Based on a strategy of ground-state destabilisation of the N—C bond,a general protocol for the esterification of amides with carbohydrates was reported.This protocol offers mild reaction conditions,excellent yields,a...Based on a strategy of ground-state destabilisation of the N—C bond,a general protocol for the esterification of amides with carbohydrates was reported.This protocol offers mild reaction conditions,excellent yields,and broad substrate compatibility,thereby demonstrating great potential for the synthesis of glycoconjugates.Additionally,this method provides an alternative approach for addressing the challenging task of esterifying sterically hindered secondary hydroxyl group of carbohydrates and paving the way for advancements in carbohydrate-based pharmaceuticals.展开更多
Chuanxiong Rhizoma is a widely used Chinese herbal medicine in the past 2000 years.Chuanxiong Rhizoma is composed of volatile oils,phthalide lactones,phenolic acids,polysaccharides and other compounds.To date,more tha...Chuanxiong Rhizoma is a widely used Chinese herbal medicine in the past 2000 years.Chuanxiong Rhizoma is composed of volatile oils,phthalide lactones,phenolic acids,polysaccharides and other compounds.To date,more than 149 compounds in Chuanxiong Rhizoma have been isolated and identified,and some of them have been reported to possess promising biological properties on cardiovascular and central nervous system disorders besides their anti-cancer and antioxidant effects.Modulation of inflammatory mediators and apoptotic factors are believed to contribute to its bioactivities.Analytical methods,such as HPLC,GC and UPLC,are employed for qualitative evaluation of Chuanxiong Rhizoma.In this work,harvest period,growing habitat,processing method and storage,which can affect the quality of Chuanxiong Rhizoma,were also discussed.Comprehensive quality control methods should be developed to ensure the safety,quality and efficacy use of Chuanxiong Rhizoma.Herein,we collected and analyzed the literature of Chuanxiong Rhizoma published on CNKI,ScienceDirect,Springer link,Wiley and PubMed in past two decades,and up-to-date information of Chuanxiong Rhizoma was provided in this paper.We suggested ligustilide,butylidenephthalide and total senkyunolides as the chemical markers to evaluate the quality of Chuanxiong Rhizoma.Additionally,the influences of soil conditions and processing methods on Chuanxiong Rhizoma as future research perspectives should also be further assessed.展开更多
In the present study, free fatty acids(FFAs, including palmitic acid, stearic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid and arachidonic acid) in rabbit plasma were determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS) after...In the present study, free fatty acids(FFAs, including palmitic acid, stearic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid and arachidonic acid) in rabbit plasma were determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS) after trimethylsilylation derivatization using N,O-bis(trimethylsilyl)trifluoroacetamide(BSTFA) – trimethylchlorosilane(TMCS) as derivatization reagent. The experimental conditions, including extraction and silylation reaction, were investigated. The method was experimentally validated. The linearity between fatty acids’ peak areas and their concentrations was obtained with the corelative coefficient(r2) all more than 0.999, and the recoveries were between 82% and 111%. The intra-day variations of FFAs’ in plasma samples at different concentrations were all less than 6%. FFA analysis results of 16 rabbit plasma samples showed that the method could be well applied in the determination of plasma samples in vivo. In contrast to the traditional method of FFA derivatization, the established trimethylsilylation method presented simplicity, high specificity, and completely free from the interference of the esterified fatty acid, such as triacylglyceride. The method could be applied for analyzing FFA profiles in the clinical laboratory or pharmacological research.展开更多
文摘Based on a strategy of ground-state destabilisation of the N—C bond,a general protocol for the esterification of amides with carbohydrates was reported.This protocol offers mild reaction conditions,excellent yields,and broad substrate compatibility,thereby demonstrating great potential for the synthesis of glycoconjugates.Additionally,this method provides an alternative approach for addressing the challenging task of esterifying sterically hindered secondary hydroxyl group of carbohydrates and paving the way for advancements in carbohydrate-based pharmaceuticals.
基金The 12thinnovation activity plan-of undergraduates in the Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine(Grant No.2019SHUTCM060)the Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai(Grant No.19ZR1457700)+1 种基金2020 New Agricultural Science Research and Reform Practice Project of the Ministry of Education2020 Key Undergraduate Education Reform Project of Shanghai Colleges。
文摘Chuanxiong Rhizoma is a widely used Chinese herbal medicine in the past 2000 years.Chuanxiong Rhizoma is composed of volatile oils,phthalide lactones,phenolic acids,polysaccharides and other compounds.To date,more than 149 compounds in Chuanxiong Rhizoma have been isolated and identified,and some of them have been reported to possess promising biological properties on cardiovascular and central nervous system disorders besides their anti-cancer and antioxidant effects.Modulation of inflammatory mediators and apoptotic factors are believed to contribute to its bioactivities.Analytical methods,such as HPLC,GC and UPLC,are employed for qualitative evaluation of Chuanxiong Rhizoma.In this work,harvest period,growing habitat,processing method and storage,which can affect the quality of Chuanxiong Rhizoma,were also discussed.Comprehensive quality control methods should be developed to ensure the safety,quality and efficacy use of Chuanxiong Rhizoma.Herein,we collected and analyzed the literature of Chuanxiong Rhizoma published on CNKI,ScienceDirect,Springer link,Wiley and PubMed in past two decades,and up-to-date information of Chuanxiong Rhizoma was provided in this paper.We suggested ligustilide,butylidenephthalide and total senkyunolides as the chemical markers to evaluate the quality of Chuanxiong Rhizoma.Additionally,the influences of soil conditions and processing methods on Chuanxiong Rhizoma as future research perspectives should also be further assessed.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 31671928)Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai (Grant No. 15ZR1440800)。
文摘In the present study, free fatty acids(FFAs, including palmitic acid, stearic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid and arachidonic acid) in rabbit plasma were determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS) after trimethylsilylation derivatization using N,O-bis(trimethylsilyl)trifluoroacetamide(BSTFA) – trimethylchlorosilane(TMCS) as derivatization reagent. The experimental conditions, including extraction and silylation reaction, were investigated. The method was experimentally validated. The linearity between fatty acids’ peak areas and their concentrations was obtained with the corelative coefficient(r2) all more than 0.999, and the recoveries were between 82% and 111%. The intra-day variations of FFAs’ in plasma samples at different concentrations were all less than 6%. FFA analysis results of 16 rabbit plasma samples showed that the method could be well applied in the determination of plasma samples in vivo. In contrast to the traditional method of FFA derivatization, the established trimethylsilylation method presented simplicity, high specificity, and completely free from the interference of the esterified fatty acid, such as triacylglyceride. The method could be applied for analyzing FFA profiles in the clinical laboratory or pharmacological research.
