新时代中国反腐败境外追逃的法律机制发展路径研究

习近平总书记在党的二十大报告中提出“深化反腐败国际合作,一体构建追逃防逃追赃机制”。在习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想指导下,我国反腐败境外追逃法律机制逐步完善。但从境外追逃执法和司法实践看,境外追逃中常规适用的引渡措施仍面临瓶颈问题,缺席审判程序的追逃功能有限,境外追逃量刑承诺的法治化程度有待提升,境外羁押期限的刑期折抵问题有待明确。为促进追逃防逃追赃机制的一体构建,应拓宽引渡措施的适用渠道,以制度创新破解缺席审判适用难点,促进境外追逃中量刑承诺法治化发展,明确境外羁押期限的刑期折抵情形,进而促进境外追逃工作高质量发展。

电极尺寸对射流等离子体放电的影响及其在涤纶亲水研究中的应用

大气压脉冲介质阻挡放电射流等离子体中,羟基活性粒子的生成和调控对于等离子体在材料表面改性方面的应用具有重要意义,而羟基活性粒子的形成和调控又与放电结构密切相关。研究了接地电极宽度对大气压脉冲放电射流等离子体的影响:通过改变接地电极宽度,探究其对射流长度、放电强度的影响;通过增强型电荷耦合器件(ICCD)对放电时空演化进行分析;通过发射光谱分析放电产生的特征谱线。结果表明:当接地电极的宽度为1.5 cm时,射流长度最长;在射流3 mm处,有较强的羟基活性粒子浓度。利用大气压脉冲射流等离子体处理涤纶织物表面,验证了气相等离子体中羟基含氧基团与涤纶表面亲水处理效果的正相关性,为等离子体中活性粒子的控制和开发工业用等离子体源提供了参考。

从符号美学看艺术与产业的融合:评赵毅衡《符号美学与艺术产业》

艺术与工业、商品、经济的关系一直是艺术理论界备受关注的问题。早在19世纪40年代,马克思便通过强调作家、演员等艺术从业者的“生产劳动者”身份,揭示艺术必然会卷入经济活动的社会现实。一个世纪之后,霍克海默(Max Horkheimer)和阿多诺(Theodor Adorno)站在批判立场提出“文化工业”概念,否定资本家在艺术商业化、产业化中对大众意识的操纵和个性趣味的抹杀。

Mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles in skin wound healing:roles,opportunities and challenges

Skin wounds are characterized by injury to the skin due to trauma,tearing,cuts,or contusions.As such injuries are common to all human groups,they may at times represent a serious socioeconomic burden.Currently,increasing numbers of studies have focused on the role of mesenchymal stem cell(MSC)-derived extracellular vesicles(EVs)in skin wound repair.As a cell-free therapy,MSC-derived EVs have shown significant application potential in the field of wound repair as a more stable and safer option than conventional cell therapy.Treatment based on MSC-derived EVs can significantly promote the repair of damaged substructures,including the regeneration of vessels,nerves,and hair follicles.In addition,MSC-derived EVs can inhibit scar formation by affecting angiogenesis-related and antifibrotic pathways in promoting macrophage polarization,wound angiogenesis,cell proliferation,and cell migration,and by inhibiting excessive extracellular matrix production.Additionally,these structures can serve as a scaffold for components used in wound repair,and they can be developed into bioengineered EVs to support trauma repair.Through the formulation of standardized culture,isolation,purification,and drug delivery strategies,exploration of the detailed mechanism of EVs will allow them to be used as clinical treatments for wound repair.In conclusion,MSCderived EV-based therapies have important application prospects in wound repair.Here we provide a comprehensive overview of their current status,application potential,and associated drawbacks.

Numerical study of alpha particle loss with toroidal field ripple based on CFETR steady-state scenario

Effects of plasma equilibrium parameters on the alpha particle loss with the toroidal field ripple based on the CFETR steady-state scenario have been numerically investigated by the orbit-following code GYCAVA. It is found that alpha particle losses decrease and loss regions become narrower with the plasma current increasing or with the magnetic field decreasing. It is because the ripple stochastic transport and the ripple well loss of alpha particle are reduced with the safety factor decreasing. Decrease of the plasma density and temperature can reduce alpha particle losses due to enhancement of the slowing-down effect. The direction of the toroidal magnetic field can significantly affect heat loads induced by lost alpha particle. The vertical asymmetry of heat loads induced by the clockwise and counter-clockwise toroidal magnetic fields are due to the fact that the ripple distribution is asymmetric about the mid-plane, which can be explained by the typical orbits of alpha particle. The maximal heat load of alpha particle for the clockwise toroidal magnetic field is much smaller than that for the counter-clockwise one.

