Contribution in Information Signal Processing for Solving State Space Nonlinear Estimation Problems

In this paper, comprehensive methods to apply several formulations of nonlinear estimators to integrated navigation problems are considered and developed. The problem of linear and nonlinear filters such as Kalman Filter (KF) and Extended Kalman Filter (EKF) is stated. Analog solution which is based on fisher information matrix propagation for linear and nonlinear filtering is also developed. Additionally, the idea of iterations is included through the update step both for Kalman filters and Information filters in order to improve accuracy. Through this development, two new formulations of High order Kalman filters and High order Information filters are presented. Finally, in order to compare these different nonlinear filters, special applications are analyzed by using the proposed techniques to estimate two well-known mathematical state space models, which are based on nonlinear time series used to apply these estimation algorithms. A criterion used for comparison is the root mean square error RMSE and several simulations under specific conditions are illustrated.

Radical Right Parties in the Political System of States： Theoretical and Practical Aspects

The article deals with the question of whether far-right parties are able to influence the political and party system in the contemporary state. Far-right parties have acquired special political features that are grounded on a broad variety of far-right ideological norms and political instruments. Far-right parties challenge the state government and policy offering the key （anti-immigration politics） to solve a variety of complicated issues. The main idea of the article is that far-right parties are flexible enough in their political rhetoric and instruments to gain electoral support. Based on different concepts and theories we should underline that far-right parties have a prominent electoral future but their place in the political arena greatly depends on existing conflicts of social and cultural nature in the nation-state.

Analysis of X-Ray Emission from OB Stars. IV. About X-Ray Emission from Inhomogeneous Winds of OB Stars

We study the origin of X-ray emission from OB stars due to collisions of stellar winds and/or inhomogeneities in the winds. The low-resolution X-ray spectra of a big sample of OB stars were fitted by both the stationary APEC/MEKAL models and by this model with an additional PSHOCK component describing the nonstationary X-ray emission. These spectra were also described by two-temperature PSHOCK models. More than ~50% of considered spectra can be described by the above-mentioned model combinations including the PSHOCK model and the quality of the fits appears to be better for O stars. The plasma temperature of the PSHOCK component is about 1–5 keV with the ionization timescale τ_(u)~ 10^(8)–10^(13)s cm^(-3). The temperature of the PSHOCK component increases with the momentum and kinetic energy of the stellar wind by a power law with an index ~0.12–0.14.Such dependencies were not revealed through modeling by the stationary APEC/MEKAL models only. At the same time the X-ray luminosity of OB stars depends on momentum and kinetic energy of their winds similarly either for stationary or for nonstationary models. We conclude that many O stars and some B stars can be sources of the nonstationary X-rays formed in their inhomogeneous stellar wind.

NiTi形状记忆合金在恒定应力和温度下保温过程中马氏体相变诱发的可恢复应变

研究NiTi形状记忆合金在应力下等温保温过程中的应变变化。为了研究可恢复应变,对Ni_(51)Ti_(49)和Ti_(40.7)Hf_(9.5)Ni_(44.8)Cu_(5)合金进行3种制度的保温处理,分别是:应力下冷却后在应力下保温(制度1);无应力和载荷下冷却后在应力下保温(制度2);具有双向形状记忆效应的样品在应力下保温(制度3)。结果表明,所有制度中,在应力下保温后样品均会发生应变变化。该应变在后续热处理或卸载后能恢复,因此表明应变变化是由等温马氏体相变引起的。这种等温应变取决于合金的化学成分、等温保温制度、应力和保温温度。Ti_(40.7)Hf_(9.5)Ni_(44.8)Cu_(5)合金(制度1)和Ni_(51)Ti_(49)合金(制度2)的最大等温应变分别为3.4%和6.1%。制度3中的保温伴随着较小的应变(小于0.3%)。讨论储存弹性能对等温马氏体相变的影响,结果表明,当相变伴随着较小的储存弹性能时,等温应变较大。

Novel Path Counting-Based Method for Fractal Dimension Estimation of the Ultra-Dense Networks

