Recent advances of high performance SiO_(x)(0

SiOx is attractive as an anode material for lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)due to its high capacity,low cost,and relatively higher cyclic stability than Si anode.However,the intrinsic low electronic conductivity,low initial coulombic efficiency(ICE),and volume expansion during cycles hinder its applications.In this review,we summarize advances in high performance SiOx anodes,mainly from two aspects:active material and binders.The future perspective is investigated at the end of this review.Our review provides strategical guidance for developing high performance SiOx anodes.

Synthesis,Structure and Properties of a Novel Infinite Triple Helices Coordination Polymer{[Co(4,4'-bipyridine)(4,4'azobispyridine)_(2)(NCS)_(2)]·H_(2)O}_(n)

The novel complex{[Co(bipy)(azpy)_(2)(NCS)_(2)]·H_(2)O}n(where bipy=4,4′bipyridine,azpy=4,4′azobisp yridine)has been synthesized and characterized by elemental analyses,IR,UV,thermal analyses,and variable temperature magnetic susceptibility.The crystal(C_(32)H_(26)CoN_(12)OS_(2),Mr=717.70)belongs to the orthorhombic,space group Pnna,a=2.21312(16)nm,b=1.40403(10)nm,c=1.14237(8)nm,V=3.5497(4)nm^(3),Z=4,Dc=1.343g·cm^(-3),μ=0.645mm^(-1),F(000)=1476,and final R_(1)=0.0691,wR_(2)=0.1129 for 231 parameters and 1674 observed reflections[I>2.00σ(I)].The Co(Ⅱ)atom is,in a distorted octahedral geometry,coordinated by six nitrogen atoms from two bridging bipy,two monodentate azpy,and two thiocyanate groups.The bridging ligand bipy links Co(Ⅱ)atoms to form the infinite“rod"with terminal coordination azpy ligand acting as sidearms.Unprecedented three parallel interpenetrating two dimensional(4,4)networks and novel infinite triple helices are formed via hydrogen bonding interactions.CCDC:155588.

Synthesis, Crystal Structure and Properties of a New Zn(II) Coordination Polymer Constructed from 2,3-Pyridine Dicarboxylic Acid and 1,1′-(1,4-Butanediyl)bis(imidazole)

A new coordination polymer, namely [Zn（pdc）（bbi）]n {H2 pdc = 2,3-pyridine dicar- boxylic acid, bbi = 1,1-（1,4-butanediyl）bis（imidazole）}, has been prepared under hydrothermal conditions and characterized by elemental analysis, IR, and single-crystal X-ray diffraction. It crystallizes in monoclinic, space group P21 /n with a = 8.436（3）, b = 16.988（5）, c = 12.106（4）, β = 92.204（5）°, V = 1733.6（9）3, Z = 4, C17 H17 N5 O4 Zn, Mr = 420.73, Dc = 1.612 g/cm3, F（000） = 864, μ（MoKa） = 0.452 mm-1, the R = 0.0672 and wR = 0.1645. In the mononuclear complex, each Zn（II） is five-coordinated by one carboxylate O and one pyridyl N atoms from one pdc anion, one carboxylate O atom from another pdc anion, and two N atoms from two bib ligands. The Zn（II） ions are connected by pdc ligands to form skeleton chains, and bbi ligands further link them to construct a 2D framework. The thermal and luminescence properties of the complex were also investigated.

Spectral,Thermal and Structural Studies of Two 3D Coordination Polymers Based on Tetracarboxylic Ligand

Two new coordination polymers,[M6L3（DMA）3（H2O）]（M=Zn for 1,Cu for 2,L=tetrakis[3-（carboxyphenyl）oxamethyl]methane acid,DMA = N,N-dimethylacetamide） have been solvothermally synthesized. Single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis reveals that compounds 1 and 2 are isostructural and crystallize in the trigonal space group R. The asymmetrical unit contains two metal ions,one L^4- ligand and two coordinated DMA molecules. The metal ions are connected through six aromatic rings into a linear trimetallic zinc building unit. The whole structure is connected through tetrehedral ligand and the trimetallic building units to form a 4,6-connected framework of the toc topology. Compounds 1 and 2 are further studied by IR spectroscopy,thermogravimetric analyses and PXRD. The solid-state UV-Vis and photoluminescent properties of compounds 1 are also investigated.

