^(60)Co-γ辐射对番茄离体子叶再生及不定芽分化的影响

用0～100 Gy的^(60)Co-γ射线对番茄品种‘1479'的组培无菌苗子叶进行辐射,研究^(60)Co-γ辐射对番茄组织培养中外植体分化的辐射效应。结果表明:^(60)★Co-γ射线辐射‘1479'子叶后,其出愈率、胚性愈伤诱导率和胚性愈伤的分化情况受到显著的影响。高辐射剂量(>50 Gy)显著抑制了子叶外植体的出愈率和胚性愈伤组织的形成,并对胚性愈伤中芽的分化产生了显著的影响,但对胚性愈伤不定根的诱导影响较小。番茄子叶外植体半致死剂量为50 Gy左右。

60Co-γ射线对李花粉辐射效应的研究

以‘新世纪’、‘石原早生’、‘澳李14'李品种为试材,研究^(60)Co-γ辐射,对李花粉发芽率的影响。结果表明:不同剂量率对李花粉发芽率影响较明显,‘新世纪'李、‘澳李14'李均以剂量率0.6 Gy/min辐射后花粉发芽率最高,且随剂量率的升高花粉发芽率逐渐降低;‘石原早生'李以1.2 Gy/min最高。不同剂量对不同李品种花粉发芽率影响相同,‘新世纪'李、‘石原早生'李、‘澳李14'均以剂量20 Gy辐射后花粉发芽率最高,且随剂量的升高花粉发芽率逐渐降低。说明低剂量、低剂量率辐射不同李品种花粉后发芽率较高,可用于远缘杂交育种。

Effects on Agronomic Traits of M_1 by Pollen of Upland Cotton Irradiated by ^(60)Co-γ Ray

[Objective] The aim was to provide reference for research on radiation and breeding of cotton pollen through irradiating common ripe pollen grain of upland cotton by 60Co-γ Ray of varied doses. [Method] Ripe pollen grains of upland cotton were irradiated by 60Co-γ Ray with doses of 5, 10, 15, and 20 Gy, respectively, to learn radiation effect and select appropriate dose. [Result] Most properties of M1 obviously showed variation when dose was over 10 Gy; vitality, growth, and fertility were greatly inhibited when dose was 15 Gy which was almost semi-lethal concentration, and variation species were richest at the same time, which provided materi- als for practical breeding. [Conclusion] 60Co-γ Ray of 15 Gy is more suitable for mutagenesis research on ripe pollen grains of upland cotton.

γ射线对副溶血性弧菌辐射效应的PCR检测

目的:研究γ射线对副溶血性弧菌(Vibrio parahaemolyticus)的辐射效应。方法:采用0kGy^7.0kGy内不同剂量的60Co-γ对浓度为2.0×108CFU/mL的副溶血性弧菌进行辐射,通过菌落计数计算该菌的致死率与存活率,并采用菌液PCR和常规PCR间接检测DNA浓度研究其致死效应。结果:菌落计数表明,在0kGy^3.0kGy内,该菌致死率随辐射剂量增加而呈线性增长;3.0kGy以上可全部杀灭试验浓度的副溶血性弧菌。常规PCR和菌液PCR结果表明,PCR扩增条带亮度都随着辐射剂量的增大而增强。常规PCR中,辐射剂量3.0kGy以上,电泳条带的亮度明显增加。结论:γ射线辐射剂量与存活副溶血性弧菌数、DNA的释放量都有明显的剂量-反应关系,辐射致死的主要原因是由射线对菌体细胞膜造成损伤、DNA外流造成的。