Objectives To identify the 5'untranslated region of Zika virus(ZIKV 5'UTR)RNA-binding proteins and to investigate the impact of the binding protein on the activity of internal ribosomal entry site(IRES)located...Objectives To identify the 5'untranslated region of Zika virus(ZIKV 5'UTR)RNA-binding proteins and to investigate the impact of the binding protein on the activity of internal ribosomal entry site(IRES)located in ZIKV 5'UTR and virus production.Methods Interacting proteins in U251 cells were captured using tRSA-tagged ZIKV 5'UTR RNA and tRSA-ZIKV 5'UTR RNA-binding proteins were visualized by SDS-PAGE silver staining,Subsequently,liquid chromatographytandem mass spectrometry(LC-MS/MS),bioinformatics analysis,and Western blot were used to identify the candidate proteins binding to ZIKV 5'UTR.Dicistronic expression assay and plaque forming assay were performed to analyze the effect of the binding protein on ZIKV IRES activity and ZIKV production,respecitvely.Results tRSA RNA pull-down assay,LC-MS/MS,and Western blot analysis showed that polypyrimidine tractbinding protein(PTB)bound to the ZIKV 5'UTR.Furthermore,dual luciferase reporter assay revealed that overexpression of PTB significantly enhanced the IRES activity of ZIKV(t=10.220,P<0.001),while PTB knockdown had the opposite effect(t=4.897,P<0.01).Additionally,virus plaque forming assay demonstrated that up-regulation of PTB expression significantly enhanced viral titer(t=6.400,P<0.01),whereas reducing PTB expression level weakened virus infectivity(t=5.055,P<0.01).Conclusion PTB positively interacts with the ZIKV 5'UTR and enhances IRES activity and virus production.展开更多
The growing utilization of critical care echocardiography(CCE) by clinicians necessitates a meticulous review of clinical conditions in critically ill patients, both before and during the examination. The reviewing pr...The growing utilization of critical care echocardiography(CCE) by clinicians necessitates a meticulous review of clinical conditions in critically ill patients, both before and during the examination. The reviewing process of clinical conditions minimizes the risk of overlooking or misinterpreting crucial findings. This article proposes a comprehensive strategy, namely BILL strategy, to integrate into the CCE protocol, where "B" represents baseline respiratory and hemodynamic support, "I" signifies information gleaned from invasive monitoring, including central venous pressure and thermodilution-derived cardiac output, the first "L" denotes laboratory results such as central venous oxygen saturation, troponin, and brain natriuretic peptide, and the second "L" refers to lung ultrasound data. Combining the BILL strategy with CCE can enhance comprehensive understanding of critical conditions, potentially leading to improved diagnostic accuracy and patient outcomes.展开更多
Objective To observe the clinical application value of total free-breathing cardiac MR(CMR)examination preliminarily.Methods Two patients who underwent CMR scanning under free-breathing state,including cine,motion cor...Objective To observe the clinical application value of total free-breathing cardiac MR(CMR)examination preliminarily.Methods Two patients who underwent CMR scanning under free-breathing state,including cine,motion correction T1 and T2 mapping,blood flow imaging,and late gadolinium enhancement scanning were retrospectively enrolled,and the qualities of the above images were evaluated and compared with that of conventional CMR images under breath-holding state.Results No significant difference of imaging quality was found between total free-breathing and conventional breath-holding CMR.The differences of left ventricular ejection fraction,cardiac output,left ventricular end-diastolic volume index and left ventricular mass measured based on CMR images under different breath conditions were limited.Conclusion Total free-breathing CMR was feasible in clinical practice,which could provide"one-stop"evaluation of cardiac structure,function and myocardial histological characteristics,hence having promising clinical prospects.展开更多
