognized by the Ministry of Chemical Industry, producing dyestuff for production,organic pigment and industrial sulfuric acid. Some 1,200 tons of State level quality Beirang brand blue pigment is produced in granule and powder form

AB044.Phototoxic stress induced in retinal pigmented epithelium cells by the synergy between polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and blue light

Background:Lesion to the retinal pigment epithelium(RPE)is a crucial event in age-related macular degeneration(AMD)development.Although the pathogenesis of this complex disease is poorly understood,sunlight exposure and smoking are major environmental risk factors associated with AMD.High-energy visible blue light(HEV;400-500 nm)is the most energetic and potentially harmful solar wavelengths reaching adults retina.On the other hand,RPE cells can be exposed to a large range of pollutants from cigarette smoke,with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAH)being among the most toxic.Some PAH from cigarette smoke can absorb HEV light.This led us hypothesize that in RPE cells,the combination of PAH and HEV could synergize to exacerbate the stress caused by either factor alone.We thus investigate the combined effect of PAH and HEV light in RPE cells.Methods:Confluent RPE immortalized cells(ARPE19)were exposed to nanomolar concentrations of benzo[a]pyrene(BaP)or indeno[1,2,3-cd]pyrene(IcdP).While IcdP efficiently absorbs HEV wavelengths,BaP,the most studied PAH,does not significantly absorb HEV light and was used as a control.BaP or IcdP contaminated ARPE19 were then irradiated with increasing sub-lethal doses of HEV light(150-500 J/cm2)using a setup that mimics the light spectrum normally reaching the retina.Cytotoxicity,apoptosis and reactive oxygen species(ROS)generation were assessed in each condition.Results:In presence of low concentrations of IcdP,sub-lethal amounts of HEV light trigger,in a dose-dependent way,up to 70%of apoptotic cell death.Co-exposure to IcdP and HEV also leads to a synergistic ROS generation in ARPE19 cells,thus inducing oxidative stress.None of these effects were observed with BaP.Efficient inhibition of ROS production by specific antioxidants only decreases death by 20%in cells simultaneously exposed to both IcdP and HEV light.Conclusions:Low concentrations of IcdP synergize with HEV light to induce phototoxicity in ARPE19 cells.An increased oxidative stress results from the interaction between both agents and partially explains the enhanced HEV phototoxicity in IcdP contaminated ARPE19 cells.This suggests that another major mechanism is involved in the synergetic toxicity.For smokers,this synergy between HEV and PAH may accelerate RPE cells loss and contribute to their greater risk of developing AMD.

Synthesis of high acid-resistant ultramarine blue pigment through coal gangue, industrial zeolite waste and corn straw waste recycling

The massive stacking of the coal gangue (CG) in the coal mining process, discarded industrial zeolite waste (IZW) and agricultural corn straw (CS) has caused serious environmental pollution and resource waste. To achieve the recycling of solid waste, an economical method for synthesizing ultramarine blue pigment using a two-step calcination process of the CG/IZW/Na_(2)CO_(3)/S/CS with the mass rates of 1.50: 0.50: 2.50: 3.50: 1.00 (the first stage at 400℃ for 0.50 h and the second stage at 900℃ for 2.00 h) is proposed in this paper. The structure and composition of the synthesis ultramarine blue pigment were characterized by XRD, FT-IR, Raman, as well as SEM technologies, and results showed it had a sodalite structure containing S_(3)^(−) and S_(2)^(−) radicals. Furthermore, SiO2 (1.20 mL of tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) as the precursor and 4.50 mL of NH_(3)·H_(2)O as the catalyst) coated the synthesis ultramarine blue pigment (1.00 g) was successfully synthesized by sol-gel technique to improve the acid resistance of the pigment (pH=2.50-3.00). This new method of preparing ultramarine blue pigments not only achieves resource reuse at a low cost but also improves the acid rain resistance of the pigments.

Analytical Case Study on a Dedicated Pigment in Recycling Processes of Polyethylene

The ability to track & trace materials is a key feature in the entire chain, and it ensures circularity principles. Examples from plastic recycling show the enormous added value that analytical technology can have for the circular economy. During polymer production and recycling processes, pigments can be added for different purposes;e.g. as colouring agent of the polymeric product but also as tracer for tracking process development and control in the final recycle products versus possible by-products. An analytical method for tracking the pigment Solvent Blue 15 in input materials, in intermediates as well as in recyclates was developed by tracing and quantifying an indicator metal which is copper (Cu). Therefore, suitable digestion procedures and a quantification method by high resolution inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (HR-ICP-MS) were developed and used for measuring the polymeric digests. The method was tested on relevant samples from chemical recycling processes. The background concentrations in base/raw material are in the range of 0.05 - 0.1 mg·kg-1 Cu. The processing concentrations are in the range of 4.2 to 28 mg·kg-1 Cu, while the pigment starting material (polyethylene, PE) has a concentration of around 50 mg·kg-1 Cu.