Synthesis and Structure of an Interlock Network Frame of Cobalt(Ⅱ) Coordination Polymer {[Co(azpy)_2(NCS)_2]·1/4EtOH·1/2H_2O}_n (azpy=4,4′-Azobispyridine)

A compound {[Co(azpy)2(NCS)2]·1/4EtOH·1/2H2O}n(1), where azpy=4,4’-azobispyridine, was synthesized and characterized by means of IR, TGA-DTA, magnetic susceptibility and X-ray single crystal diffraction. It consists of two independent sets of fully interlocked two-dimensional networks with the dihedral angle 61.7°, organized in parallel stacks of the sheets which are made of edge-shared [Co(Ⅱ)]4squares separated by 0. 9062nm, and defined size rhombic channels. The thermal gravimetric analysis indicates that the framework is stable up to 198℃. The variable-temperature magnetic susceptibility measurements indicated that there is a weak antiferromagnetic interaction between the cobalt(Ⅰ) ions in the complex (1).

Synthesis and Characterization of Two Chiral Cadmium Coordination Compounds Constructed from (1S,1′S)-1,1′-(4-amino-4H-1,2,4-triazole-3,5-diyl)diethanol

Two chiral cadmium coordination compounds,（S）-[Cd（deoatrz）2 Cl2]（1）and（S）[Cd（deoatrz）2 （NO3）2]（2）（deoatrz=（1S,1 S）-1,1-（4-amino-4H-1,2,4-triazole-3,5-diyl）diethanol）,are reported.Both 1 and 2 are mononuclear,crystallizing in tetragonal P41212 chiral space group with Z=2.For1,a=11.520（3）,b=11.520（3）,c=15.175（1）,V=2013.6（1）3,Mr=527.7,Dc =1.741 g/cm 3,μ=1.386mm-1,F（000）=1064,the final GOF=1.05,R=0.0147 and wR=0.0433 for1932 observed reflections with I〉2σ（I）.For 2,a=12.201（3）,b=12.201（3）,c=15.027（4）,V=2237.1（1）3,Mr=580.8,Dc=1.725 g/cm 3,μ=1.047mm-1,F（000）=1176,the final GOF=1.00,R=0.0201 and wR=0.0415 for 2408 observed reflections with I〉2σ（I）.Compounds 1 and 2 are connected into three-dimensional supramolecular networks through hydrogen bonding interactions.

Syntheses and Crystal Structures of Three Coordination Complexes Based on Ln(Ⅲ) and mpca-Ligand

Three complexes obtained by the reaction of Pr（Ⅲ） or Nd（Ⅲ） salts with 5-methyl-2-pyrazinecarboxylic acid（Hmpca） are structurally determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction.Complex [Pr（mpca-）3（H2O）2]2·6H2O（1） is composed of dinuclear Pr（Ⅲ） units with two metal centers bridged by two anionic mpca-ligands in a κ^3O,O＇：O＇ bridging mode.Complexes [Pr（mpca-）3]n（2） and [Nd（mpca-）3]n（3） are isostructures,and they consist of polymeric chains based on Ln（Ⅲ） and mpca-ligands.Each pair of adjacent metal centers is linked by three mpca-molecules in a κ^3N,O：O bridging mode.

Structure and Photophysical Properties of a Chiral 4-Fold Interpenetrated Zn(Ⅱ) Coordination Polymer Tuned by 4,4'-(Hexafluoroisopropylidene)bis(benzoic acid)and 1,3-Di(pyridineyl)benzene

