Objective:To evaluate the presence of gastrointestinal parasites on cattle in Indonesia because the prevalence of parasites varies between counlries depending on the terrain surrounding livestock farms and investigati...Objective:To evaluate the presence of gastrointestinal parasites on cattle in Indonesia because the prevalence of parasites varies between counlries depending on the terrain surrounding livestock farms and investigations in Indonesia have never been performed.Methods:Fecal samples from cattle at 35 farms in 7 districts in West Java,Indonesia,has been examined using the floatation or sedimentation methods,and a immunofluorescence assay and experimentally inoculation to mice for Cryptosporidium or Giardia spp.Results:153 of 394 examined cattle(38.8%)were infected with gastrointestinal parasites.The prevalence of Eimeria spp.,Nematoda spp.(including Oesophagustomum and Bunostomum-like),Fasciola gigantica and Paramphistomum spp.was 22.4%,11.2%,12.5%and 3.8%,respectively.Cryptosporidium andersoni(C.andersoni)was also found in two samples.One isolate of this parasite was confirmed to be transmitted to mice,in contrast to the isolates from other countries.Conclusions:although this survey is preliminary,the results shows that the infection of gastrointestinal parasites in Indonesia was not high,but these infected cattle could be as a potential source leading to economic losses in livestock production.展开更多
Objective:To study the regulation of trombinol on thrombopoietin,an essential regulator of thrombocyte production.Methods:Effect of trombinol on thrombopoietin regulation was evaluated at the m RNA and protein levels ...Objective:To study the regulation of trombinol on thrombopoietin,an essential regulator of thrombocyte production.Methods:Effect of trombinol on thrombopoietin regulation was evaluated at the m RNA and protein levels in human hepatoma Hep G2 cells.The m RNA expressions were revealed by PCR and real-time PCR,while the protein expressions were analyzed using western blotting and human ELISA kit.Statistical differences between the test were determined by student's t-test with P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results:Trombinol significantly increased the expression of thrombopoietin at the level of m RNA and protein secretion in Hep G2 cell lines.Trombinol with the concentration of15 mg/m L,positively induces 2.5-fold of thrombopoietin expression.Up-regulation of GABP,a transcription factor of thrombopoietin,is suggested to be involved in cellular regulatory mechanisms of trombinol.Here,our result shows convincing evidence that trombinol affects the thrombopoietin productions in vitro.This molecular explanation of thrombopoietin's stimulating function is in line with the traditional use of Psidium guajava for treatment of diseases involving thrombocytopenia.Conclusions:Thrombopoietin stimulating function of trombinol could be potentially considered as one of alternative treatment for thrombocytopenia-related cases,including post chemotherapy shock,dengue fever and liver failure.展开更多
Species diversity of the genus Theloderma has been extensively studied in recent decades,with the majority of newly described species hailing from the Indochina region.We describe a new species of mediumsized Theloder...Species diversity of the genus Theloderma has been extensively studied in recent decades,with the majority of newly described species hailing from the Indochina region.We describe a new species of mediumsized Theloderma based on molecular and morphological evidence from lowland forest in the southern part of Central Java Province,Indonesia,that is highly similar to and considered cryptic within the T.horridum group.A phylogenetic approach shows that this population is a distinct genetic lineage and can be distinguished from its congeners by the absence of vomerine teeth,moderate irregular blunt warts and studded with calcified asperities on the dorsal skin,a distinct color pattern,and a distinct denticle formula in the tadpole.Although the range of the new species is known only from Central Java,it cannot be ruled out that it may extends into adjacent areas,such as other parts of Java and Sumatra.展开更多