一种天然蓝色素可降解膜的制备及其油脂抗氧化性研究

目的将真菌Pseudofusicoccum violaceum F10产的天然蓝色素添加到明胶基膜中制备成可降解抗氧化性膜,并探究该膜的抗氧化性能。方法将天然蓝色素按一定比例添加到明胶、羧甲基纤维素钠(sodium carboxymethylcellulose,CMC)、甘油制备的基础膜液中,制备成蓝色素膜;采用响应面优化成膜工艺;对膜的色素保留率、机械性能、透水性、抗氧化活性及抗油脂光氧化性等进行测定。结果色素添加浓度在0.02%~0.04%时,色素在膜中分布均匀,浓度增加到0.08%时,色素分布不均匀、有聚集现象;随着蓝色素添加量增大,膜的抗拉力强度增强,伸长率有所下降;最佳的成膜工艺是明胶2.474 g、CMC 1.125 g、甘油1.158 g、蓝色素0.03%;正常光照下膜的色素保留率可达90%以上,加速光照下膜的色素保留率可维持在80%以上;蓝色膜的自由基清除率随色素添加量的增加而增强,当添加量为0.06%时,1,1-二苯基-2-三硝基苯肼(1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl,DPPH)自由基和2,2’-联氮-二(3-乙基-苯并噻唑啉-6-磺酸)二铵盐[2,2’-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid)ammonium salt,ABTS]阳离子自由基的清除率分别为42.3%和32.4%;与无色素膜相比,蓝色素膜能使橄榄油的过氧化值(peroxide value,POV)降低45.7%。结论该蓝色膜有较好色素保留率、机械性能,同时具备抗氧化活性和抗光氧化性,本研究可为开发同时具备减缓油脂自动氧化和光氧化的可降解包装膜奠定了理论基础。

Fe2O3含量对青花色料呈色的影响

实验以二氧化三铁、氧化钴、氧化锰、釉果为主要原料,采用单因素实验法,探究了青花色料中Fe2O3/CoO对青花瓷色度值、微观结构、晶相组成的影响。实验结果表明,随着青花色料配方中Fe2O3/CoO比值增大,青花瓷着色区域表面析出大量的1~3μm磁铁矿晶体并且发育越来越好,使得青花瓷呈现黑色调增强蓝色调减弱的现象。

花粉辅助合成钴蓝中空微球及性能研究

采用荷花花粉辅助共沉淀法制备球状氢氧化物/花粉前驱体,再经高温烧结制得中空微球钴蓝粉末样品。通过调节反应体系的pH值,探讨制备中空微球钴蓝结构的工艺条件。进一步对钴蓝样品进行表征,并提出中空微球钴蓝形成机理。结果表明:pH值对钴蓝的微观形貌及性能影响较大。当pH值为8.5时,制得形貌可控的中空微球钴蓝样品,微球层内存在二级多孔结构,样品的比表面积和比表面能增加,有助于提高光学性能。其呈色性能较优(L*=40.86,a*=-9.81,b*=-39.26),荷花花粉模板在蓝紫光区450—490 nm波段的反射率比未加花粉模板高出约13%,通过对无机钴蓝颜料性能研究将为化学材料的制备提供新方法。

蓝光导致皮肤色素沉着的发生机制研究

蓝光是一种波长为400~500 nm的可见光,其对人体主要危害有损伤眼周及眼部结构、加速皮肤老化、抑制褪黑素分泌、造成皮肤色素沉着等。当前,关于蓝光导致皮肤色素沉着的研究较少,文章首次系统地整理了蓝光导致皮肤色素沉着的发生机制,其主要包含蓝光对视蛋白3、α-MSH-MC1R通路、黑皮素受体、细胞因子等产生影响最后导致黑素生成增加,引发皮肤色素沉着。为后续相关研究提供了思路与理论基础。

明胶基可食墨水的制备及其书写绘画应用

该研究采用高效机械耦合工艺(机械多级搅拌+高压低时剪切球磨)制备以明胶为连接料、水溶性天然色素(栀子蓝、胭脂虫红和栀子黄)为色料、甘油为助剂的一系列可食墨水。结果表明,当栀子蓝、胭脂虫红和栀子黄的添加量分别为0.75、0.70、0.65 g/mL时,明胶基可食墨水体系的色彩呈现度和三阶段触变性测试触变恢复率最好;明胶质量浓度1.0 g/L时,明胶基可食墨水体系有较好的稳定性和分散特性,表现为较好的冻融稳定性和低沉降率;此外,加入0.1%(体积分数)甘油可以改善明胶基可食墨水体系的离心稳定性和流变特性(触变指数)。实验表明,以明胶为连接料、水溶性天然色素为色料、甘油为助剂可制备绘画书写表现优秀的、相对稳定的可食墨水体系,为可食墨水的研发和食品应用提供借鉴。