A new three-dimensional（3D） chiral metal-organic coordination polymer, [Zn（dpb）（hfipbb）]n, was obtained under hydrothermal conditions by 1,3-di（pyridineyl）benzene（dpb） and 4,4-（Hexafluoroisopropylidene）bis（benzoic acid）（H2hfipbb）. The as-prepared sample was characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction, PXRD, elemental analysis, IR spectroscopy and TGA analysis. The title coordination polymer crystallizes in orthorhombic, space group P21212, with a=21.923（4）, b=23.594（4）, c=7.3042（13） , V=3778.1（12） 3, Dc=1.209 g/cm3, Mr=687.90, F（000）=1328, μ=0.713 mm（-1） and Z=4. The compound contains two types of helical chains [Zn（hfipbb）]n and [Zn（dpb）]n which are linked with each other to generate a 3D framework by sharing the same Zn（Ⅱ） cations. It displays a 4-fold interpenetrated 3D framework. In addition, the luminescence, fluorescence lifetime and the second harmonic generation（SHG） efficiency properties in the solid state have been studied.

Construction and the Second-order Nonlinear Optics of a New Chiral Coordination Network Based on Two Types of Homo-chiral Helices

A new 2D chiral cadmium coordination network [Cd（TCBA）2]？2EtOH （1） was prepared by the reaction of achiral angular asymmetric bridging ligand 2-（（3,5-dimethyl- 4H-1,2,4-triazol-4-yl）-carbamoyl）-benzoic acid （TCBA） with cadmium acetate, which was structurally characterized by IR, elemental analysis, thermogravimetric analysis and single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Complex 1 crystallizes in the chiral space group P21 and features a 2D chiral network consisting of two types of homo-chiral helices, which are further extended into a 3D chiral framework along the a-axis via hydrogen bonds. Moreover, powder second-order nonlinear optical （NLO） measurements reveal complex 1 has a modest second-harmonic-generation （SHG） efficiency at room temperature.

Nitrogen⁃doped 3D graphene⁃carbon nanotube network for efficient lithium storage

A 3D nitrogen⁃doped graphene/multi⁃walled carbon nanotube(CS⁃GO⁃NCNT)crosslinked network mate⁃rial was successfully synthesized utilizing chitosan and melamine as carbon and nitrogen sources,concomitant with the incorporation of multi⁃wall carbon nanotubes and employing freeze drying technology.The material amalgamates the merits of 1D/2D hybrid carbon materials,wherein 1D carbon nanotubes confer robustness and expedited elec⁃tron transport pathways,while 2D graphene sheets facilitate rapid ion migration.Furthermore,the introduction of nitrogen heteroatoms serves to furnish additional active sites for lithium storage.When served as an anode material for lithium⁃ion batteries,the CS⁃GO⁃NCNT electrode delivered a reversible capacity surpassing 500 mAh·g^(-1),mark⁃edly outperforming commercial graphite anodes.Even after 300 cycles at a high current density of 1 A·g^(-1),it remained a reversible capacity of up to 268 mAh·g^(-1).

A Self-Healing Optoacoustic Patch with High Damage Threshold and Conversion Efficiency for Biomedical Applications

Compared with traditional piezoelectric ultrasonic devices,optoacoustic devices have unique advantages such as a simple preparation process,anti-electromagnetic interference,and wireless long-distance power supply.However,current optoacoustic devices remain limited due to a low damage threshold and energy conversion efficiency,which seriously hinder their widespread applications.In this study,using a self-healing polydimethylsiloxane(PDMS,Fe-Hpdca-PDMS)and carbon nanotube composite,a flexible optoacoustic patch is developed,which possesses the self-healing capability at room temperature,and can even recover from damage induced by cutting or laser irradiation.Moreover,this patch can generate high-intensity ultrasound(>25 MPa)without the focusing structure.The laser damage threshold is greater than 183.44 mJ cm^(-2),and the optoacoustic energy conversion efficiency reaches a major achievement at 10.66×10^(-3),compared with other carbon-based nanomaterials and PDMS composites.This patch is also been successfully examined in the application of acoustic flow,thrombolysis,and wireless energy harvesting.All findings in this study provides new insight into designing and fabricating of novel ultrasound devices for biomedical applications.