Banyuwangi is one of the citrus centers in East Java, Indonesia with an estimated 27.7 million metric tons produced with growth in 12.804 hectares. The quality of the citrus will be decreased when the retention of sto...Banyuwangi is one of the citrus centers in East Java, Indonesia with an estimated 27.7 million metric tons produced with growth in 12.804 hectares. The quality of the citrus will be decreased when the retention of storage is too long because of the physiological changes postharvest. The object of the research is to determine the relevancy of shelf life and quality of the citrus. The research was conducted at Laboratory of Mechanization and postharvest in AIAT East Java and the citrus was obtained in Banyuwangi. This experiment used randomized block design as the method, which the factors are temperature of storage （room temperature 27 ~C and cold temperature 15 ~C） and storage time （0, 5, 10, 15, 20 days） with five replication. The physical parameters in this research are weight, texture, flesh color and skin and the chemical parameters include sugar and acid content. The result of the chemical analysis showed that storage temperature had significant effect on sugar content, but did not have significant effect of acid contents. The storage life time have correlation with sugar and acid contents. Citrus that are storage in refrigerator produce a higher sugar content （14, 20 ~brix）, but the acid contents are same. The longer that citrus is stored the highest the sugar content. The highest acid content in citrus is storage for 10 days （0, 30%）. The physical analysis showed that storage temperature affects the weight of citrus, but does not affect the texture and color citrus skin. The result showed that citrus which stored in refrigerator is higher than the others. Storage 20 days at room temperature and storage lifetime has no effect on fruit flesh color. The brightness of the surface （L） that is storage 20 days in room temperature has a same value with citrus that is storage in refrigerator.展开更多
Indonesian National Sport Committee, hereinafter called KONI, is the government body which has the authority to organize sport development in Indonesia. This study aims to analyze the social capital of regional KONI i...Indonesian National Sport Committee, hereinafter called KONI, is the government body which has the authority to organize sport development in Indonesia. This study aims to analyze the social capital of regional KONI in Central Java which potentially support the implementation of the National Sport System Law. It also aims to analyze the relevant strategy to empower the social energy of KONI and to design the most appropriate model of KONI to solve problems raised after the law imposed. This study used qualitative approach with the idea of learning from people. This approach is a tool to understand the reality which moves the social capital of KONl. The result describes that the activities inside KONI reflect the reality of social capital. KONI as the social capital is a need for the development of the productive cooperation in the society. The existence of the article 40 might influence the characteristics of KONI as the social capital. The model of KONI as an organization of sport should be built in five potential elements： （1） democracy as an ideology, （2） freedom as a purpose, （3） empowerment as a function, （4） social justice as policy, and （5） discretion as a method.展开更多
This research was to assess the sustainability of fisheries in Pangandaran, West Java. This fishery is an important one in the region, but is threatened by increasing over-exploitation which has led to a steady decrea...This research was to assess the sustainability of fisheries in Pangandaran, West Java. This fishery is an important one in the region, but is threatened by increasing over-exploitation which has led to a steady decrease in the production. In addition to over-exploitation problem, a record of tsunami disaster makes this fishery a unique case. This research, based on a set of primary and secondary data was carried out using the Rapfish analytical approach. Primary data were collected using a stratified cluster random sampling technique, where as many as 186 outboard fishing operators were selected. Meanwhile, relevant complementary data were solicited purposively from five employees of Pangandaran Marine and Fisheries Service. Following from the Rapfish approach, it was found through this research that sustainability levels of fisheries in Pangandaran fall into poor category. For all types of fisheries that exist in the region, almost all sustainability dimensions namely ecological, social, technological and ethical dimensions were scored below 50 of the 100 maximum values. This paper concludes with a suggestion, pointing out attributes that should receive government attention in order that the sustainability of the fisheries in the future.展开更多