Next-generation networks,including the Internet of Things(IoT),fifth-generation cellular systems(5G),and sixth-generation cellular systems(6G),suf-fer from the dramatic increase of the number of deployed devices.This puts high constraints and challenges on the design of such networks.Structural changing of the network is one of such challenges that affect the network performance,includ-ing the required quality of service(QoS).The fractal dimension(FD)is consid-ered one of the main indicators used to represent the structure of the communication network.To this end,this work analyzes the FD of the network and its use for telecommunication networks investigation and planning.The clus-ter growing method for assessing the FD is introduced and analyzed.The article proposes a novel method for estimating the FD of a communication network,based on assessing the network’s connectivity,by searching for the shortest routes.Unlike the cluster growing method,the proposed method does not require multiple iterations,which reduces the number of calculations,and increases the stability of the results obtained.Thus,the proposed method requires less compu-tational cost than the cluster growing method and achieves higher stability.The method is quite simple to implement and can be used in the tasks of research and planning of modern and promising communication networks.The developed method is evaluated for two different network structures and compared with the cluster growing method.Results validate the developed method.

Incidence of urinary incontinence following endoscopic laser enucleation of the prostate by en-bloc and non-en-bloc techniques:a multicenter,real-world experience of 5068 patients

We aim to evaluate the incidence of incontinence following laser endoscopic enucleation of the prostate(EEP)comparing en-bloc(Group 1)versus 2-lobe/3-lobe techniques(Group 2).We performed a retrospective review of patients undergoing EEP for benign prostaticenlargement in 12 centers between January 2020 and January 2022.Data were presented as median and interquartile range(IQR).Univariable and multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to evaluate factors associated with stress urinary incontinence(SUI)and mixed urinary incontinence(MUI).There were 1711 patients in Group 1 and 3357 patients in Group 2.Patients in Group 2were significantly younger(68[62–73]years vs 69[63–74]years,P=0.002).Median(interquartile range)prostate volume(PV)wassimilar between the groups(70[52–92]ml in Group 1 vs 70[54–90]ml in Group 2,P=0.774).There was no difference in preoperativeInternational Prostate Symptom Score,quality of life,or maximum flow rate.Enucleation,morcellation,and total surgical time weresignificantly shorter in Group 1.Within 1 month,overall incontinence rate was 6.3%in Group 1 versus 5.3%in Group 2(P=0.12),and urge incontinence was significantly higher in Group 1(55.1%vs 37.3%in Group 2,P<0.001).After 3 months,the overall rate ofincontinence was 1.7%in Group 1 versus 2.3%in Group 2(P=0.06),and SUI was significantly higher in Group 2(55.6%vs 24.1%in Group 1,P=0.002).At multivariable analysis,PV and IPSS were factors significantly associated with higher odds of transient SUI/MUI.PV,surgical time,and no early apical release technique were factors associated with higher odds of persistent SUI/MUI.

Synthesis ofγ-MnOOH nanorods by successive ionic layer deposition method and their capacitive performance

It was first shown in the present study that layers of manganite γ-Mn OOH can be deposited on the surface of a substrate by its multiple successive treatment by the solutions of MnSO;and K;S;O;using the successive ionic layer deposition（SILD） technique. Their analysis was carried out by the XRD, XPS, FT-IR,SEM and EDX methods. It has shown that the synthesized layers are formed by aggregates of nanorods up to 80–100 nm in length and approximately 8–10 nm in diameter. A probable sequence of chemical reactions leading to the formation of a layer of the given morphology is suggested. Testing of performance of supercapacitors with nickel foam electrodes incorporating the γ-Mn OOH layers in the 0.1 M KOH electrolyte at 1 A/g indicated the specific capacitance equal to 1120 F/g. After 1000 work cycles the observed degradation of this value was less than 3%.

Control of chaotic oscillations of a satellite

Analytical conditions and practical methods of their realization are proposed to solve a problem of a command signal tracking for a nonlinear disturbed system. Nonlinear disturbed plants consisting of linear dynamic block and nonlinear block in feedback are considered. Nonlinear part of the plant and disturbance are unknown and bounded. The paper illustrates a possibility of applications of proposed algorithms to control libration angle of satellite.