Objective To investigate the antidepressant effects of Yuanzhi(Polygalae Radix;PR)aqueous extract on chronic unpredictable mild stress(CUMS)-induced depression rat models and the underlying mechanisms.Methods A total ...Objective To investigate the antidepressant effects of Yuanzhi(Polygalae Radix;PR)aqueous extract on chronic unpredictable mild stress(CUMS)-induced depression rat models and the underlying mechanisms.Methods A total of 40 male Sprague Dawley(SD)rats were randomly divided into control;model;low dose of PR(PR-L;0.5 g/kg);high dose of PR(PR-H;1 g/kg);and fluoxetine(10 mg/kg)groups;with 8 rats in each group.Except for the rats in control group;those in the other four groups underwent CUMS-induced depression modeling.PR and fluoxetine were administered intragastrically once daily;30 min prior to the CUMS procedure;for 14 consecu-tive days until the behavioral tests were performed.After CUMS modeling;the sucrose prefer-ence test(SPT);open field test(OFT);novelty-suppressed feeding test(NSFT);forced swim test(FST);and tail suspension test(TST)were employed to assess the pharmacological ef-fects of PR on the mitigation of depressive-like behaviors in rat models.Additionally;the en-zyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)was utilized to quantify the serum levels of tumor necrosis factor(TNF)-α;interleukin(IL)-6;and IL-1βin the rats.Western blot analysis was al-so conducted to evaluate the protein expression levels of nuclear factor kappa-B(NF-κB);in-ducible nitric oxide synthase(iNOS);cyclooxygenase-2(COX-2);nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain(NOD)-like receptor family pyrin domain containing 3(NLRP3);apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing caspase recruitment domain(ASC);and caspase-1 in the hippocampal tissues of the rats.Immunofluorescence staining was per-formed to observe the morphological changes in ionized calcium-binding adapter molecule 1 positive(Iba-1+)cells in the dentate gyrus(DG)of rats with CUMS-induced depression.Results(i)Treatment with PR-H and fluoxetine resulted in significant enhancements in both the total distance and time the rats moved during tests(P<0.01 and P<0.05;respectively).Post-administration of PR-H and fluoxetine also led to statistically significant increase in su-crose preference among rats(P<0.05).Besides;PR-L;PR-H;and fluoxetine treatment markedly decreased the latency of ingestion(P<0.05;P<0.05;and P<0.01;respectively).As observed from the FST;PR-L;PR-H;and fluoxetine presented antidepressant effects on rats with CUMS-induced depression;leading to the reduction in time of their immobility(P<0.05;P<0.01;and P<0.01;respectively).The results of TST indicated reduced immobility time in rats receiving PR-H and fluoxetine treatment as well(P<0.01).(ii)Rats in model group showed an increase in the levels of Iba-1+microglia in their left and right brains in compari-son with control group(P<0.01).However;such increase was negated post PR treatment(P<0.01).Treatment with PR-L;PR-H;and fluoxetine considerably reduced the levels of inflam-matory factors(TNF-α;IL-1β;and IL-6;P<0.01).In addition;treatment of PR-L and PR-H ef-fectively counteracted the elevated levels of NLRP3;ASC;and caspase-1;and markedly down-regulated the expression levels of phosphorylated p65(p-p65);COX-2;and iNOS in rats’hip-pocampus(P<0.01).Conclusion Collectively;these findings indicate that PR exerts an antidepressant effect on rats with CUMS-induced depression partially through the modulation of the NLRP3 and NF-κB signaling pathways.展开更多
目的探讨静注人免疫球蛋白(intravenous immunoglobuin,IVIG)对奥沙利铂诱导的化疗损伤小鼠的救治效果。方法将6~8周龄的野生型雄性BALB/c小鼠51只,随机均分为:1)空白对照组;2)化疗组(腹腔注射奥沙利铂);3)干预组(注射奥沙利铂后给予IV...目的探讨静注人免疫球蛋白(intravenous immunoglobuin,IVIG)对奥沙利铂诱导的化疗损伤小鼠的救治效果。方法将6~8周龄的野生型雄性BALB/c小鼠51只,随机均分为:1)空白对照组;2)化疗组(腹腔注射奥沙利铂);3)干预组(注射奥沙利铂后给予IVIG)。通过外周血细胞计数、解剖学、HE(苏木精-伊红)染色、PAS(过碘酸雪夫)染色及Luminex等方法研究各组小鼠的外周血细胞组成、脾指数、脾脏和肠道的病理学特征、结肠炎症因子水平等,分析IVIG对奥沙利铂诱导的化疗损伤的救治效果。结果与空白对照组相比,化疗组小鼠外周血中的白细胞数量(109/L)(2.45±0.51 vs 0.75±0.27,P<0.0001)和血小板数量(109/L)(1249.00±100.04 vs 347.55±110.33,P<0.0001)显著减少,淋巴细胞比例(75.37%±7.30%vs 62.57%±12.09%,P<0.001)明显下降,脾指数显著降低(P<0.0001),结肠中的杯状细胞减少(P<0.05)、促炎因子TNF-α和IFN-γ(P<0.01)升高、抗炎因子IL-10和IL-13(P<0.05)降低。与化疗组相比,IVIG干预则明显增加了小鼠外周血中的白细胞数量(109/L)(0.75±0.27 vs 1.11±0.30,P<0.05)和血小板数量(109/L)(347.55±110.33 vs 698.49±182.86,P<0.0001),提高了淋巴细胞比例(62.57%±12.09%vs 71.40%±9.08%,P<0.05),脾指数也明显升高(P<0.0001),增加了小鼠结肠中杯状细胞的数量(P<0.01),降低促炎因子TNF-α的水平(P<0.05)、升高抗炎因子IL-10和IL-13(P<0.05)的水平。结论在奥沙利铂诱导的化疗损伤小鼠中,IVIG能够减轻小鼠的造血系统、脾脏和肠道损伤,提示IVIG可用于改善奥沙利铂在肿瘤患者化疗中引起的机体损伤。展开更多
