2017年上海市高校图书馆发展报告

一、资源建设年度报告主要从文献资源建设经费使用情况、当年文献购置数量、资源累积总量以及特色资源四个方面进行分析总结。各类型高校文献资源购置经费从最多的近4000万元到最少的15万元,呈现一个非常明显的下降趋势;当年图书购置数量最多的超过10万册,最少的仅1500余册,差别明显;在资源累积总量方面,对各高校图书馆纸质图书和期刊的累积量进行了分析;同时,分别对985高校及综合性大学、专业本科院校、专科院校的特色资源进行了分类介绍。二、读者服务年度报告主要从读者情况、文献借阅量、电子资源使用量、开馆时间、特色服务五个方面开展调研分析。提交数据的图书馆读者总人数超过67.5万,其中学生读者占比85.48%;2017年合计借出书刊398余万册次,馆际互借6千余册次;85.11%的图书馆一周开馆7天,80.43%的图书馆一周开馆小时数不低于90小时;电子资源下载总量11848万篇次;特色服务方面,主要分析各图书馆信息服务以及开展素质教育课的情况。三、人力资源年度报告主要从馆员数量、性别、年龄、学历、职称结构、馆长基本情况和部门设置七个方面进行分析总结。提交数据的图书馆在编馆员1887人;男性职工总比例比前一年减少,女性职工占比达到64.21%;老中青三种年龄阶段的结构比例约为3:6:1,青年职工的人数偏少;普通本科院校中硕士馆员为在编职工主体,而民办本科及专科院校仍然以本科和大专学历馆员为主;中级职称馆员人数占比最多;正职馆长以拥有博士研究生学历、正高级职称、理工科背景、年龄在50-69岁之间的男性为主;新兴部门有阅读推广部、学习支持部、研究支持部、人文数据研究所等。四、硬件设施年度报告主要从馆舍情况、读者座位以及网络设备三个方面进行分析调研。提交有效数据的高校图书馆的馆舍总面积达937514.83平方米;座位数总计98,688个;合计网络交换机端口总数29419个;服务器总数为886台;存储总容量4487.31TB。总的来说,在硬件设施的各个方面,985或211院校与专科院校差距都较为明显。五、学术研究年度报告主要从论文发表、专著出版、科研项目、学术会议以及成果获奖五个方面进行调研分析。补充调查问卷回收的23家高校图书馆共发表核心期刊论文83篇,出版专著6部,省部级以上的项目立项13项,结项7项,成果获省部级以上奖项2项,主办或承办40人以上规模的会议28场。学术成果的取得和学术活动的开展,不同类型的高校图书馆间差别较大。六、阅读推广年度报告2017年上海高校各图书馆按照各自的客观情况开展了一系列阅读推广活动,年度报告主要从人员参与情况、阅读推广形式与内容、阅读推广宣传、阅读推广评价、阅读推广建议等方面进行分析。23所图书馆共有143.5人从事与阅读推广相关的工作,平均每馆6人;年共举办了131次(场)阅读推广活动,平均每馆举办5.7次(场);22家高校图书馆共有32个宣传媒体对该单位的阅读推广活动进行宣传报道;少数图书馆还有阅读推广活动评价机制。

海上退役平台旧设备、设施汞处置

根据国外某退役平台实际工艺数据资料,对弃置平台上设备中富集的汞的处理方案进行研究。结合相关规范、资料采用适用性评估方法,选取合适的汞处理方案。针对含汞设备,优先采用化学清洗法,并结合蒸汽清汞法,确保高效清汞,利于后期设备干燥封存。针对含汞废气、废液和废渣分别采取活性炭吸附、化学处理法结合后期微生物处理法和干馏或固化填埋的处理方案,确保平台清汞操作顺利进行,实现弃置设备汞含量达标、无超标三废排放的目的。

Improvement of High-Speed Detection Algorithm for Nonwoven Material Defects Based on Machine Vision