The prognostic role of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein in patients with acute myocardial infarction

1 Introduction Inflammation is one of the main mechanisms in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis,and the interest to the evaluation of inflammatory biomarkers in coronary artery disease(CAD)has been increasing over the last decade.[1,2]Destabilization of chronic artery plaques,which leads to acute coronary syndromes,has been associated with inflammatory status.[1,3]。

Intelligent Microservice Based on Blockchain for Healthcare Applications

Nowadays,the blockchain,Internet of Things,and artificial intelligence technology revolutionize the traditional way of data mining with the enhanced data preprocessing,and analytics approaches,including improved service platforms.Nevertheless,one of the main challenges is designing a combined approach that provides the analytics functionality for diverse data and sustains IoT applications with robust and modular blockchain-enabled services in a diverse environment.Improved data analytics model not only provides support insights in IoT data but also fosters process productivity.Designing a robust IoT-based secure analytic model is challenging for several purposes,such as data from diverse sources,increasing data size,and monolithic service designing techniques.This article proposed an intelligent blockchain-enabled microservice to support predictive analytics for personalized fitness data in an IoT environment.The designed system support microservice-based analytic functionalities to provide secure and reliable services for IoT.To demonstrate the proposed model effectiveness,we have used the IoT fitness application as a case study.Based on the designed predictive analytic model,a recommendation model is developed to recommend daily and weekly diet and workout plans for improved body fitness.Moreover,the recommendation model objective is to help trainers make future health decisions of trainees in terms of workout and diet plan.Finally,the proposed model is evaluated using Hyperledger Caliper in terms of latency,throughput,and resource utilization with varying peers and orderer nodes.The experimental result shows that the proposed model is applicable for diverse resourceconstrained blockchain-enabled IoT applications and extensible for several IoT scenarios.

Comparison of Debris Flow Characteristics Obtained by Using Video Materials and Modeling

Velocity of debris flow is one of the most important characteristics for the protective construction design. Since debris flows are rare events, and observations are conducted only on stations in Russia, Ukraine, Italy, Switzerland, USA, China, Japan and New Zealand, the velocity is calculated rather than measured. Nowadays, a large number of videos with passing debris flows have appeared on the Internet. Scientists can use such video materials to obtain qualitative and quantitative characteristics of the debris flow. Therefore, the aim of our research is an attempt to measure the debris flow velocity using video materials and compare the obtained results with the calculated values using various methods. The debris flow that came down in Firgen, Austria on August 4, 2012 was chosen as the object of our study. The video was carried out from several angles, so it was possible to select a section of the channel, through which we could measure the debris flows waves velocity. In addition, we calculated the velocities of waves by formulas adopted in the regulatory documents and compared with the measured by video values. During the video analysis, debris flow velocities at different sites were observed: minimum—7.2 m/s and maximum—10 m/s. The calculated values varied from 4.5 m/s to 11.4 m/s. Moreover, we applied model of the transport-shear process of debris flow formation developed by Yu. B. Vinogradov. When we were comparing the obtained debris flow discharges with results from Austrian colleagues, we found out that the values were similar to each other. However, internal scatter in the model changed from 151 to 190 m3/s, while in the report of Austrian colleagues the discharges were from 80 to 250 m3/s.

The Study of Natural Solution Protective Activity on H7N9 Virus

Background: One of potentially dangerous problems for a human organism is the new strain of a virus of bird flu-A/H7N9. As it is regular mutation of bird flu virus, it obvious, that of antibacterial preparations is not efficient. Efficiency decreases when the number of agents with multiple stability to antimicrobic remedy vastly increases, the part of associate infections enlarges, and aggression of opportunistic pathogenic flora rises. This reduces the role of the preparations in prevention of epidemics. Therefore, the optimization of only etiotropic therapies does not fully solve the problem. In this connection natural preparations seem extremely promising which strengthen the functional condition of immune system and, thereby, activate protective forces of macroorganism. Objectives: One of such preparations is BAE Synergy Liquid, a natural mineral water which was underwent subtle energetic changes at the natural energetic deposit. Design: An estimation of protective efficiency of naturally modified mineral BAE SL water was performed on white outbred mice-males in models of H7N9 virus. The animals were monitored during 16 days after infection, and survived and fallen mice were counted daily. Results: The results revealed significant effect of the investigated preparation as possible prophylactic care and medical remedy to the mentioned virus. This means that one can be considered as potential effective remedy for human. Conclusions: As significant effect of the immune system resistance was revealed, the experimental model with studied naturally modified mineral water is potentially generalizable.

