It is well known that a bill of lading rnay serve three funtions , namely, an evidence of a contract of carriage, a receipt of goods, adocument of title. The last funtion is of great -tance which liesin its negotiabil...It is well known that a bill of lading rnay serve three funtions , namely, an evidence of a contract of carriage, a receipt of goods, adocument of title. The last funtion is of great -tance which liesin its negotiability.A bill of lading ou there fore be divided into a straight bill of lading,an order bill of lading and a bearer bill of lading. A straightbill of lading is different from an order bill of lading or a bearer bill of ladtw which is not negotiable in its nature. So their legal effect and extent in regard to document of title must be different.A cather who has issued a straight bill of lading normally discharges its duty by delivering the gdris to the named consignee.The consignee doesn’t need to preduce the bill of lading or even bein possession of it. Any one holding a srtaight bill of lading otherthan the named consignee has no title to the goods.展开更多
Package limitation of carrier’s liability means thc maximunanlount per package or per shipping unit a carrier shall be liable topay for the loss of or damage to the goods. It is a common issue inthe international jur...Package limitation of carrier’s liability means thc maximunanlount per package or per shipping unit a carrier shall be liable topay for the loss of or damage to the goods. It is a common issue inthe international juridical practice but a contreovery one in the theory worldwide as well, though it is clcarly specified in either the"Hague Rules" or the "Visby Rules" or the "Hamburg Rules"- Be-ing aware of the in1portance and instance of the subject, the wrltertrics to present this paper In the hope to find out the clear answer asto how to convert 100 Pound Sterling or 10000 Francs into nationalcurrencies.The writer also raises a question in this paper about thc impactof different judicial systems on the package limitation under differ-ent maritime conventions and holds that the main reason of the dif-ferences in the implementation of the international conventions isthe different attitudes to the conventions under the different judicialsystems.展开更多
文摘It is well known that a bill of lading rnay serve three funtions , namely, an evidence of a contract of carriage, a receipt of goods, adocument of title. The last funtion is of great -tance which liesin its negotiability.A bill of lading ou there fore be divided into a straight bill of lading,an order bill of lading and a bearer bill of lading. A straightbill of lading is different from an order bill of lading or a bearer bill of ladtw which is not negotiable in its nature. So their legal effect and extent in regard to document of title must be different.A cather who has issued a straight bill of lading normally discharges its duty by delivering the gdris to the named consignee.The consignee doesn’t need to preduce the bill of lading or even bein possession of it. Any one holding a srtaight bill of lading otherthan the named consignee has no title to the goods.
文摘Package limitation of carrier’s liability means thc maximunanlount per package or per shipping unit a carrier shall be liable topay for the loss of or damage to the goods. It is a common issue inthe international juridical practice but a contreovery one in the theory worldwide as well, though it is clcarly specified in either the"Hague Rules" or the "Visby Rules" or the "Hamburg Rules"- Be-ing aware of the in1portance and instance of the subject, the wrltertrics to present this paper In the hope to find out the clear answer asto how to convert 100 Pound Sterling or 10000 Francs into nationalcurrencies.The writer also raises a question in this paper about thc impactof different judicial systems on the package limitation under differ-ent maritime conventions and holds that the main reason of the dif-ferences in the implementation of the international conventions isthe different attitudes to the conventions under the different judicialsystems.
