医院内感染非发酵革兰阴性杆菌的病原学与耐药性监测研究

Objective To investigate the isolation and antimicrobial resistance of nonfermenters gram negative bacilli(NFGNB) causing nosocomial infection Methods Data about NFGNB reported to the national nosocomial infection surveillance system in recent three years were analyzed Results NFGNB accounting for 19 68% of the pathogens reported at the same period, and accounting for 42 41% of gram negative bacilli The constitutional rate of P aeruginosa, A baumannii and S maltophilia was 46 53%, 19 88% and 7 35% respectively During the period of three years, the constitutional rate of A baumanniirose from 13 27% to 23 50%, the constitutional rate of S maltophilia rose from 5 93% to 8 44% There were significant difference in antimicrobial resistance among different NFGNB P aeruginosa had low resistance to imipenem, ceftazidime, cefoperazone Acinetobacter had low resistance to imipenem, ciprofloxacin;S maltophilia had low resistance to SMZ, ciprofloxacin, cefoperazone Conclusion NFGNB was an important pathogen causing nosocomial infection, especially P aeruginosa, A baumannii and S maltophilia It is important to strengthen the surveillance of nosocomial infection caused by NFGNB and antimicrobial

钙离子浓度对大鼠精子自发性顶体反应的影响

目的研究钙离子浓度对大鼠精子自发性顶体反应的影响。方法不同钙离子 (Ca2 + )浓度的EKRB改良培养液含 0 .3%牛血清白蛋白于 37℃ 5 %CO2 的培养箱中培养精子 ,用金霉素染色法检测不同时间精子获能和自发性顶体反应的百分率。观察孕酮和钙离子载体A2 3187诱导精子顶体反应的情况。结果在不同Ca2 + 浓度的EKRB培养液中 ,Ca2 + 浓度为 0 .7mmol/L时 ,大鼠B型精子和自发性顶体反应的百分率均较低 ;1.0mmol/L时 ,其B型精子百分率较高 ,自发性顶体反应的百分率较低 ;1.3mmol/L时 ,其B型精子和自发性顶体反应的百分率均较高。结论EKRB改良培养液中钙离子浓度为 1.0mmol/L时 ,既能使精子较好地获能 ,又能使自发性顶体反应的百分率较低。

软器械建立手术无菌屏障专家共识

目的 规范软器械建立手术无菌屏障的操作流程及软器械的选择、清洗消毒,以期进一步落实法规要求与国家标准,确保手术安全。方法 在总结国内外法规、标准和科研文献的基础上,通过多中心临床使用研究、多区域清洗消毒处理实践、多学科临床专家经验总结、多次现场调研和沙龙会议研究讨论,对于使用软器械建立手术无菌屏障逐步达成共识。结果 规范建立手术无菌屏障所使用的医疗器械、规范操作流程及软器械的清洗消毒。结论 规范软器械建立手术无菌屏障可以有效地预防手术部位感染,降低医院支出,绿色环保。

肿瘤化疗住院患者金黄色葡萄球菌的携带及耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌的筛选

目的调查肿瘤化疗患者鼻前庭及手上金黄色葡萄球菌的携带及耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌（MRSA）的分布。方法常规法分离鉴定165名化疗患者鼻前庭及手上的金黄色葡萄球菌，头孢西丁药敏纸片法筛选MRSA。结果患者金黄色葡萄球菌及MRSA总携带率分别为45．45％、13．33％。结论肿瘤化疗住院患者易携带金黄色葡萄球菌及MRSA，应重视其检测。