我国城市轨道交通信号系统发展方向探讨

中国的城市轨道交通信号系统具有后发优势,除了上世纪九十年代早期建设的几条地铁线路的信号系统外,几乎全部采用CBTC(基于通信的列车控制)系统,实现了移动闭塞,这是几代轨道交通信号人梦寐以求目标。随着北京燕房线自主化的基于CBTC的FAO(全自动运行)列车控制系统开通以后,多家国内信号供应商拥有了自主化的FAO产品,并得到了工程验证。中国城市轨道交通信号系统的发展进入了“无人(领跑)区”,我们必须自己回答,我国城市轨道交通信号系统向何处去。

Bacterial Exofactors Modulate Biofilm Growth and Resistivity to Antimicrobial Drugs

Some bacteria have the ability to co-exist, proliferate and survive in a multicellular community, biofilm. Each participating bacteria can form its colonies and encases itself by a self-produced insoluble extracellular matrix substance (EPS). Microcolonies within biofilm are held together by interactions and bonding of the substances present in the EPS with their separation from the water channels. Similar to insoluble EPS, bacterial microcolonies release soluble exofactors that have direct impacts on the survivability, growth and antibacterial resistivity of other microcolonies made of single- or multi-species bacteria in the same biofilm. How the exofactors of microcolonies of one-type bacteria impact on microcolonies of other-type bacteria is still unclear. We studied about the role of exofactors released from Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, which are common biofilm-forming pathogenic bacteria. Exofactors facilitate to transform the microenvironment where bacteria can acquire alternative lifestyle with a long survival period and resistivity to certain antimicrobial drugs.

Gyrokinetic simulations of the kinetic electron effects on the electrostatic instabilities on the ITER baseline scenario

The linear and nonlinear simulations are carried out using the gyrokinetic code NLT for the electrostatic instabilities in the core region of a deuterium plasma based on the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor(ITER)baseline scenario.The kinetic electron effects on the linear frequency and nonlinear transport are studied by adopting the adiabatic electron model and the fully drift-kinetic electron model in the NLT code,respectively.The linear simulations focus on the dependence of linear frequency on the plasma parameters,such as the ion and electron temperature gradientsκ_(Ti,e)≡R=L_(Ti,e),the density gradientκ_(n)≡R/L_(n)and the ion-electron temperature ratioτ=T_(e)=T_(i).Here,is the major radius,and T_(e)and T_(i)denote the electron and ion temperatures,respectively.L_(A)=-(δ_(r)lnA)^(-1)is the gradient scale length,with denoting the density,the ion and electron temperatures,respectively.In the kinetic electron model,the ion temperature gradient(ITG)instability and the trapped electron mode(TEM)dominate in the small and large k_(θ)region,respectively,wherek_(θ)is the poloidal wavenumber.The TEMdominant region becomes wider by increasing(decreasing)κ_(T_(e))(κ_(T_(i)))or by decreasingκ_(n).For the nominal parameters of the ITER baseline scenario,the maximum growth rate of dominant ITG instability in the kinetic electron model is about three times larger than that in the adiabatic electron model.The normalized linear frequency depends on the value ofτ,rather than the value of T_(e)or T_(i),in both the adiabatic and kinetic electron models.The nonlinear simulation results show that the ion heat diffusivity in the kinetic electron model is quite a lot larger than that in the adiabatic electron model,the radial structure is finer and the time oscillation is more rapid.In addition,the magnitude of the fluctuated potential at the saturated stage peaks in the ITGdominated region,and contributions from the TEM(dominating in the higher k_(θ)region)to the nonlinear transport can be neglected.In the adiabatic electron model,the zonal radial electric field is found to be mainly driven by the turbulent energy flux,and the contribution of turbulent poloidal Reynolds stress is quite small due to the toroidal shielding effect.However,in the kinetic electron model,the turbulent energy flux is not strong enough to drive the zonal radial electric field in the nonlinear saturated stage.The kinetic electron effects on the mechanism of the turbulence-driven zonal radial electric field should be further investigated.