目的：初步分析影响妇科良性疾病盆腔积液的相关因素。方法：选择2012年5-10月于北京协和医院接受腹腔镜检查和（或）治疗的育龄期患者,术中留取游离的盆腔积液,测量盆腔积液量并记录临床资料。结果：入组112例患者,平均年龄为31.74...目的：初步分析影响妇科良性疾病盆腔积液的相关因素。方法：选择2012年5-10月于北京协和医院接受腹腔镜检查和（或）治疗的育龄期患者,术中留取游离的盆腔积液,测量盆腔积液量并记录临床资料。结果：入组112例患者,平均年龄为31.74±6.85岁,收集的盆腔积液量平均为7.39±6.72 ml,范围为0.3-44.0 ml。主要临床问题包括不育、盆腔粘连、子宫内膜异位症、子宫肌瘤、输卵管积水、畸胎瘤、子宫内膜息肉、子宫腺肌病。与腹腔镜下未发现子宫内膜异位病灶的患者相比,子宫内膜异位症患者的盆腔积液量增加（P〈0.05）。与无相应疾病的患者相比,输卵管积水、盆腔粘连患者的盆腔积液量有减少的趋势,子宫内膜息肉、子宫腺肌病患者的盆腔积液量有增加的趋势,但差异均无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。不育患者与生育力无异常的患者相比,盆腔积液量（7.27±6.71 ml vs 7.83±6.90 ml）差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。多因素线性回归分析提示：体重指数增加,盆腔积液量减少;年龄增加,盆腔积液量增加;子宫腺肌病患者盆腔积液量增加;输卵管积水患者盆腔积液量减少。结论：子宫内膜异位症患者的盆腔积液量增加,其他妇科良性疾病及不育患者中未发现盆腔积液量的明显变化。临床中诊断和处理盆腔积液时,应结合疾病及患者的年龄、体重指数进行综合评价。展开更多
目的探讨结合时间-空间双重标记反翻转恢复脉冲(Time-SLIP)序列的无对比增强(non-contrast-enhanced)MR血管造影(MRA)技术在评价肾动脉狭窄(RAS)中的应用,并与CT血管造影(CTA)比较。材料与方法对22例怀疑RAS的患者同期进行MRA和CTA检查...目的探讨结合时间-空间双重标记反翻转恢复脉冲(Time-SLIP)序列的无对比增强(non-contrast-enhanced)MR血管造影(MRA)技术在评价肾动脉狭窄(RAS)中的应用,并与CT血管造影(CTA)比较。材料与方法对22例怀疑RAS的患者同期进行MRA和CTA检查。在1.5 T MR扫描仪上,运用结合Time-SLIP技术的冠状面和轴面采集真实稳态自由进动序列(true SSFP)进行肾动脉MRA成像。评价肾动脉MRA图像质量和狭窄程度,并与CTA进行比较。结果共46支肾动脉列入统计,MRA图像质量优秀29例(63%),良好13例(28%),一般4例(9%)。无对比增强MRA与CTA对诊断肾动脉狭窄程度分级结果具有相关性(r=0.991,(P<0.01)。以CTA为参照标准,MRA诊断明显RAS(狭窄程度≥50%)的敏感度为100%,特异度为97.1%。结论结合Time-SLIP的无对比增强MRA技术可有效用于评价肾动脉狭窄。展开更多
Focusing on the reform initiatives of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences(CAMS) & Peking Union Medical College(PUMC) in medical scientific and technological innovation from perspectives of deepening the reform and...Focusing on the reform initiatives of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences(CAMS) & Peking Union Medical College(PUMC) in medical scientific and technological innovation from perspectives of deepening the reform and optimizing the ecosystem of science and technology innovation,this article summarizes the highlights of CAMS & PUMC’s efforts in safeguarding people’ s health and promoting the Healthy China 2030 strategy through scientific and technological innovation in the fields including basic research,disease prevention and treatment,and medical technology in the past ten years.These achievements embody the endeavors and responsibility of CAMS& PUMC in realizing self-reliance and self-improvement of Chinese medical science and technology and highlight its contributions to the development of medical science and technology of China.展开更多
Objective In recent years,many studies have reported that air pollution is a risk factor for type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM).The aim of this systematic review and meta・analysis is to summarize the evidence about the as...Objective In recent years,many studies have reported that air pollution is a risk factor for type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM).The aim of this systematic review and meta・analysis is to summarize the evidence about the association between exposure to air pollution andT2DM in developing countries.Methods The databases,including PubMed,EMBASE and Web of Science,were systematically searched for studies published up to 31 March 2022.Studies about the association between air pollution andT2DM prevalence or incidence in developing countries were included.The odds ratio(OR)was used as effect estimate.We synthesized the included studies in the meta-analysis.Results We included 8 cross-sectional studies and 8 cohort studies,all conducted in developing countries.Meta-analysis of 8 studies on PM_(2.5)(particulate matter ≤2.5 μm in diameter)showed that T2DM prevalence was significantly associated with PM_(2.5)exposure(OR=1.12;95%CI:1.07,1.17;P<0.001).The association between air pollutants andT2DM incidence was not estimated due to the limited relevant studies.Conclusions The exposure to PM_(2.5)would be positively associated with an increased prevalence of T2DM in developing countries.Some effective measures should be taken to reduce air pollutant exposure in people who are vulnerable to diabetes.展开更多