Objective:To assess the association between genetic variants of transferrin receptor 2(TFR2)exon 4 and anemia status and to describe the expression levels of several cytokines,hepcidin,soluble transferrin receptor and...Objective:To assess the association between genetic variants of transferrin receptor 2(TFR2)exon 4 and anemia status and to describe the expression levels of several cytokines,hepcidin,soluble transferrin receptor and erythropoietin.Methods:Institutional based comparative study was done randomly to recruit 106 pregnant women who attended antenatal care in three different health centers in Boyolali Regency,Central Java from May 2015 to September 2015.DNA was extracted from peripheral blood samples of selected pregnant women and sequencing was done for TFR2 exon 4.Furthermore,enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was conducted to measure the expression levels of interleukin 6,interleukin 4,transforming growth factorβand iron-metabolism related proteins such as hepcidin,soluble transferrin receptor,and erythropoietin.Gene alignment was performed by using a CLUSTAL W program.Collected data were analyzed statistically by using parametric and nonparametric tests with Statistical Product and Service Solutions(SPSS)20.0 for Windows.Results:Three novel genetic variants from TFR2 exon 4(position 603,605 and 606)were associated with anemia status.Moreover,the expression levels of interleukin 6,interleukin 4,transforming growth factorβand erythropoietin were higher in anemic pregnant women than those of nonanemic pregnant women but only erythropoietin level reached statistical significance.These results were followed by decreases of hepcidin and soluble transferrin receptor levels.Conclusions:Various factors contribute to anemia prevalence among pregnant women in Boyoali Regency,Central Java,Indonesia.Our novel findings showed that TFR2 exon 4 has 3 mutational sites in position 603,605 and 606.These novel genetic variants may provide a new insight into the role of TFR2 in anemia.展开更多
East Java's mangrove ecosystems are exceptionally susceptible to contamination by anthropogenic ac-tivities and degradable marine debris,including plastic.This study aimed to investigate the shapes and distributio...East Java's mangrove ecosystems are exceptionally susceptible to contamination by anthropogenic ac-tivities and degradable marine debris,including plastic.This study aimed to investigate the shapes and distribution of microplastics(MPs)in sediment,water,and wild crabs,as well as the correlation.Wild crabs,sediment,and water originated from ten distinct mangrove ecosystems dispersed throughout northern and southern East Java.The MPs were extracted using digestion and density separation methods.The research identified six discrete shapes of MPs in sediment and water:fiber,fragment,foam,film,pellet,and microbead.The identified MPs were distributed in varying concentrations across various sites.Fibers were prevalent in the majority of water,ranging from 2.5 to 24.90 particles.L^(-1),with the exception of Gedangan(GD)and Dubibir(DB),whose proportion was relatively low.For the sediments,the seven sites contained a greater proportion of fragments ranging from 1.53 to 1.69 particles.g^(-1) dw as compared to surface waters.Additionally,each wild crab contained 48 particles identified in the gills and digestive tracts(GIT).Fiber constituted more than 60%of the total MPs,making it the most prevalent shape in the wild crabs.However,this variety was not preferred.Correlation analysis revealed connec-tions between MPs found in sediment and their presence in crab gills and GIT(p<0.01).This highlights the potential hazards of biomagnification in East Java's mangrove ecosystems.Factor analysis revealed the influential factors that contribute to pollution in the marine protected areas,emphasizing the intricate nature of coastal contamination.This work enhances comprehension of the distribution and consequences of MPs in mangrove ecosystems,underscoring the necessity for comprehensive efforts to mitigate their effects.展开更多
Total hip arthroplasty for adults with sequelae from childhood hip disorders poses significant challenges due to altered anatomy.The paper published by Oommen et al reviews the essential management strategies for thes...Total hip arthroplasty for adults with sequelae from childhood hip disorders poses significant challenges due to altered anatomy.The paper published by Oommen et al reviews the essential management strategies for these complex cases.This article explores the integration of finite element analysis(FEA)to enhance surgical precision and outcomes.FEA provides detailed biomechanical insights,aiding in preoperative planning,implant design,and surgical technique optimization.By simulating implant configurations and assessing bone quality,FEA helps in customizing implants and evaluating surgical techniques like subtrochanteric shortening osteotomy.Advanced imaging techniques,such as 3D printing,virtual reality,and augmented reality,further enhance total hip arthroplasty precision.Future research should focus on validating FEA models,developing patient-specific simulations,and promoting multidisciplinary collaboration.Integrating FEA and advanced technologies in total hip arthroplasty can improve functional outcomes,reduce complications,and enhance quality of life for patients with childhood hip disorder sequelae.展开更多
基金partly supported by the JICA Project of Capacity Development of Animal Health Laboratory and Grants-in-Aid for Scientifie Research from the Ministry of Education.Culture.Sports.Science and Technology.Japan(No.22700773 to M.M.)