Data-driven analysis of chemicals,proteins and pathways associated with peanut allergy:from molecular networking to biological interpretation

Peanut allergy is majorly related to severe food induced allergic reactions.Several food including cow's milk,hen's eggs,soy,wheat,peanuts,tree nuts(walnuts,hazelnuts,almonds,cashews,pecans and pistachios),fish and shellfish are responsible for more than 90%of food allergies.Here,we provide promising insights using a large-scale data-driven analysis,comparing the mechanistic feature and biological relevance of different ingredients presents in peanuts,tree nuts(walnuts,almonds,cashews,pecans and pistachios)and soybean.Additionally,we have analysed the chemical compositions of peanuts in different processed form raw,boiled and dry-roasted.Using the data-driven approach we are able to generate new hypotheses to explain why nuclear receptors like the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors(PPARs)and its isoform and their interaction with dietary lipids may have significant effect on allergic response.The results obtained from this study will direct future experimeantal and clinical studies to understand the role of dietary lipids and PPARisoforms to exert pro-inflammatory or anti-inflammatory functions on cells of the innate immunity and influence antigen presentation to the cells of the adaptive immunity.

Linkage Between European and East Asian Heatwaves on Synoptic Scales

Concurrent extreme weather events in geographically distant areas potentially cause high-end risks for societies.By using network analysis,the present study managed to identify significant nearly-simultaneous occurrences of heatwaves between the grid cells in East Asia and Eastern Europe,even though they are geographically far away from each other.By further composite analysis,this study revealed that hot events first occurred in Eastern Europe,typically with a time lag of3-4 days before the East Asian heatwave events.An eastward propagating atmospheric wave train,known as the circumglobal teleconnection(CGT)pattern,bridged the sequent occurrences of extreme events in these two remote regions.Atmospheric blockings,amplified by surface warming over Eastern Europe,not only enhanced local heat extremes but also excited a CGT-like pattern characterized by alternative anomalies of high and low pressures.Subsequent downstream anticyclones in the middle and upper troposphere reduced local cloud cover and increased downward solar radiation,thereby facilitating the formation of heatwaves over East Asia.Nearly half of East Asian heatwave events were preceded by Eastern European heatwave events in the 10-day time range before East Asian heatwave events.This investigation of heatwave teleconnection in the two distant regions exhibits strong potential to improve the prediction accuracy of East Asian heatwaves.

“形式”与“内容”的符号学重审——一种基于理据性的循环形式论

作为一对哲学范畴,“形式”与“内容”在文学与艺术研究中产生了巨大影响,但长期存在争议。本文从皮尔斯的深度-广度论出发,为该问题提供一种基于理据性的循环形式论方案。“形式”可理解为客体被对象化的方式,“内容”则是在意指链条中与形式相比理据性程度较低的另一形式,或所有前位形式的集合。内容之“深度”体现在对形式予以解释过程中的理据性回落,而形式之“广度”则体现在对内容不断对象化过程中的理据性提升。在此理解下,形式研究便成为一种符号理据研究,日常用语中由理据性错位导致的对形式的误解也能得到澄清。

末路欢腾:1947年山东“行宪国大”代表选举中的政治乱局

1947年至1948年初,在山东地区大部已解放的背景下,国民党山东省政府匆忙举行“行宪国大”选举。通过对选举工作的组织情况、选举过程中的政治运作及最终选举结果的考察。在国共内战的背景和国民党当局独裁意志下,山东地区“行宪国大”选举的代表性和公正性存在严重的漏洞。“国民大会”选举实则成为国民党当局的权力分配游戏,其实质与“宪政”和“民主”相去甚远。选举工作的局限性也反映了解放战争后期国民党当局在山东地区已基本失去了基层控制与动员能力。

以大农业观与大食物观为指导助力多元化食物供给保障体系构建

鉴于我国食物供求关系出现的新形势与新挑战,习近平总书记提出要树立“大农业观”与“大食物观”,充分利用“两个市场两种资源”,全方面多途径开发食物资源,以满足我国居民日益多元化更加营养健康的食物需求。该文首先梳理了我国食物与农业观的演变历程,阐述了“大农业观”与“大食物观”的内涵,然后总结我国食物供应保障面临的主要挑战,在此基础上,提出了构建多元化食物供应保障体系的思考与建议。

Prevalence and intensity of urinary schistosomiasis and soil-transmitted helminths among women of reproductive age in Mwaluphamba,Kwale