Synthesis,Crystal Structure,and Spectral Properties of a Novel Co(II) Complex Containing Imidazole Derivative

A novel imidazole derivative with functional group and π-conjugated system, 1- [trans-4-（4-diethylaminostyryl）phenyl]imidazole （abbreviated as L）, and its Con complex （COCl2L4）2 （Co2C168H184N24Cl4, Mr = 2799.05 ） have been synthesized and the crystal structure of the latter was determined by X-ray diffraction. The crystal is of triclinic, space group PI with a = 8.823（3）, b = 18.799（7）, c =23.065（9） A, α = 77.349（6）, β = 83.128（7）, ）, γ= 80.942（3）°, V = 3671.5（12） A^3, Z = 1, Dc = 1.266 g/cm^3,/z = 0.361 mm^-1 F（000） = 1482, the final R = 0.0587 and wR = 0.1284 for 6562 observed reflections with I 〉 2σ（I）. In the molecular structure of （COCl2L4）2, there are two crystallographically unique units. The Co^Ⅱ atoms are six-coordinated by four N atoms from four imidazole ligands （L） and two Cl atoms to form a distorted octahedral geometry. The optical properties of complex （COCl2L4）2 have been experimentally studied.

MOF-derived Co-MOF,O-doped carbon as trifunctional electrocatalysts to enable highly efficient Zn-air batteries and water-splitting

Development of high-efficiency non-noble electrocatalysts for oxygen reduction reaction(ORR),oxygen evolution reaction(OER)and hydrogen evolution reaction(HER)is urgently needed for high-performance Zn-air batteries and overall water splitting.Here,a facile strategy to synthesize novel Co-MOF,O-doped carbon(Co-MOF-T)based on Zn,Co-doped glucosamine and ZIF-8 by pyrolysis at temperature T was demonstrated.The prepared Co-MOF-800 showed a superior oxygen reduction reaction(ORR)activity comparable to that of commercial Pt/C catalyst.In addition,this catalyst shows great potential in the overall water splitting due to the excellent oxygen evolution reaction(OER)and hydrogen evolution reaction(HER)activities.Based on the trifunctional activity,the primary Zn-air batteries using a Co-MOF-800 air electrode achieved a high open-circuit voltage of 1.38 V,a specific capacity of 671.6 mAh g^(-1) Zn,and a prominent peak power density of 144 mW cm^(-2).Also,the rechargeable Zn-air batteries based on CoMOF-800 air electrode could be smoothly run for 510 cycles with a low voltage gap of 0.58 V.Finally,the trifunctional Co-MOF-800 catalyst was applied to boost the electrochemical water splitting,demonstrating its promising potential as a green energy material for practical applications.

Synthesis, Structure and Properties of a Strontium(Ⅱ) Complex with 2, 3-Pyrazinedicarboxylic Acid

Complex [Sr2（pdc）2（H2O）7]·H2O （1, H2pdc = 2,3-pyrazinedicarboxylic acid） has been synthesized and characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction studies and FT-IR. Structural determination reveals that there are two crystallographically independent strontium ions in 1. The coordination geometry of Sr（1） is a nine-coordinated distorted monocapped tetragonal antiprism, while Sr（2） is a nine-coordinated distorted monocapped tetragonal prism. The ligand pdc2- takes two different connecting modes and links St（If） centers to generate a 2D layer structure. The 2D layers are linked through O-H...O and O-H...N hydrogen bonds to form a 3D framework structure. Thermal stability and luminescent properties of complex 1 are investigated. 1 belongs to the monoclinic system, space group P21/n with a = 10.7182（10）, b = 7.0377（6）, c = 29.225（3） A, β = 95.7170（10）°, Z = 4, V = 2193.5（3） A3, Mr = 651.56, Dc = 1.973 g/cm3, F（000） = 1296,μ = 4.951 mm-1, the final R = 0.0318 and wR = 0.0726 for 3938 observed reflections with I 〉 2σ（/）.