文摘Objective:To evaluate the presence of gastrointestinal parasites on cattle in Indonesia because the prevalence of parasites varies between counlries depending on the terrain surrounding livestock farms and investigations in Indonesia have never been performed.Methods:Fecal samples from cattle at 35 farms in 7 districts in West Java,Indonesia,has been examined using the floatation or sedimentation methods,and a immunofluorescence assay and experimentally inoculation to mice for Cryptosporidium or Giardia spp.Results:153 of 394 examined cattle(38.8%)were infected with gastrointestinal parasites.The prevalence of Eimeria spp.,Nematoda spp.(including Oesophagustomum and Bunostomum-like),Fasciola gigantica and Paramphistomum spp.was 22.4%,11.2%,12.5%and 3.8%,respectively.Cryptosporidium andersoni(C.andersoni)was also found in two samples.One isolate of this parasite was confirmed to be transmitted to mice,in contrast to the isolates from other countries.Conclusions:although this survey is preliminary,the results shows that the infection of gastrointestinal parasites in Indonesia was not high,but these infected cattle could be as a potential source leading to economic losses in livestock production.
文摘Objective:To study the regulation of trombinol on thrombopoietin,an essential regulator of thrombocyte production.Methods:Effect of trombinol on thrombopoietin regulation was evaluated at the m RNA and protein levels in human hepatoma Hep G2 cells.The m RNA expressions were revealed by PCR and real-time PCR,while the protein expressions were analyzed using western blotting and human ELISA kit.Statistical differences between the test were determined by student's t-test with P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results:Trombinol significantly increased the expression of thrombopoietin at the level of m RNA and protein secretion in Hep G2 cell lines.Trombinol with the concentration of15 mg/m L,positively induces 2.5-fold of thrombopoietin expression.Up-regulation of GABP,a transcription factor of thrombopoietin,is suggested to be involved in cellular regulatory mechanisms of trombinol.Here,our result shows convincing evidence that trombinol affects the thrombopoietin productions in vitro.This molecular explanation of thrombopoietin's stimulating function is in line with the traditional use of Psidium guajava for treatment of diseases involving thrombocytopenia.Conclusions:Thrombopoietin stimulating function of trombinol could be potentially considered as one of alternative treatment for thrombocytopenia-related cases,including post chemotherapy shock,dengue fever and liver failure.
基金Direktorat Riset dan Pengabdian Masyarakat,Direktorat Jenderal Penguatan Riset dan Pengembangan Kementerian Riset,Teknologi,dan Pendidikan Tinggi Republik Indonesia(grant number 437.43/UN10.C10/PN/2020)provided financial support to NK for this work。
文摘Species diversity of the genus Theloderma has been extensively studied in recent decades,with the majority of newly described species hailing from the Indochina region.We describe a new species of mediumsized Theloderma based on molecular and morphological evidence from lowland forest in the southern part of Central Java Province,Indonesia,that is highly similar to and considered cryptic within the T.horridum group.A phylogenetic approach shows that this population is a distinct genetic lineage and can be distinguished from its congeners by the absence of vomerine teeth,moderate irregular blunt warts and studded with calcified asperities on the dorsal skin,a distinct color pattern,and a distinct denticle formula in the tadpole.Although the range of the new species is known only from Central Java,it cannot be ruled out that it may extends into adjacent areas,such as other parts of Java and Sumatra.