响应面法优化低浴比栀子蓝色素上染桑蚕丝工艺

为深入探究天然栀子蓝色素在染色加工中的应用,利用超声波技术辅助桑蚕丝织物直接染色,结合单因素变量试验法和响应面法优化并确定最佳染色工艺。结果表明,当超声波功率120 W,pH值3,染色温度50℃,染色时间50 min,染色浴比1∶20时,天然栀子蓝色素对桑蚕丝织物染色效果最佳,且耐摩擦色牢度较好,耐水洗和耐汗渍变色色牢度达到4级,棉沾色色牢度为3级,符合纺织品合格标准。对优化后染色条件进行验证,染色织物K/S值实际值与预测值相对误差为4.55%,该响应面试验预测有95.45%的可信度。

Effects of Different Light Qualities on the Growth Characteristics of Populus trinervis

Populus trinervis is native to China and plays an irreplaceable role in maintaining the ecological balance of boreal and temperate forests.P.trinervis mainly grows in high-altitude areas.At present,there are limited studies on the response of P.trinervis to different light qualities,so it is necessary to investigate the photosynthetic physiological changes of P.trinervis in different light environments.In our study,P.trinervis was grown for 8 months under light filtered by three different colored films.The three treatments were blue film,green film,and white plastic film.The effects of blue(B),green(G),and white(W)light on photosynthetic pigment content,absolute growth,photosynthetic parameters,soluble sugar content,and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters were studied,respectively.Compared to the Wtreatment,the chlorophyll a and b,carotenoids,total chlorophyll content(a+b),absolute growth of seedling height,net photosynthetic rate(PN),water use efficiency(WUE),total soluble sugars,sucrose,and nonphotochemical quenching(NPQ)of P.trinervis were significantly increased under B treatment.Meanwhile,chlorophyll a and b,carotenoids,total chlorophyll(a+b),transpiration rate(Tr),intercellular CO_(2) concentration(Ci),stomatal conductance(gs),absolute growth of seedling height and leaf length,reducing sugar,total soluble sugar content,and NPQ were significantly increased under G treatment.The results showed that the absolute growth and chlorophyll content of P.trinervis were increased under B light,while the sugar and photosynthetic parameters were increased under G light.Additional studies may look into how B light impacts absolute growth and promotional mechanisms,as well as how G light affects the accumulation of sugar levels.

栀子蓝色素对蚕丝织物的低浴比媒染工艺

为了提高栀子蓝色素上染蚕丝织物的染色性能,以明矾作为媒染剂,并用超声波辅助染色,探讨媒染方法、媒染剂用量、染色温度、染色时间以及浴比对染色性能的影响。通过单因素实验以及响应面实验获得优化染色工艺:预媒染色法、媒染剂用量4%、染色温度50℃、染色时间30min、浴比1∶20。对优化染色条件下染色织物的耐摩擦色牢度、耐水色牢度和耐汗渍色牢度进行检测,除耐水变色色牢度为3~4级,耐汗渍沾色色牢度为4~5级外,其余色牢度等级均达到4级。

Skin photobiological effect induced by BL:Clinical manifestation,mechanisms,and protection against photodamages

Over the last decade,the rapid advances of life sciences have significantly increased public awareness and comprehension of dermatological knowledge,resulting in widespread acceptance of scientific skincare in society.The scope of photoprotection has expanded to encompass not only ultraviolet radiation but also visible light(including blue light).Furthermore,photoprotection methods have evolved from light blocking to the repair of cellular damage caused by prolonged light exposure via biological signaling pathways.Blue light(BL)is the portion of sunlight between 400 nm(violet)and 500 nm(cyan),that can penetrate deep into biological tissues,with up to 20%reaching subcutaneous tissues.Similar to UV damage,BL can cause oxidative stress,persistent pigmentation,and extracellular matrix degradation,resulting in skin symptoms such as hyperpigmentation,dullness,lack of radiance,uneven skin tone,and wrinkles.This study investigates the clinical manifestations of BL-induced skin photodamages,as well as the underlying biological mechanisms and proposes rational photoaging prevention strategies.