Objective To study the reliability and validity of the Chinese version of the Lymphedema Quality of Life Questionnaire(LYMQOL)in lymphedema patients.Methods LYMQOL was translated into Chinese.The Chinese version of th...Objective To study the reliability and validity of the Chinese version of the Lymphedema Quality of Life Questionnaire(LYMQOL)in lymphedema patients.Methods LYMQOL was translated into Chinese.The Chinese version of the LYMQOL was distributed with the official Wechat account"Lymphedema Channel"to lymphedema patients who were recruited from October 28^(th),2020 to February 23^(rd),2021.Patients with upper limb lymphedema and lower limb lymphedema completed the LYMQOL-ARM subscale and the LYMQOL-LEG subscale separately,at enrollment,1 week later,and 1 month later.Reliability,validity,feasibility,responsiveness and average time required for completing the questionnaire were assessed.Results A total of 195 patients participated in the study.The Chinese questionnaire showed high reliability with Cronbach’sαcoefficients of 0.849-0.902 for the LYMQOL-ARM and intraclass correlation coefficient(ICC)of 0.848-0.884 and Cronbach’sαcoefficients of 0.726-0.902 for the LYMQOL-LEG and ICC of 0.863-0.900.The LYMQOL showed moderate to good correlations with the EQ-5 D(0.4<r<0.6,P<0.01;for the LYMQOLARM,n=95,for the LYMQOL-LEG,n=102).Responsiveness analysis suggested that quality of life of upper limb lymphedema patients decreased after 1 month(P<0.05).The average time of patients to finish the questionnaire was approximately 12 minutes.Conclusions The Chinese version of the LYMQOL is easy to answer,comprehensive and appropriate in length,and has good reliability and validity.It may be utilized to assist treatment decision-making and track changes in clinical setting or research for lymphedema.展开更多
The research and development of penicillin started with dificulty before 1949 and achieved certain results.In 1951,after the founding of the People’ s Republic of China,Zhang Weishen,as the only Chinese scientist who...The research and development of penicillin started with dificulty before 1949 and achieved certain results.In 1951,after the founding of the People’ s Republic of China,Zhang Weishen,as the only Chinese scientist who had been trained and worked in a penicillin research and development center in the United States for many years,overcame many difficulties and returned to China.In 1953,with the efforts of Zhang Weishen and his colleagues,China realized the industrialized production of penicillin,alleviating the urgent needs of the masses.Antibiotics has also become the first discipline to achieve major scientific and technological achievements after the founding of the New China.In the mid-1950s,the technical breakthrough in the localization of lactose substitutes marked the localization of the raw materials of the penicillin-producing culture medium,which paved the way for the industrialized production of penicillin with Chinese characteristics.Antibiotics have become one of the most widely used and affordable drugs for hundreds of millions of patients in China,and China has since ended the humiliating history of the "Sick Man of East Asia".展开更多
Blood loss and blood transfusion requirement are important quality control indicators of cardiovascular surgery and cardiovascular anesthesia.Patient blood management(PBM)is an evidence-based,multidisciplinary approac...Blood loss and blood transfusion requirement are important quality control indicators of cardiovascular surgery and cardiovascular anesthesia.Patient blood management(PBM)is an evidence-based,multidisciplinary approach to optimizing the care of patients who may need transfusion,which encompasses anemia management,hemodilution,cell salvage,hemostatic treatment,and other approaches to reducing bleeding and minimizing blood transfusion.PBM in cardiovascular surgery is a"team sport"that involves cardiac and vascular surgeons,anesthesiologists,perfusionist,intensivists,and other health care providers.The current work provides an overview of evidence and practice of PBM at Fuwai Hospital.Implementation of PBM should also take local resource availability and costeffectiveness of different devices,drugs,technologies,and techniques into consideration.展开更多