文摘Banyuwangi is one of the citrus centers in East Java, Indonesia with an estimated 27.7 million metric tons produced with growth in 12.804 hectares. The quality of the citrus will be decreased when the retention of storage is too long because of the physiological changes postharvest. The object of the research is to determine the relevancy of shelf life and quality of the citrus. The research was conducted at Laboratory of Mechanization and postharvest in AIAT East Java and the citrus was obtained in Banyuwangi. This experiment used randomized block design as the method, which the factors are temperature of storage （room temperature 27 ~C and cold temperature 15 ~C） and storage time （0, 5, 10, 15, 20 days） with five replication. The physical parameters in this research are weight, texture, flesh color and skin and the chemical parameters include sugar and acid content. The result of the chemical analysis showed that storage temperature had significant effect on sugar content, but did not have significant effect of acid contents. The storage life time have correlation with sugar and acid contents. Citrus that are storage in refrigerator produce a higher sugar content （14, 20 ~brix）, but the acid contents are same. The longer that citrus is stored the highest the sugar content. The highest acid content in citrus is storage for 10 days （0, 30%）. The physical analysis showed that storage temperature affects the weight of citrus, but does not affect the texture and color citrus skin. The result showed that citrus which stored in refrigerator is higher than the others. Storage 20 days at room temperature and storage lifetime has no effect on fruit flesh color. The brightness of the surface （L） that is storage 20 days in room temperature has a same value with citrus that is storage in refrigerator.
文摘Indonesian National Sport Committee, hereinafter called KONI, is the government body which has the authority to organize sport development in Indonesia. This study aims to analyze the social capital of regional KONI in Central Java which potentially support the implementation of the National Sport System Law. It also aims to analyze the relevant strategy to empower the social energy of KONI and to design the most appropriate model of KONI to solve problems raised after the law imposed. This study used qualitative approach with the idea of learning from people. This approach is a tool to understand the reality which moves the social capital of KONl. The result describes that the activities inside KONI reflect the reality of social capital. KONI as the social capital is a need for the development of the productive cooperation in the society. The existence of the article 40 might influence the characteristics of KONI as the social capital. The model of KONI as an organization of sport should be built in five potential elements： （1） democracy as an ideology, （2） freedom as a purpose, （3） empowerment as a function, （4） social justice as policy, and （5） discretion as a method.
文摘This research was to assess the sustainability of fisheries in Pangandaran, West Java. This fishery is an important one in the region, but is threatened by increasing over-exploitation which has led to a steady decrease in the production. In addition to over-exploitation problem, a record of tsunami disaster makes this fishery a unique case. This research, based on a set of primary and secondary data was carried out using the Rapfish analytical approach. Primary data were collected using a stratified cluster random sampling technique, where as many as 186 outboard fishing operators were selected. Meanwhile, relevant complementary data were solicited purposively from five employees of Pangandaran Marine and Fisheries Service. Following from the Rapfish approach, it was found through this research that sustainability levels of fisheries in Pangandaran fall into poor category. For all types of fisheries that exist in the region, almost all sustainability dimensions namely ecological, social, technological and ethical dimensions were scored below 50 of the 100 maximum values. This paper concludes with a suggestion, pointing out attributes that should receive government attention in order that the sustainability of the fisheries in the future.