Objective:To assess the epidemiology of urinary schistosomiasis and soil-transmitted helminthiasis among women of reproductive age in Mwaluphamba,Kwale County,Kenya.Methods:A community-based cross-sectional study design was employed to randomly sample 422 women of reproductive age(15-<50 years)from four villages in Mwaluphamba location.Stool specimens were collected and examined using the Kato-Katz method,while filtration technique was used to analyze urine specimens.Participants’sociodemographic details were obtained using a standardized questionnaire.Results:Urinary schistosomiasis prevalence was at 4.7%(20/422,95%CI 2.8%-6.9%)while the prevalence of soil-transmitted helminthiasis infection was 4.5%(19/422,95%CI 2.6%-6.7%).The infection intensities of urinary schistosomiasis among the study participants ranged from 1 to 120 eggs/10 mL of urine with median egg count of 18.45 eggs/10 mL.The patients were diagnosed with light infection,of 56.16 egg/gram and 48.48 egg/gram for Trichuris trichiura and hookworms,respectively.Women without latrines had 15.7 times higher risk of having urinary schistosomiasis compared to those with a latrine.Similarly,use of surface water(aOR=1.0,95%CI 0.2-1.4,P=0.010)and crossing the river to go to a place(aOR=1.1,95%CI 0.3-1.6,P=0.009)were statistically significant risk factors for getting urinary schistosomiasis.In bivariable regression analysis,defecating around the water source(OR=4.3,95%CI 1.5-12.9)had a statistically significant association with the prevalence of soil-transmitted helminthiasis(P=0.008).Conclusions:This study has given an insight on the prevalence and intensity of urinary schistosomiasis and soil-transmitted helminthiasis in Mwaluphamba location that form a basis for strengthening the control and elimination programmes for these neglected tropical diseases.

Subpopulations of regulatory T cells are associated with subclinical atherosclerotic plaques,levels of LDL,and cardiorespiratory fitness in the elderly

Background:Atherosclerosis forms the pathological basis for the development of cardiovascular disease.Since pathological processes initially develop without clinically relevant symptoms,the identification of early markers in the subclinical stage plays an important role for initiating early interventions.There is evidence that regulatory T cells(Tregs)are involved in the development of atherosclerosis.Therefore,the present study aimed to identify and investigate associations with Tregs and their subsets in a cohort of healthy elderly individuals with and without subclinical atherosclerotic plaques(SAP).In addition,various lifestyle and risk factors,such as cardiorespiratory fitness,were investigated as associated signatures.Methods:A cross-sectional study was performed in 79 participants(male:n=50;age=63.6±3.7 years;body mass index=24.9±3.1 kg/m2;mean±SD)who had no previous diagnosis of chronic disease and were not taking medication.Ultrasound of the carotids to identify SAP,cardiovascular function measurement for vascular assessment and a cardiorespiratory fitness test to determine peak oxygen uptake were performed.Additionally,tests were conducted to assess blood lipids and determine glucose levels.Immunophenotyping of Tregs and their subtypes(resting(rTregs)and effector/memory(mTregs))was performed by 8-chanel flow cytometry.Participants were categorized according to atherosclerotic plaque status.Linear and logistic regression models were used to analyze associations between parameters.Results:SAP was detected in a total of 29 participants.The participants with plaque were older(64.8±3.6 years vs.62.9±3.5 years)and had higher peripheral systolic blood pressure(133.8±14.7 mmHg vs.125.8±10.9 mmHg).The participants with SAP were characterized by a lower percentage of rTregs(28.8%±10.7%vs.34.6%±10.7%)and a higher percentage of mTregs(40.3%±14.7%vs.30.0%±11.9%).Multiple logistic regression identified age(odds ratio(OR)=1.20(95%confidence interval(95%CI):1.011.42))and mTregs(OR=1.05(95%CI:1.021.10))as independent risk factors for SAP.Stepwise linear regression could reveal an association of peak oxygen uptake(β=0.441),low-density lipoprotein(LDL)(β=0.096),and SAP(β=6.733)with mTregs and LDL(β=0.104)with rTregs.Conclusion:While at an early stage of SAP,the total proportion of Tregs gives no indication of vascular changes,this is indicated by a shift in the Treg subgroups.Factors such as serum LDL or cardiopulmonary fitness may be associated with this shift and may also be additional diagnostic indicators.This could be used to initiate lifestyle-based preventive measures at an early stage,which may have a protective effect against disease progression.