Fuwai Hospital was established in 1956 and the Anesthesia Department of Fuwai Hospital was one of the earliest anesthesia departments then in China.Under the leadership of several department directors and with the con...Fuwai Hospital was established in 1956 and the Anesthesia Department of Fuwai Hospital was one of the earliest anesthesia departments then in China.Under the leadership of several department directors and with the concerted efforts of all generations of colleagues,the Anesthesia Department of Fuwai Hospital has dramatically transformed,upgraded and modernized.For more than six decades,the Anesthesia Department has been providing high-quality peri-operative anesthesia care for cardiovascular surgeries,conducting innovative experimental and clinical researches,and offering comprehensive training on cardiovascular anesthesiology for professionals across China.Currently,Fuwai Hospital is the National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases of China and one of the largest cardiovascular centers in the world.The present review introduces the Anesthesia Department of Fuwai Hospital,summarizes its current practice of anesthesia management,the outcomes of cardiovascular surgeries at Fuwai Hospital,accumulates relevant evidence,and provides prospects for future development of cardiovascular anesthesiology.展开更多
Objective To compare the performance of five machine learning models and SAPSⅡ score in predicting the 30-day mortality amongst patients with sepsis.Methods The sepsis patient-related data were extracted from the MIM...Objective To compare the performance of five machine learning models and SAPSⅡ score in predicting the 30-day mortality amongst patients with sepsis.Methods The sepsis patient-related data were extracted from the MIMIC-Ⅳ database.Clinical features were generated and selected by mutual information and grid search.Logistic regression,Random forest,LightGBM,XGBoost,and other machine learning models were constructed to predict the mortality probability.Five measurements including accuracy,precision,recall,F1 score,and area under curve(AUC) were acquired for model evaluation.An external validation was implemented to avoid conclusion bias.Results LightGBM outperformed other methods,achieving the highest AUC(0.900),accuracy(0.808),and precision(0.559).All machine learning models performed better than SAPSⅡ score(AUC=0.748).LightGBM achieved 0.883 in AUC in the external data validation.Conclusions The machine learning models are more effective in predicting the 30-day mortality of patients with sepsis than the traditional SAPS Ⅱ score.展开更多
文摘Objectives To identify the 5'untranslated region of Zika virus(ZIKV 5'UTR)RNA-binding proteins and to investigate the impact of the binding protein on the activity of internal ribosomal entry site(IRES)located in ZIKV 5'UTR and virus production.Methods Interacting proteins in U251 cells were captured using tRSA-tagged ZIKV 5'UTR RNA and tRSA-ZIKV 5'UTR RNA-binding proteins were visualized by SDS-PAGE silver staining,Subsequently,liquid chromatographytandem mass spectrometry(LC-MS/MS),bioinformatics analysis,and Western blot were used to identify the candidate proteins binding to ZIKV 5'UTR.Dicistronic expression assay and plaque forming assay were performed to analyze the effect of the binding protein on ZIKV IRES activity and ZIKV production,respecitvely.Results tRSA RNA pull-down assay,LC-MS/MS,and Western blot analysis showed that polypyrimidine tractbinding protein(PTB)bound to the ZIKV 5'UTR.Furthermore,dual luciferase reporter assay revealed that overexpression of PTB significantly enhanced the IRES activity of ZIKV(t=10.220,P<0.001),while PTB knockdown had the opposite effect(t=4.897,P<0.01).Additionally,virus plaque forming assay demonstrated that up-regulation of PTB expression significantly enhanced viral titer(t=6.400,P<0.01),whereas reducing PTB expression level weakened virus infectivity(t=5.055,P<0.01).Conclusion PTB positively interacts with the ZIKV 5'UTR and enhances IRES activity and virus production.