文摘Objective:To assess the association between genetic variants of transferrin receptor 2(TFR2)exon 4 and anemia status and to describe the expression levels of several cytokines,hepcidin,soluble transferrin receptor and erythropoietin.Methods:Institutional based comparative study was done randomly to recruit 106 pregnant women who attended antenatal care in three different health centers in Boyolali Regency,Central Java from May 2015 to September 2015.DNA was extracted from peripheral blood samples of selected pregnant women and sequencing was done for TFR2 exon 4.Furthermore,enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was conducted to measure the expression levels of interleukin 6,interleukin 4,transforming growth factorβand iron-metabolism related proteins such as hepcidin,soluble transferrin receptor,and erythropoietin.Gene alignment was performed by using a CLUSTAL W program.Collected data were analyzed statistically by using parametric and nonparametric tests with Statistical Product and Service Solutions(SPSS)20.0 for Windows.Results:Three novel genetic variants from TFR2 exon 4(position 603,605 and 606)were associated with anemia status.Moreover,the expression levels of interleukin 6,interleukin 4,transforming growth factorβand erythropoietin were higher in anemic pregnant women than those of nonanemic pregnant women but only erythropoietin level reached statistical significance.These results were followed by decreases of hepcidin and soluble transferrin receptor levels.Conclusions:Various factors contribute to anemia prevalence among pregnant women in Boyoali Regency,Central Java,Indonesia.Our novel findings showed that TFR2 exon 4 has 3 mutational sites in position 603,605 and 606.These novel genetic variants may provide a new insight into the role of TFR2 in anemia.
基金would like to thank Purnomo,Durrotul Inayah,M.Si.,Qothrunnada Salsabillah,S.Si.,Achmad D Burhanuddin,M.Si.,Audrey NB Simatupang,Farsya A Khairunnisa,and Annisa N Ramadhan for laboratory and field assistance.This study was funded by the Institute of Research and Community Services(LPPM),Universitas Brawijaya,through Hibah Penguatan Ekosistem Riset Guru Besar Funding No.1759.1.18/UN10.C20/2023.
文摘East Java's mangrove ecosystems are exceptionally susceptible to contamination by anthropogenic ac-tivities and degradable marine debris,including plastic.This study aimed to investigate the shapes and distribution of microplastics(MPs)in sediment,water,and wild crabs,as well as the correlation.Wild crabs,sediment,and water originated from ten distinct mangrove ecosystems dispersed throughout northern and southern East Java.The MPs were extracted using digestion and density separation methods.The research identified six discrete shapes of MPs in sediment and water:fiber,fragment,foam,film,pellet,and microbead.The identified MPs were distributed in varying concentrations across various sites.Fibers were prevalent in the majority of water,ranging from 2.5 to 24.90 particles.L^(-1),with the exception of Gedangan(GD)and Dubibir(DB),whose proportion was relatively low.For the sediments,the seven sites contained a greater proportion of fragments ranging from 1.53 to 1.69 particles.g^(-1) dw as compared to surface waters.Additionally,each wild crab contained 48 particles identified in the gills and digestive tracts(GIT).Fiber constituted more than 60%of the total MPs,making it the most prevalent shape in the wild crabs.However,this variety was not preferred.Correlation analysis revealed connec-tions between MPs found in sediment and their presence in crab gills and GIT(p<0.01).This highlights the potential hazards of biomagnification in East Java's mangrove ecosystems.Factor analysis revealed the influential factors that contribute to pollution in the marine protected areas,emphasizing the intricate nature of coastal contamination.This work enhances comprehension of the distribution and consequences of MPs in mangrove ecosystems,underscoring the necessity for comprehensive efforts to mitigate their effects.
文摘Total hip arthroplasty for adults with sequelae from childhood hip disorders poses significant challenges due to altered anatomy.The paper published by Oommen et al reviews the essential management strategies for these complex cases.This article explores the integration of finite element analysis(FEA)to enhance surgical precision and outcomes.FEA provides detailed biomechanical insights,aiding in preoperative planning,implant design,and surgical technique optimization.By simulating implant configurations and assessing bone quality,FEA helps in customizing implants and evaluating surgical techniques like subtrochanteric shortening osteotomy.Advanced imaging techniques,such as 3D printing,virtual reality,and augmented reality,further enhance total hip arthroplasty precision.Future research should focus on validating FEA models,developing patient-specific simulations,and promoting multidisciplinary collaboration.Integrating FEA and advanced technologies in total hip arthroplasty can improve functional outcomes,reduce complications,and enhance quality of life for patients with childhood hip disorder sequelae.