Intelligent Transmission Control for Efficient Operations in SDN

Although the Software-Defined Network(SDN)is a well-controlled and efficient network but the complexity of open flow switches in SDN causes multiple issues.Many solutions have been proposed so far for the prevention of errors and mistakes in it but yet,there is still no smooth transmission of pockets from source to destination specifically when irregular movements follow the destination host in SDN,the errors include packet loss,data compromise etc.The accuracy of packets received at their desired destination is possible if networks for pockets and hosts are monitored instead of analysis of network snapshot statistically for the state,as these approaches with open flow switches,discover bugs after their occurrence.This article proposes a design to achieve the said objective by defining the Intelligent Transmission Control Layer(ITCL)layer.It monitors all the connections of end hosts at their specific locations and performs necessary settlements when the connection state changes for one or multiple hosts.The layer informs the controller regarding any state change at one period and controller collects information of end nodes reported via ITCL.Then,updates flow tables accordingly to accommodate a location-change scenario with a routechange policy.ICTL is organized on prototype-based implementation using the popular POX platform.In this paper,it has been discovered that ITCL produces efficient performance in the trafficking of packets and controlling different states of SDN for errors and packet loss.

Search for Effective Catalysts for the Development of Engines Based on the Products of Catalytic Decomposition of N_(2)O

The paper presents requirements for the N_(2)O decomposition catalyst and provides justification for the selection of components to develop its formulation.The methods to study the physical and chemical as well as catalytic properties of catalysts were developed,and the results of experimental studies on the properties of catalysts with different composition in the laboratory conditions were presented.The activity of samples of compact metal catalysts as well as samples of supported metal and oxide catalysts in the nitrous oxide decomposition reaction was studies.The methodology for determining the activity of catalysts in the decomposition reaction of N_(2)O is presented,as well as the design of an experimental reactor for determining the activity of the catalyst by the minimum temperature for the onset of the decomposition reaction of N_(2)O.In the course of the study,the following series of catalyst activity are determined in the N_(2)O decomposition reaction up to a temperature of 600℃:based on platinum group metals applied to the aluminum oxide carrier-Rh>Ru>Ir>Pt>Pd;based on simple oxides applied to the aluminum oxide carrier-CoO>Cr_(2)O_(3),MnO_(2)>CuO>ZrO_(2)>NiO>Fe_(2)O_(3).The following activity series for the most promising carriers are also determined:by the onset temperature of decomposition,ZrO_(2)>Al_(2)O_(3)-CaO>Al_(2)O_(3)-ZrO_(2)>Al_(2)O_(3)-AlN>θ-Al_(2)O_(3)>Al_(2)O_(3)-SiO_(2)>SiO_(2)>α-Al_(2)O_(3);by the rate constants of N_(2)O decomposition,Al_(2)O_(3)-SiO_(2)>Al_(2)O_(3)-AlN>ZrO_(2)>Al_(2)O_(3)>Al_(2)O_(3)-ZrO_(2)>Al_(2)O_(3)-CaO>α-Al_(2)O_(3)>SiO_(2).The paper presents the results of selecting the active component and carriers for the supported catalyst.The author proposes formulations of the nitrous oxide decomposition catalyst for bench testing in simulated engines.

紧凑型电子自旋共振(ESR)仪(英文)

描述了一种原创的紧凑型电子自旋共振(ESR)仪.该仪器具备高性能、低成本、简单可靠、结构紧凑、开放构架、多功能模块等一系列特点.分析了ESR谱仪的多个微波单位,研发并通过实验验证了自差ESR谱仪的最优双腔结构,并设计了一种可提供高均匀磁场的电、永磁混合磁体.最后介绍了这种新型紧凑型电子自旋共振仪的主要参数和应用.