Defect detection is vital in the nonwoven material industry,ensuring surface quality before producing finished products.Recently,deep learning and computer vision advancements have revolutionized defect detection,making it a widely adopted approach in various industrial fields.This paper mainly studied the defect detection method for nonwoven materials based on the improved Nano Det-Plus model.Using the constructed samples of defects in nonwoven materials as the research objects,transfer learning experiments were conducted based on the Nano DetPlus object detection framework.Within this framework,the Backbone,path aggregation feature pyramid network(PAFPN)and Head network models were compared and trained through a process of freezing,with the ultimate aim of bolstering the model's feature extraction abilities and elevating detection accuracy.The half-precision quantization method was used to optimize the model after transfer learning experiments,reducing model weights and computational complexity to improve the detection speed.Performance comparisons were conducted between the improved model and the original Nano Det-Plus model,YOLO,SSD and other common industrial defect detection algorithms,validating that the improved methods based on transfer learning and semi-precision quantization enabled the model to meet the practical requirements of industrial production.

Effect of Elastic Strains on Adsorption Energies of C,H and O on Transition Metal Oxides

Platinum(Pt)-based noble metal catalysts(PGMs)are the most widely used commercial catalysts,but they have the problems of high cost,low reserves,and susceptibility to small-molecule toxicity.Transition metal oxides(TMOs)are regarded as potential substitutes for PGMs because of their stability in oxidizing environments and excellent catalytic performance.In this study,comprehensive investigation into the influence of elastic strains on the adsorption energies of carbon(C),hydrogen(H)and oxygen(O)on TMOs was conducted.Based on density functional theory(DFT)calculations,these effects in both tetragonal structures(PtO_(2),PdO_(2))and hexagonal structures(ZnO,CdO),along with their respective transition metals were systematically explored.It was identified that the optimal adsorption sites on metal oxides pinpointed the top of oxygen or the top of metal atom,while face-centered cubic(FCC)and hexagonal close-packed(HCP)holes were preferred for the transition metals.Furthermore,under the influence of elastic strains,the results demonstrated significant disparities in the adsorption energies of H and O between oxides and transition metals.Despite these differences,the effect of elastic strains on the adsorption energies of C,H and O on TMOs mirrored those on transition metals:adsorption energies increased under compressive strains,indicating weaker adsorption,and decreased under tension strains,indicating stronger adsorption.This behavior was rationalized based on the d-band model for adsorption atop a metallic atom or the p-band model for adsorption atop an oxygen atom.Consequently,elastic strains present a promising avenue for tailoring the catalytic properties of TMOs.

Imaging simulation and analysis of attitude jitter effect on topographic mapping for lunar orbiter stereo optical cameras

The geometric accuracy of topographic mapping with high-resolution remote sensing images is inevita-bly affected by the orbiter attitude jitter.Therefore,it is necessary to conduct preliminary research on the stereo mapping camera equipped on lunar orbiter before launching.In this work,an imaging simulation method consid-ering the attitude jitter is presented.The impact analysis of different attitude jitter on terrain undulation is conduct-ed by simulating jitter at three attitude angles,respectively.The proposed simulation method is based on the rigor-ous sensor model,using the lunar digital elevation model(DEM)and orthoimage as reference data.The orbit and attitude of the lunar stereo mapping camera are simulated while considering the attitude jitter.Two-dimensional simulated stereo images are generated according to the position and attitude of the orbiter in a given orbit.Experi-mental analyses were conducted by the DEM with the simulated stereo image.The simulation imaging results demonstrate that the proposed method can ensure imaging efficiency without losing the accuracy of topographic mapping.The effect of attitude jitter on the stereo mapping accuracy of the simulated images was analyzed through a DEM comparison.

Dynamics of Nonlinear Waves in(2+1)-Dimensional Extended Boiti-Leon-Manna-Pempinelli Equation

Based on the Hirota bilinear method,this study derived N-soliton solutions,breather solutions,lump solutions and interaction solutions for the(2+1)-dimensional extended Boiti-Leon-Manna-Pempinelli equation.The dynamical characteristics of these solutions were displayed through graphical,particularly revealing fusion and ssion phenomena in the interaction of lump and the one-stripe soliton.