Synthesis and Crystal Structure of a Zeolite-like Metal-organic Framework Based on the Triazole Ligand

A novel zeolite-like metal-organic framework, [Cd12（trz）12＇F10＇（SiF6）3]·（H3O）4 （Htrz = 1,2,4-triazole）, has been synthesized under solvothermal conditions using 1H-l,2,4-triazole-3- carboxylic acid and CdF2 as the starting materials. The complex has been characterized by elemental analysis, IR, SEM-EDS, gas adsorption, powder and single-crystal X-ray diffraction analyses. The title complex crystallizes in the cubic 1-43m space group, with a = 14.6436（8）, V= 3140.1（3）A3, Z = 2, Mr = 2857.96, D,.= 3.023 g/cm3 and F（000） = 2668. The final R = 0.0653 and wR = 0.1880 for 586 observed reflections with 1 〉 2σ（I）. In the title complex, three adjacent Cd（ll） centers are connected by three p3-bridging triazole ligands to form triagonal secondary building units （SBUs）, which are further interconnected to form a three-dimensional skeleton with tetrahedral cages.

Syntheses and Crystal Structures of Four Cobalt Supramolecular Architectures with Hmtyaa Ligand

Four cobalt supramolecular architectures with Hmtyaa（2-（5-methyl-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-ylthio）acetic acid） ligand have been synthesized.[Co（mtyaa）2（H2O）4]·4（H2O）（1）：triclinic,space group P1 with a = 6.7537（18）,b = 8.591（2）,c = 10.615（3） ,α = 96.495（4）,β = 99.955（5）,γ = 103.615（5）°,V = 581.9（3） 3,Z = 1,Mr = 581.52,Dc = 1.659 g/m3,μ = 1.158 mm-1,F（000） = 301,Rint = 0.0557,R = 0.0377 and wR = 0.1056 for 1854 observed reflections with Ⅰ 〉 2σ（Ⅰ）;{[Co（4,4＇-bipy）（H2O）4]·2（mtyaa）·2（H2O）}n（2）：triclinic,space group P1 with a = 7.669（2）,b = 8.840（3）,c = 11.521（4） ,α = 79.912（5）,β = 73.954（5）,γ = 86.612（6）°,V = 738.9（4） 3,Z = 1,Mr = 701.67,Dc = 1.577 g/m3,μ = 0.924 mm-1,F（000） = 363,Rint = 0.0636,R = 0.0498 and wR = 0.1311 for 2155 observed reflections with Ⅰ 〉 2σ（Ⅰ）;{[Co（4,4＇-bipy）（mtyaa）（H2O）3]（mtyaa）·2（H2O）}（3）：monoclinic,space group Pc with a = 7.7832（17）,b = 11.527（3）,c = 31.483（7） ,β = 91.952（4）°,V = 2822.9（11） 3,Z = 4,Mr = 683.65,Dc = 1.609 g/m3,μ = 0.963 mm-1,F（000） = 1412,Rint = 0.0758,R = 0.0609 and wR = 0.1095 for 5841 observed reflections with I 〉 2σ（I）;{[Co（bpe）（mtyaa）2（H2O）2]}n（4）：monoclinic,space group C2/c with a = 19.290（11）,b = 12.027（7）,c = 14.865（8） ,β = 125.648（8）°,V = 2802（3）3,Z = 4,Mr = 657.66,Dc = 1.559 g/m3,μ = 0.959 mm-1,F（000） = 1356,Rint = 0.0456,R = 0.0332 and wR = 0.0985 for 2299 observed reflections with Ⅰ 〉 2σ（Ⅰ）.

Crystal Structure and Antitumor Activity of Tri[2- [N-(4'-methyl-benzylsulfonyl)amino]ethyl]-amine

The crystal structure of the title compound (C27H38N4O7S3, Mr = 626.79) has been determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The crystal is of triclinic, space group Pīwith a = 9.411(1), b = 11.645(2), c = 14.672(2) , a = 91.80(1), b = 95.36(1), g =104.56(1)o, V = 1547.0 3, Z = 2, Dc = 1.346 g/cm3, l = 0.71073 , m(MoKa) = 0.289 mm-1 and F(000) = 664. The structure was refined to R = 0.0406 and wR = 0.1177 for 4103 observed reflections with I > 2s(I). X-ray diffraction analysis reveals that the title compound is a practically distorted tetrahedron and each molecule contains one lattice H2O by hydrogen bond. The antitumor activity of the title compound against HL-60 human leukemia cells has also been studied by MTT method.