新型钒材料研究进展

作为国家重要的战略金属资源,钒及其化合物被广泛用于冶金、航空航天、化工等领域。近年来,随着资源、能源及环境压力的逐步增大,储能及环境领域中新型钒材料研究越发活跃,一大批具备高性能的钒系电极材料、钒颜料、钒系催化剂涌现出来,然而,钒材料的高成本成为其最终实现工业化的一大障碍。纳米技术、生物医药技术的发展与完善使低成本制备高性能新型钒系复合材料成为可能,使新型钒材料在具备高性能的同时自身对环境友好,制备及使用成本大幅下降,使钒材料应用领域得以极大拓展,显示出巨大的发展和应用前景。

栀子蓝色素稳定性的研究

研究了栀子蓝色素的热稳定性，光稳定性，耐氧化还原性和ｐＨ值稳定性，并就食品中常见的几种金属离子：Ｆｅ３＋、Ｆｅ２＋、Ｋ＋、Ｎａ＋、Ｚｎ２＋、Ｍｇ２＋、Ｃｕ２＋、Ａｌ３＋和常用添加剂对蓝色素稳定性的影响进行了探讨。结果表明，该色素性能优良，具有广阔的开发应用前景。

两步法生产栀子蓝色素工艺条件的研究

本实验以栀子黄提取后的废液为原料,通过将β-葡萄糖苷酶发酵和酶促反应分开的两步法制得栀子蓝色素。分别考察了温度、时间和氨基酸的添加比例对栀子蓝生成量的影响。最后确定的最佳工艺条件为:以麸皮培养基固态发酵生产β-葡萄糖苷酶,浸提的β-葡萄糖苷酶液在60℃时水解栀子苷,在获得的栀子苷元溶液中添加1%的组氨酸,混和液再在80℃温度下水浴5h可以获得最大量的栀子蓝色素溶液。

蓝色花植物花色素的着色机理

通过蓝色花植物花色素的结构和化学组成 ,综述了它们的着色机理 ,并分为两种类型 .即第一类是酰化花色素苷 ,它们遵守分子内辅助着色反应机理 ;另一类是酰化花色素苷与辅助色素以分子间辅助着色方式而形成的复合花色素 ,这类花色素经常包含金属离子参与的螯合反应 .并从生物化学代谢途径探讨了蓝色花植物的进化 .

蓝粒小麦籽粒糊粉层色素研究初报

观察了蓝粒小麦籽粒灌浆期糊粉层色素形成情况 ,并分析了蓝粒糊粉层色素的成分。结果表明 ,在灌浆期 ,蓝粒小麦籽粒的糊粉层首先是靠近盾片的部位变蓝 ,而后逐渐向上扩展。在扩展的过程中 ,可以看到糊粉层着色部位既显蓝色 ,又呈现一定程度的紫红色。蓝粒小麦籽粒糊粉层色素含矢车菊素 (Delphinidin,红色 )、飞燕草素 (Cyanidin,蓝色 )、芍药素等 8种色素成分 ,但以飞燕草素 (Delphinidin)、矢车菊素 (Cyanidin)为主。根据上述结果推断出了蓝粒小麦籽粒糊粉层色素合成途径的大致框架图。另外 ,2 D易位系 991 5(J2 D- 1 )蓝粒小麦籽粒糊粉层色素合成中 ,可能存在 1种尚未发现的新的代谢途径 ,即红色的花青素葡萄糖苷(Cyanidin 3- glucoside) B环 5′位置发生羟基化 ,变成蓝色的飞燕草苷 (Delphinidin 3-glucoside)。以上结果为全面揭示蓝粒小麦籽粒糊粉层色素生物合成途径以及克隆蓝粒基因提供参考。

食用蓝色素及其使用现状研究进展

我国允许添加在食品中的蓝色素有栀子蓝色素、藻蓝蛋白及靛蓝。栀子蓝色素是由茜草科植物栀子的果实制得的。藻蓝蛋白色素多从螺旋藻、蓝藻、念珠藻等藻类植物中提取加工而成。植物靛蓝是用蓼蓝、菘蓝、木蓝、马蓝等含有吲哚酸成分的植物叶子发酵制成。花青素也是食品中常见的色素,某些花青素在一定条件下可作为食品中的蓝色着色剂使用。作为食品中的蓝色着色剂,研究最多的为紫甘蓝色素。紫甘蓝色素是从十字花科红球甘蓝及紫球甘蓝等的叶子中提取分离得到的天然色素。本文对我国食用蓝色素的种类、来源进行了概括总结;对食用蓝色素的生成过程进行详细阐述;本文还对食用蓝色素的使用现状进行了简要概括,以期为今后我国蓝色素生产提供理论依据。