文摘The growing utilization of critical care echocardiography(CCE) by clinicians necessitates a meticulous review of clinical conditions in critically ill patients, both before and during the examination. The reviewing process of clinical conditions minimizes the risk of overlooking or misinterpreting crucial findings. This article proposes a comprehensive strategy, namely BILL strategy, to integrate into the CCE protocol, where "B" represents baseline respiratory and hemodynamic support, "I" signifies information gleaned from invasive monitoring, including central venous pressure and thermodilution-derived cardiac output, the first "L" denotes laboratory results such as central venous oxygen saturation, troponin, and brain natriuretic peptide, and the second "L" refers to lung ultrasound data. Combining the BILL strategy with CCE can enhance comprehensive understanding of critical conditions, potentially leading to improved diagnostic accuracy and patient outcomes.
文摘Objective To observe the clinical application value of total free-breathing cardiac MR(CMR)examination preliminarily.Methods Two patients who underwent CMR scanning under free-breathing state,including cine,motion correction T1 and T2 mapping,blood flow imaging,and late gadolinium enhancement scanning were retrospectively enrolled,and the qualities of the above images were evaluated and compared with that of conventional CMR images under breath-holding state.Results No significant difference of imaging quality was found between total free-breathing and conventional breath-holding CMR.The differences of left ventricular ejection fraction,cardiac output,left ventricular end-diastolic volume index and left ventricular mass measured based on CMR images under different breath conditions were limited.Conclusion Total free-breathing CMR was feasible in clinical practice,which could provide"one-stop"evaluation of cardiac structure,function and myocardial histological characteristics,hence having promising clinical prospects.
基金International Cooperative Project of Traditional Chinese Medicine(GZYYG2020023)CAMS Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences(CIFMS)Grant(2021-I2M-1-034)Key Research Project of Hunan Province(222SK2018).
文摘Objective To investigate the antidepressant effects of Yuanzhi(Polygalae Radix;PR)aqueous extract on chronic unpredictable mild stress(CUMS)-induced depression rat models and the underlying mechanisms.Methods A total of 40 male Sprague Dawley(SD)rats were randomly divided into control;model;low dose of PR(PR-L;0.5 g/kg);high dose of PR(PR-H;1 g/kg);and fluoxetine(10 mg/kg)groups;with 8 rats in each group.Except for the rats in control group;those in the other four groups underwent CUMS-induced depression modeling.PR and fluoxetine were administered intragastrically once daily;30 min prior to the CUMS procedure;for 14 consecu-tive days until the behavioral tests were performed.After CUMS modeling;the sucrose prefer-ence test(SPT);open field test(OFT);novelty-suppressed feeding test(NSFT);forced swim test(FST);and tail suspension test(TST)were employed to assess the pharmacological ef-fects of PR on the mitigation of depressive-like behaviors in rat models.Additionally;the en-zyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)was utilized to quantify the serum levels of tumor necrosis