A Lanthanide-transition Metal Coordination Polymer:{[CuEu(Hbidc)_2(H_2O)_4]·H_2O}_n(H_3bidc=1H-benzimidazole-5,6-dicarboxylic Acid)

The title complex 1,{[CuEu（Hbidc）2（H2O）4]·H2O}n（H3bidc = 1H-benzimidazole-5,6-dicarboxylic acid）,has been solvothermally synthesized and structurally characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction.Complex 1 crystallizes in triclinic,space group P1,with a = 7.791（2）,b = 12.058（3）,c = 12.109（3）,α = 82.189（5）,β = 72.407（5）,γ = 89.184（4）°,V = 1073.7（5）3,C18H18CuEuN4O13,Mr = 713.86,Dc = 2.208 g/cm3,μ（MoKα） = 3.967 mm-1,F（000） = 700,GOOF = 0.950,Z = 2,the final R = 0.0531 and wR = 0.1068 for I 2σ（I）.Complex 1 possess a tape-like chain structure consisting of Eu2C8O4 and Cu2Eu2C18N4O4 metallic rings alternatively arranged and is the first 3d-4f heterometallic complex based on the 1H-ben-zimidazole-5,6-dicarboxylato ligand（Hbidc）.Plenty of hydrogen-bonding and π...π stacking interactions connect the 1D chains to construct a 3D supramolecular architecture.

Synthesis and Crystal Structure of {[Mn(H_2O)_4(3,3'-?azpy)](3, 3'-azpy)_3(PF_6)_2}_n

The complex {[Mn(H2O)4(3, 3?azpy)](3, 3?azpy)3(PF6)2}n (3, 3?azpy = 3, 3? azobispyridine) has been synthesized and characterized. The crystal (C40H40F12MnN16O4P2, Mr = 1153.76) belongs to the triclinic system, space group P with the following crystallographic parameters: a = 10.761(2), b = 11.040(2), c = 23.365(4) ? a = 85.52(1), b = 82.69(1), g = 70.44(1)? V = 2592.5(8) 3, Dc = 1.478 g/cm3, m(MoKa) = 4.16 cm-1, F(000) = 1174, Z = 2, final R = 0.0493 and wR = 0.1158 for the observed reflections (I > 2.00s(I)). The X-ray analysis revealed that manganese(Ⅱ) cation coordination environment is a distorted octahedral geometry, and the Mn2+ cation is coordinated by four oxygen atoms of water in the equatorial plane, while the two nitrogen atoms of 3, 3?azpy occupy the axial positions. The complex forms a one-dimensional chain structure via 3, 3?azpy bridging ligand.

Synthesis and Crystal Structure of Copper (Ⅱ) Compound with 3,3'-Azobispyridine Ligand [Cu(NO_3)_2(H_2O)_2(3,3'azpy)_2]

The title complex [Cu(NO3)2(H2O)2(3,3-azpy)2] (3,3?azpy = 3,3?azobispyridine) has been synthesized and characterized, and its crystal belongs to the triclinic system, space group P with the following crystallographic parameters: a = 7.4161(2), b = 8.1754(3), c = 10.7545(4) ? a = 92.958(2), b = 109.978(1), g = 93.369(2)? V = 609.96(4) ?, C20H20N10CuO8, Mr = 592.00, Dc = 1.612 g/cm3, m(MoKa) = 0.964 mm-1, F(000) = 303, Z = 1, the final R = 0.0494 and wR = 0.1269 for 1945 observed reflections (I > 2s(I)). X-ray analysis reveals that the Cu atom adopts a distorted octahedral (4 + 2) coordination. The four closer donor atoms include two N atoms of 3,3?azpy and two O atoms of the coordination aqua with the CuN and CuO distances of 2.014(3) and 1.974(3) ? respectively. Two longer out-of-plane CuO bonds (2.450(3) ? from nitrate complete the strongly distorted octahedral coordination of the Cu atom. Hydrogen bonds are formed through H atoms of each coordination aqua with the remaining N atoms of 3,3?azpy and O atoms of nitrate. A two-dimensional network is constructed by hydrogen bonds and p-p interactions.