Computational Simulation of Aptamer-target Binding Mechanisms

Aptamers are a type of single-chain oligonucleotide that can combine with a specific target.Due to their simple preparation,easy modification,stable structure and reusability,aptamers have been widely applied as biochemical sensors for medicine,food safety and environmental monitoring.However,there is little research on aptamer-target binding mechanisms,which limits their application and development.Computational simulation has gained much attention for revealing aptamer-target binding mechanisms at the atomic level.This work summarizes the main simulation methods used in the mechanistic analysis of aptamer-target complexes,the characteristics of binding between aptamers and different targets(metal ions,small organic molecules,biomacromolecules,cells,bacteria and viruses),the types of aptamer-target interactions and the factors influencing their strength.It provides a reference for further use of simulations in understanding aptamer-target binding mechanisms.

Research on the correlation between the dual diffusion behavior of zinc in InGaAs/InP single-photon avalanche photodiodes and device performance

The development of InGaAs/InP single-photon avalanche photodiodes(SPADs)necessitates the utiliza-tion of a two-element diffusion technique to achieve accurate manipulation of the multiplication width and the dis-tribution of its electric field.Regarding the issue of accurately predicting the depth of diffusion in InGaAs/InP SPAD,simulation analysis and device development were carried out,focusing on the dual diffusion behavior of zinc atoms.A formula of X_(j)=k√t-t_(0)+c to quantitatively predict the diffusion depth is obtained by fitting the simulated twice-diffusion depths based on a two-dimensional(2D)model.The 2D impurity morphologies and the one-dimensional impurity profiles for the dual-diffused region are characterized by using scanning electron micros-copy and secondary ion mass spectrometry as a function of the diffusion depth,respectively.InGaAs/InP SPAD devices with different dual-diffusion conditions are also fabricated,which show breakdown behaviors well consis-tent with the simulated results under the same junction geometries.The dark count rate(DCR)of the device de-creased as the multiplication width increased,as indicated by the results.DCRs of 2×10^(6),1×10^(5),4×10^(4),and 2×10^(4) were achieved at temperatures of 300 K,273 K,263 K,and 253 K,respectively,with a bias voltage of 3 V,when the multiplication width was 1.5µm.These results demonstrate an effective prediction route for accu-rately controlling the dual-diffused zinc junction geometry in InP-based planar device processing.

A novel self-alignment method for high precision silicon diffraction microlens arrays preparation and its integration with infrared focal plane arrays

Silicon(Si)diffraction microlens arrays are usually used to integrating with infrared focal plane arrays(IRFPAs)to improve their performance.The errors of lithography are unavoidable in the process of the Si diffrac-tion microlens arrays preparation in the conventional engraving method.It has a serious impact on its performance and subsequent applications.In response to the problem of errors of Si diffraction microlens arrays in the conven-tional method,a novel self-alignment method for high precision Si diffraction microlens arrays preparation is pro-posed.The accuracy of the Si diffractive microlens arrays preparation is determined by the accuracy of the first li-thography mask in the novel self-alignment method.In the subsequent etching,the etched area will be protected by the mask layer and the sacrifice layer or the protective layer.The unprotection area is carved to effectively block the non-etching areas,accurately etch the etching area required,and solve the problem of errors.The high precision Si diffraction microlens arrays are obtained by the novel self-alignment method and the diffraction effi-ciency could reach 92.6%.After integrating with IRFPAs,the average blackbody responsity increased by 8.3%,and the average blackbody detectivity increased by 10.3%.It indicates that the Si diffraction microlens arrays can improve the filling factor and reduce crosstalk of IRFPAs through convergence,thereby improving the perfor-mance of the IRFPAs.The results are of great reference significance for improving their performance through opti-mizing the preparation level of micro nano devices.

