知识与行动:结构化凝视

From the perspective of cognitive sociology, this paper discusses knowledge-behavior relations through researching on the construction of action meanings, action knowledge, speech and behavior. There is a socio-historical hypothesis in the construction of action meanings. The content structure of social actions is the structure for an agent’s speech and behavior, which corresponds to the following relations: presentation field social rationality and expression space & time meanings social construction. In the structure of action and action knowledge, its corresponding relations at the macroscopic level include habitus procedure morality norm and at the microscopic level, it could be formulated as: individual reality presence absence. The meaning field of agent is rooted in the relations within presencer self-comtemplation mundane; at the same time, the meaning field that sociologists are gazing at depends on the following: others disembedding reconstruction. This paper suggests that when an agent reflects his or her action, when a sociologist studies the action, and when the action actually happens, the time and space are different to the agent and the researcher (gazer). Without studying such structural relations between action and knowledge, social and sociological theories might lose their subsistent basis.

21世纪初期我国省级改区改革的理性思考

众所周知，自从秦朝建立郡县以来，行政区划一直是统治阶级有效治理国家的主要手段，在国家政治经济和社会生活中始终发挥着重要的作用。省区作为我国最高层次的地域型政区，其合理与否直接关系着中央与地方、地方与地方关系、区域政治结构、社会稳定等重大问题。近年来，诸多媒体甚至一些地方政府，对中国的省制改革出现诸多虚实不一、难以辨别的论述。笔者认为，结合我国国情，构建科学合理、管理有效的省级行政区划，是新时期我国全面建设文明政治和小康社会的重要内容之一。但对省区的改革，需要进行理性的思考。