The unique photocatalytic mechanism of S-scheme heterojunction can be used to study new and efficient photocatalysts.By carefully selecting semiconductors for S-scheme heterojunction photocatalysts,it is possible to r...The unique photocatalytic mechanism of S-scheme heterojunction can be used to study new and efficient photocatalysts.By carefully selecting semiconductors for S-scheme heterojunction photocatalysts,it is possible to reduce the rate of photogenerated carrier recombination and increase the conversion efficiency of light into energy.Chalcogenides are a group of compounds that include sulfides and selenides(e.g.,CdS,ZnS,Bi_(2)S_(3),MoS_(2),ZnSe,CdSe,and CuSe).Chalcogenides have attracted considerable attention as heterojunction photocatalysts owing to their narrow bandgap,wide light absorption range,and excellent photoreduction properties.This paper presents a thorough analysis of S-scheme heterojunction photocatalysts based on chalcogenides.Following an introduction to the fundamental characteristics and benefits of S-scheme heterojunction photocatalysts,various chalcogenide-based S-scheme heterojunction photocatalyst synthesis techniques are summarized.These photocatalysts are used in numerous significant photocatalytic reactions,in-cluding the reduction of carbon dioxide,synthesis of hydrogen peroxide,conversion of organic matter,generation of hydrogen from water,nitrogen fixation,degradation of organic pollutants,and sterilization.In addition,cutting-edge characterization techniques,including in situ characterization techniques,are discussed to validate the steady and transient states of photocatalysts with an S-scheme heterojunction.Finally,the design and challenges of chalcogenide-based S-scheme heterojunction photocatalysts are explored and recommended in light of state-of-the-art research.展开更多
Semiconductor photocatalysis makes full use of solar energy,serving as a potent tactic to solve the worldwide energy deficit and safeguard the environment.Bismuth-based photocatalysts stand out among various photocata...Semiconductor photocatalysis makes full use of solar energy,serving as a potent tactic to solve the worldwide energy deficit and safeguard the environment.Bismuth-based photocatalysts stand out among various photocatalysts as a significant area,due to their unique crystal structure,favorable mixed electron band structure,diverse composition,and huge potential for solar catalytic conversion.This document reviews the rational design of Bi-based photocatalysts for solar energy.Recent advancements in diverse Bi-based photocatalysts such as Layered Bi,Bismuth element,BiVO_(4),Bi2S2,and Bi2O3 are highlighted.Secondly,the synthesis strategies of Bi-based catalysts,including hydrothermal/solvothermal,chemical precipitation,and solid-state reaction,are summarized.Third,various structural regulation methods to improve the photocatalytic performance,including defect regulation,heteroatom doping,morphology,SPR effect utilization,and heterojunction construction,are systematically introduced.Additionally,a focus is given to the exclusive applications of Bi-based photocatalysts,including CO_(2) reduction,water decomposition,N2 fixation,NOx removal,H_(2)O2 production,and selective organic synthesis,followed by an introduction of advanced in situ characterization techniques of the Bi-based photocatalysts.Ultimately,the forthcoming obstacles are underscored,and a future outlook for Bi-based photocatalysts is anticipated.This review aims to offer detailed instructions for comprehensively understanding and logically crafting effective bismuth-based photocatalysts,while also encouraging novel ideas and advances in energy and environmental fields,contributing to the goals of green chemistry and sustainable development.展开更多
文摘The unique photocatalytic mechanism of S-scheme heterojunction can be used to study new and efficient photocatalysts.By carefully selecting semiconductors for S-scheme heterojunction photocatalysts,it is possible to reduce the rate of photogenerated carrier recombination and increase the conversion efficiency of light into energy.Chalcogenides are a group of compounds that include sulfides and selenides(e.g.,CdS,ZnS,Bi_(2)S_(3),MoS_(2),ZnSe,CdSe,and CuSe).Chalcogenides have attracted considerable attention as heterojunction photocatalysts owing to their narrow bandgap,wide light absorption range,and excellent photoreduction properties.This paper presents a thorough analysis of S-scheme heterojunction photocatalysts based on chalcogenides.Following an introduction to the fundamental characteristics and benefits of S-scheme heterojunction photocatalysts,various chalcogenide-based S-scheme heterojunction photocatalyst synthesis techniques are summarized.These photocatalysts are used in numerous significant photocatalytic reactions,in-cluding the reduction of carbon dioxide,synthesis of hydrogen peroxide,conversion of organic matter,generation of hydrogen from water,nitrogen fixation,degradation of organic pollutants,and sterilization.In addition,cutting-edge characterization techniques,including in situ characterization techniques,are discussed to validate the steady and transient states of photocatalysts with an S-scheme heterojunction.Finally,the design and challenges of chalcogenide-based S-scheme heterojunction photocatalysts are explored and recommended in light of state-of-the-art research.
文摘Semiconductor photocatalysis makes full use of solar energy,serving as a potent tactic to solve the worldwide energy deficit and safeguard the environment.Bismuth-based photocatalysts stand out among various photocatalysts as a significant area,due to their unique crystal structure,favorable mixed electron band structure,diverse composition,and huge potential for solar catalytic conversion.This document reviews the rational design of Bi-based photocatalysts for solar energy.Recent advancements in diverse Bi-based photocatalysts such as Layered Bi,Bismuth element,BiVO_(4),Bi2S2,and Bi2O3 are highlighted.Secondly,the synthesis strategies of Bi-based catalysts,including hydrothermal/solvothermal,chemical precipitation,and solid-state reaction,are summarized.Third,various structural regulation methods to improve the photocatalytic performance,including defect regulation,heteroatom doping,morphology,SPR effect utilization,and heterojunction construction,are systematically introduced.Additionally,a focus is given to the exclusive applications of Bi-based photocatalysts,including CO_(2) reduction,water decomposition,N2 fixation,NOx removal,H_(2)O2 production,and selective organic synthesis,followed by an introduction of advanced in situ characterization techniques of the Bi-based photocatalysts.Ultimately,the forthcoming obstacles are underscored,and a future outlook for Bi-based photocatalysts is anticipated.This review aims to offer detailed instructions for comprehensively understanding and logically crafting effective bismuth-based photocatalysts,while also encouraging novel ideas and advances in energy and environmental fields,contributing to the goals of green chemistry and sustainable development.