Tongue image feature correlation analysis in benign lung nodules and lung cancer

Objective To analyze the differences in the correlation of tongue image indicators among patients with benign lung nodules and lung cancer.Methods From July 1;2020 to March 31;2022;clinical information of lung cancer patients and benign lung nodules patients was collected at the Oncology Department of Longhua Hos-pital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine and the Physical Ex-amination Center of Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chi-nese Medicine;respectively.We obtained tongue images from patients with benign lung nod-ules and lung cancer using the TFDA-1 digital tongue diagnosis instrument;and analyzed these images with the TDAS V2.0 software.The extracted indicators included color space pa-rameters in the Lab system for both the tongue body(TB)and tongue coating(TC)(TB/TC-L;TB/TC-a;and TB/TC-b);textural parameters[TB/TC-contrast(CON);TB/TC-angular second moment(ASM);TB/TC-entropy(ENT);and TB/TC-MEAN];as well as TC parameters(perAll and perPart).The bivariate correlation of TB and TC features was analyzed using Pearson’s or Spearman’s correlation analysis;and the overall correlation was analyzed using canonical correlation analysis(CCA).Results Samples from 307 patients with benign lung nodules and 276 lung cancer patients were included after excluding outliers and extreme values.Simple correlation analysis indi-cated that the correlation of TB-L with TC-L;TB-b with TC-b;and TB-b with perAll in lung cancer group was higher than that in benign nodules group.Moreover;the correlation of TB-a with TC-a;TB-a with perAll;and the texture parameters of the TB(TB-CON;TB-ASM;TB-ENT;and TB-MEAN)with the texture parameters of the TC(TC-CON;TC-ASM;TC-ENT;and TC-MEAN)in benign nodules group was higher than lung cancer group.CCA further demon-strated a strong correlation between the TB and TC parameters in lung cancer group;with the first and second pairs of typical variables in benign nodules and lung cancer groups indicat-ing correlation coefficients of 0.918 and 0.817(P<0.05);and 0.940 and 0.822(P<0.05);re-spectively.Conclusion Benign lung nodules and lung cancer patients exhibited differences in correla-tion in the L;a;and b values of the TB and TC;as well as the perAll value of the TC;and the texture parameters(TB/TC-CON;TB/TC-ASM;TB/TC-ENT;and TB/TC-MEAN)between the TB and TC.Additionally;there were differences in the overall correlation of the TB and TC be-tween the two groups.Objective tongue diagnosis indicators can effectively assist in the diag-nosis of benign lung nodules and lung cancer;thereby providing a scientific basis for the ear-ly detection;diagnosis;and treatment of lung cancer.

A Novel High Temperature Apparatus for in situ Synchrotron X-ray Diffraction Studies of Molten Salt

This study demonstrates the design and application of a novel high temperature rotatory apparatus for insitu synchrotron X-ray diffraction studies of molten salts,facilitating investigation into the interaction between various structural materials and molten salts.The apparatus enables accurate detection of every phase change during hightemperature experiments,including strong reaction processes like corrosion.Molten salts,such as chlorides or fluo⁃rides,together with the structure materials,are inserted into either quartz or boron nitride capillaries,where X-ray diffraction pattern can be continuously collected,as the samples are heated to high temperature.The replacement re⁃action,when molten ZnCl2 are etching Ti3AlC2,can be clearly observed through changes in diffraction peak intensity as well as expansion in c-axis lattice parameter of the hexagonal matrix,due to the larger atomic number and ionic ra⁃dius of Zn2+.Furthermore,we investigated the high-temperature corrosion process when GH3535 alloy is in FLiNaK molten salt,and can help to optimize its stability for potential applications in molten salt reactor.Additionally,this high temperature apparatus is fully compatible with the combined usage of X-ray diffraction and Raman technique,providing both bulk and surface structural information.This high temperature apparatus has been open to users and is extensively used at BL14B1 beamline of the Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility.