Composite Biomaterials Based on Poly(L-Lactic Acid)and Functionalized Cellulose Nanocrystals

The biocomposite films were prepared from poly(L-lactic acid)and cellulose nanocrystals.To improve interfacial compatibility of hydrophilic cellulose nanocrystals with hydrophobic matrix polymer as well as to provide the osteoconductive properties,cellulose was functionalized with poly(glutamic acid).The modified cellulose nanocrystals were better distributed and less aggregated within the matrix,which was testified by scanning electron,optical and polarized light microscopy.According to mechanical tests,composites filled with nanocrystals modified with PGlu demonstrated higher values of Young’s modulus,elongation at break and tensile strength.Incubation of composite materials in model buffer solutions for 30 weeks followed with staining of Ca^(2+)deposits with Alizarin Red S assay testified better mineralization of materials containing PGlu-modified cellulose nanocrystals as filler.As the result of in vivo experiment,the developed composite materials showed less level of inflammation in comparison with pure polymer matrix and composites filled with non-functionalized cellulose nanocrystals.

Dense Fractal Networks, Trends, Noises and Switches in Homeostasis Regulation of Shannon Entropy for Chromosomes’ Activity in Living Cells for Medical Diagnostics

We analyze correlations and patterns of oxidative activity of 3D DNA at DNA fluorescence in complete sets of chromosomes in neutrophils of peripheral blood. Fluorescence of DNA is registered by method of flow cytometry with nanometer spatial resolution. Experimental data present fluorescence of many ten thousands of cells, from different parts of body in each population, in various blood samples. Data is presented in histograms as frequency distributions of flashes in the dependence on their intensity. Normalized frequency distribution of information in these histograms is used as probabilistic measure for definition of Shannon entropy. Data analysis shows that for this measure of Shannon entropy common sum of entropy, i.e. total entropy E, for any histogram is invariant and has identical trends of changes all values of E (r) = lnr at reduction of rank r of histogram. This invariance reflects informational homeostasis of chromosomes activity inside cells in multi-scale networks of entropy, for varied ranks r. Shannon entropy in multi-scale DNA networks has much more dense packing of correlations than in “small world” networks. As the rule, networks of entropy differ by the mix of normal D 2 and abnormal D > 2 fractal dimensions for varied ranks r, the new types of fractal patterns and hinges for various topology (fractal dimension) at different states of health. We show that all distributions of information entropy are divided on three classes, which associated in diagnostics with a good health or dominants of autoimmune or inflammatory diseases. This classification based on switching of stability at transcritical bifurcation in homeostasis regulation. We defined many ways for homeostasis regulation, coincidences and switching patterns in branching sequences, the averages of H&ouml;lder for deviations of entropy from homeostasis at different states of health, with various saturation levels the noises of entropy at activity of all chromosomes in support regulation of homeostasis.

Ultralight Oxygen in Corundum-Bearing Rocks of North Karelia, Russia, as a Result of Isotope Separation by Thermal Diffusion (Soret Effect) in Endogenous Fluid Flow

Helium and argon isotopes in fluid inclusions in minerals of corundum bearing rocks with anomalous light oxygen of the Khitoostrov (North Karelia, Russia) were studied. It was found that atmospheric noble gas component is missing. Therefore, all previously proposed models of participation in the fluid surface ice meltwater are not valid. Proposed and justified endogenous mechanism of isotope fractionation of oxygen and other chemical elements by the mechanism of thermal diffusion. Geologically justified existence of the cascading effect for a number of the separation thermodiffusion cells, which lead to significant isotope effects. Cascading is realized due to the “fluid pump”, in which role are acting amphibolized gabbro in the contact with corundum metasomatites. It is assumed that the mechanism is not specific for the case corundum metasomatic rocks, which are a special case of manifestation of such a scenario in processes involving endogenous fluid flows.