Reshaping the concept of bonded magnets——recent progress in the industrialization of anisotropic rare earth-ferro nitrides(SmFeN,NdFeN)

The chemical formula for rare earth-ferro nitrides is RxFeyNz,where R represents a rare earth element.Anisotropic rare earth-ferro nitrides include two types of materials with different chemical compositions and crystal structures:(1) Nd(Fe,M)12Nx or Pr(Fe,M)12Nx,where M=Ti,V,Mo,etc.,having a ThMn12-type tetragonal crystal structure,commonly referred to as Neodymium-FerroNitrogen (NdFeN);(2) Sm2Fe17Nx, having a Th2Zn17-type rhombohedral crystal structure,abbreviated as Samarium-Ferro-Nitrogen (SmFeN).The academic community refers to these two types of materials collectively as rare earth-ferro nitrides.

特约主编寄语

高比例的新能源接入与高比例电力电子设备应用以及源荷双边随机性是以新能源为主体的新型电力系统的显著特征,风光的波动性、间歇性、随机性和系统的转动惯量及短路容量锐减等问题给电网安全稳定运行带来严峻挑战。在构建以新能源为主体的新型电力系统的进程中,源网荷储一体化是重要的发展模式,通过电源、电网、负荷和储能的灵活调节和协同互动优化运行,实现多能源互补,促进供需两侧实时精准匹配,有效解决风光等清洁能源消纳和电网波动性等问题,提高新型电力系统安全稳定和综合效率。

Remaining Useful Life Prediction With Partial Sensor Malfunctions Using Deep Adversarial Networks

In recent years,intelligent data-driven prognostic methods have been successfully developed,and good machinery health assessment performance has been achieved through explorations of data from multiple sensors.However,existing datafusion prognostic approaches generally rely on the data availability of all sensors,and are vulnerable to potential sensor malfunctions,which are likely to occur in real industries especially for machines in harsh operating environments.In this paper,a deep learning-based remaining useful life(RUL)prediction method is proposed to address the sensor malfunction problem.A global feature extraction scheme is adopted to fully exploit information of different sensors.Adversarial learning is further introduced to extract generalized sensor-invariant features.Through explorations of both global and shared features,promising and robust RUL prediction performance can be achieved by the proposed method in the testing scenarios with sensor malfunctions.The experimental results suggest the proposed approach is well suited for real industrial applications.

多场耦合非热平衡低温等离子体与微纳米结构材料的相互作用

低温等离子体是制备微纳米材料和调控其结构特性的最重要方法之一,其中材料结构及特性的改变是等离子体电磁场、热场、化学场等多场耦合综合作用的结果.本文系统而简要地回顾了如下主要内容:电源的频率及其调制、施加方式对等离子体放电特性与稳定性的影响;大气压等离子体物理化学反应动力学;等离子体场对微纳米颗粒的聚集态结构与运动的调控、以及对沉积薄膜微纳米结构的影响.总结并得出如下主要结论:放电频率、脉冲调制功率、容性或者感性耦合方式、单体种类、基片温度等对等离子体活性粒子成分与特性具有主要影响,在kHz~MHz范围可以实现稳定放电和微纳米颗粒制备和薄膜沉积;微纳米颗粒/颗粒膜结构形貌随时间和空间而发生动态变化;低温等离子体多场调制可以快速实现微纳米颗粒的结晶,并调控微纳米颗粒的成分、尺度、带隙、晶型、晶面比例及其形貌特征;引入微颗粒可以在鞘层位置悬浮形成规则的二维等离子体晶格与无序的等离子体非晶,在介观尺度研究复杂系统的结构与动理学过程.

大气压脉冲级联放电快速制备超疏水耐久涂层

通过大气压脉冲级联放电(APPCD)等离子体的聚合交联作用,在涤纶织物表面快速制备兼具耐久性和自修复能力的超疏水涂层。深入研究不同等离子体放电源对涂层表面疏水性、耐久性及稳定性的影响。结果表明:APPCD等离子体制备的超疏水涂层表面水接触角可达163.2°,滚动角低至8.4°,样品经600次摩擦或250次水洗后仍可保持超疏水性;超疏水涂层表面弹性模量的变化是影响涂层机械牢度的主要原因;制备的超疏水涂层具有良好的可修复性,加热修复可使出现一定磨损的织物恢复疏水性。研究可为超疏水涂层的工业推广提供试验基础和技术支持。