A density functional theory study of polarons on different TiO_(2)surfaces

Polarons are widely considered to play a crucial role in the charge transport and photocatalytic performance of materials,but the mechanisms of their formation and the underlying driving factors remain a matter of controversy.This study delves into the formation of polarons in different crystalline forms of TiO_(2)and their connection with the materials'structure.By employing density functional theory calculations with on-site Coulomb interaction correction(DFT+U),we provide a detailed analysis of the electronic polarization behavior in the anatase and rutile forms of TiO_(2).We focus on the polarization properties of defect-induced and photoexcited excess electrons on various TiO_(2)surfaces.The results reveal that the defect electrons can form small polarons on the anatase TiO_(2)(101)surface,while on the rutile TiO_(2)(110)surface,both small and large polarons(hybrid-state polarons)are formed.Photoexcited electrons are capable of forming both small and large polarons on the surfaces of both crystal types.The analysis indicates that the differences in polaron distribution are primarily determined by the intrinsic properties of the crystals;the structural and symmetry differences between anatase and rutile TiO_(2)lead to the distinct polaron behaviors.Further investigation suggests that the polarization behavior of defect electrons is also related to the arrangement of electron orbitals around the Ti atoms,while the polarization of photoexcited electrons is mainly facilitated by the lattice distortions.These findings elucidate the formation mechanisms of different types of polarons and may contribute to understanding the performance of TiO_(2)in different fields.

Long wavelength infrared metalens fabricated by photolithography

Metasurfaces in the long wave infrared(LWIR)spectrum hold great potential for applications in ther-mal imaging,atmospheric remote sensing,and target identification,among others.In this study,we designed and experimentally demonstrated a 4 mm size,all-silicon metasurface metalens with large depth of focus opera-tional across a broadband range from 9µm to 11.5µm.The experimental results confirm effective focusing and imaging capabilities of the metalens in LWIR region,thus paving the way for practical LWIR applications of met-alens technology.

Predicting the Degradability of Bioceramics through a DFT-based Descriptor

Bioceramics have attracted extensive attention for bone defect repair due to their excellent bioactivity and degradability.However,challenges remain in matching the rate between bioceramic degradation and new bone formation,necessitating a deeper understanding of their degradation properties.In this study,density functional theory(DFT)calculations was employed to explore the structural and electronic characteristics of silicate bioceramics.These findings reveal a linear correlation between the maximum isosurface value of the valence band maximum(VBM_(Fmax))and the degradability of silicate bioceramics.This correlation was subsequently validated through degradation experiments.Furthermore,the investigation on phosphate bioceramics demonstrates the potential of this descriptor in predicting the degradability of a broader range of bioceramics.This discovery offers valuable insights into the degradation mechanism of bioceramics and holds promise for accelerating the design and development of bioceramics with controllable degradation.

The influence of different types of satisfaction on loyalty on C2C online shopping platform:From the perspective of sellers and the platform

With the rise and development of major types of platforms,the competition for resources has become extremely fierce,and the market share of C2C platforms has been seriously threatened by the loss of resources.Therefore,building and maintaining buyers’satisfaction and loyalty to C2C platforms is critical to the survival and sustainability of C2C platforms in China.However,the current knowledge on how platform satisfaction and loyalty are constructed in the C2C e-commerce environment is incomplete.In this study,seller-based satisfaction and platform-based satisfaction are constructed separately.We further distinguish seller-based transaction satisfaction into economic and social satisfaction and explore their antecedents and consequences.To test our research hypotheses,we conduct a survey and collect data from a real online market(Taobao website).The results show that seller-based transaction satisfaction positively affects platform-based overall satisfaction and loyalty,and that perceived product quality,perceived assurance,and perceived price fairness all have a significant effect on economic satisfaction,whereas perceived relationship quality and perceived empathy significantly influence social satisfaction.These findings help us understand the literature related to customer satisfaction in the context of C2C in China and provide inspiration for online sellers and platforms.

Performance of Lateral 4H-SiC Photoconductive Semiconductor Switches by Extrinsic Backside Trigger

Photoconductive semiconductor switch(PCSS)can be applied in pulsed high power systems and microwave techniques.However,reducing the damage and increasing the lifetime of silicon carbide(SiC)PCSS are still faced severe challenges.In this study,PCSSs with various structures were prepared on 4-inch diameter,500μm thick high-purity semi-insulating 4H-SiC substrates and their on-state resistance and damage mechanisms were investigated.It was found that the PCSS of an Au/TiW/Ni electrode system annealed at 950℃had a minimum on-state resistance of 6.0Ωat 1 kV bias voltage with a 532 nm and 170 mJ pulsed laser by backside illumination single trigger.The backside illumination single trigger could reduce on-state resistance and alleviate the damage of PCSS compared to the frontside trigger when the diameter of the laser spot was larger than the channel length of PCSS.For the 200 s trigger test by a 10 Hz laser,the black branch-like ablation on Au/TiW/Ni PCSS was mainly caused by thermal stress owing to hot carriers.Replacing metal Ni with boron gallium co-doped zinc oxide(BGZO)thin films annealed at 400℃,black branch-like ablation was alleviated while concentric arc damage was obvious at the anode.The major causes of concentric arc are both pulsed laser diffraction and thermal effect.

Aging Characteristics of Lithium-Ion Battery Under Fast Charging Based on Electrochemical-thermalmechanical Coupling Model

The aging characteristics of lithium-ion battery(LIB)under fast charging is investigated based on an electrochemical-thermal-mechanical(ETM)coupling model.Firstly,the ETM coupling model is established by COMSOL Multiphysics.Subsequently,a long cycle test was conducted to explore the aging characteristics of LIB.Specifically,the effects of charging(C)rate and cycle number on battery aging are analyzed in terms of nonuniform distribution of solid electrolyte interface(SEI),SEI formation,thermal stability and stress characteristics.The results indicate that the increases in C rate and cycling led to an increase in the degree of nonuniform distribution of SEI,and thus a consequent increase in the capacity loss due to the SEI formation.Meanwhile,the increases in C rate and cycle number also led to an increase in the heat generation and a decrease in the heat dissipation rate of the battery,respectively,which result in a decrease in the thermal stability of the electrode materials.In addition,the von Mises stress of the positive electrode material is higher than that of the negative electrode material as the cycling proceeds,with the positive electrode material exhibiting tensile deformation and the negative electrode material exhibiting compressive deformation.The available lithium ion concentration of the positive electrode is lower than that of the negative electrode,proving that the tensile-type fracture occurring in the positive material under long cycling dominated the capacity loss process.The aforementioned studies are helpful for researchers to further explore the aging behavior of LIB under fast charging and take corresponding preventive measures.

Effect of addition temperature on dispersion behavior and grain refinement efficiency of MgO introduced into Mg alloy

The effect of addition temperature of MgO particles(MgOp)on their dispersion behavior and the efficiency of grain refinement in AZ31 Mg alloy was investigated.In addition,the grain refinement mechanism was systematically studied by microstructure characterization,thermodynamic calculation,and analysis of solidification curves.The results show that the grain size of AZ31 Mg alloy initially decreases and then increases as the MgOp addition temperature is increased from 720 to 810℃,exhibiting a minimum value of 136μm at 780℃.The improved grain refinement efficiency with increasing MgOp addition temperature can be attributed to the reduced Mg melt viscosity and enhanced wettability between MgOp and Mg melt.Furthermore,a corresponding physical model describing the solidification behavior and grain refinement mechanism was proposed.

Research on fast detection method of infrared small targets under resourceconstrained conditions

Infrared small target detection is a common task in infrared image processing.Under limited computa⁃tional resources.Traditional methods for infrared small target detection face a trade-off between the detection rate and the accuracy.A fast infrared small target detection method tailored for resource-constrained conditions is pro⁃posed for the YOLOv5s model.This method introduces an additional small target detection head and replaces the original Intersection over Union(IoU)metric with Normalized Wasserstein Distance(NWD),while considering both the detection accuracy and the detection speed of infrared small targets.Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm achieves a maximum effective detection speed of 95 FPS on a 15 W TPU,while reach⁃ing a maximum effective detection accuracy of 91.9 AP@0.5,effectively improving the efficiency of infrared small target detection under resource-constrained conditions.

Research progresses of artificial intelligence in MRI of lumbar degenerative diseases

The incidence of lumbar degenerative diseases is increasing year by year,and MRI is often used in clinical diagnosis.In recent years,artificial intelligence(AI)has rapidly developed in medical field and can be used for image segmentation and auxiliary diagnosis of lumbar degenerative diseases.The research progresses of AI in MRI of lumbar degenerative diseases were reviewed in this article.