factor(TNF)-α;interleukin(IL)-6;and IL-1βin the rats.Western blot analysis was al-so conducted to evaluate the protein expression levels of nuclear factor kappa-B(NF-κB);in-ducible nitric oxide synthase(iNOS);cyclooxygenase-2(COX-2);nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain(NOD)-like receptor family pyrin domain containing 3(NLRP3);apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing caspase recruitment domain(ASC);and caspase-1 in the hippocampal tissues of the rats.Immunofluorescence staining was per-formed to observe the morphological changes in ionized calcium-binding adapter molecule 1 positive(Iba-1+)cells in the dentate gyrus(DG)of rats with CUMS-induced depression.Results(i)Treatment with PR-H and fluoxetine resulted in significant enhancements in both the total distance and time the rats moved during tests(P<0.01 and P<0.05;respectively).Post-administration of PR-H and fluoxetine also led to statistically significant increase in su-crose preference among rats(P<0.05).Besides;PR-L;PR-H;and fluoxetine treatment markedly decreased the latency of ingestion(P<0.05;P<0.05;and P<0.01;respectively).As observed from the FST;PR-L;PR-H;and fluoxetine presented antidepressant effects on rats with CUMS-induced depression;leading to the reduction in time of their immobility(P<0.05;P<0.01;and P<0.01;respectively).The results of TST indicated reduced immobility time in rats receiving PR-H and fluoxetine treatment as well(P<0.01).(ii)Rats in model group showed an increase in the levels of Iba-1+microglia in their left and right brains in compari-son with control group(P<0.01).However;such increase was negated post PR treatment(P<0.01).Treatment with PR-L;PR-H;and fluoxetine considerably reduced the levels of inflam-matory factors(TNF-α;IL-1β;and IL-6;P<0.01).In addition;treatment of PR-L and PR-H ef-fectively counteracted the elevated levels of NLRP3;ASC;and caspase-1;and markedly down-regulated the expression levels of phosphorylated p65(p-p65);COX-2;and iNOS in rats’hip-pocampus(P<0.01).Conclusion Collectively;these findings indicate that PR exerts an antidepressant effect on rats with CUMS-induced depression partially through the modulation of the NLRP3 and NF-κB signaling pathways.
文摘目的探讨静注人免疫球蛋白(intravenous immunoglobuin,IVIG)对奥沙利铂诱导的化疗损伤小鼠的救治效果。方法将6~8周龄的野生型雄性BALB/c小鼠51只,随机均分为:1)空白对照组;2)化疗组(腹腔注射奥沙利铂);3)干预组(注射奥沙利铂后给予IVIG)。通过外周血细胞计数、解剖学、HE(苏木精-伊红)染色、PAS(过碘酸雪夫)染色及Luminex等方法研究各组小鼠的外周血细胞组成、脾指数、脾脏和肠道的病理学特征、结肠炎症因子水平等,分析IVIG对奥沙利铂诱导的化疗损伤的救治效果。结果与空白对照组相比,化疗组小鼠外周血中的白细胞数量(109/L)(2.45±0.51 vs 0.75±0.27,P<0.0001)和血小板数量(109/L)(1249.00±100.04 vs 347.55±110.33,P<0.0001)显著减少,淋巴细胞比例(75.37%±7.30%vs 62.57%±12.09%,P<0.001)明显下降,脾指数显著降低(P<0.0001),结肠中的杯状细胞减少(P<0.05)、促炎因子TNF-α和IFN-γ(P<0.01)升高、抗炎因子IL-10和IL-13(P<0.05)降低。与化疗组相比,IVIG干预则明显增加了小鼠外周血中的白细胞数量(109/L)(0.75±0.27 vs 1.11±0.30,P<0.05)和血小板数量(109/L)(347.55±110.33 vs 698.49±182.86,P<0.0001),提高了淋巴细胞比例(62.57%±12.09%vs 71.40%±9.08%,P<0.05),脾指数也明显升高(P<0.0001),增加了小鼠结肠中杯状细胞的数量(P<0.01),降低促炎因子TNF-α的水平(P<0.05)、升高抗炎因子IL-10和IL-13(P<0.05)的水平。结论在奥沙利铂诱导的化疗损伤小鼠中,IVIG能够减轻小鼠的造血系统、脾脏和肠道损伤,提示IVIG可用于改善奥沙利铂在肿瘤患者化疗中引起的机体损伤。
文摘目的：初步分析影响妇科良性疾病盆腔积液的相关因素。方法：选择2012年5-10月于北京协和医院接受腹腔镜检查和（或）治疗的育龄期患者,术中留取游离的盆腔积液,测量盆腔积液量并记录临床资料。结果：入组112例患者,平均年龄为31.74±6.85岁,收集的盆腔积液量平均为7.39±6.72 ml,范围为0.3-44.0 ml。主要临床问题包括不育、盆腔粘连、子宫内膜异位症、子宫肌瘤、输卵管积水、畸胎瘤、子宫内膜息肉、子宫腺肌病。与腹腔镜下未发现子宫内膜异位病灶的患者相比,子宫内膜异位症患者的盆腔积液量增加（P〈0.05）。与无相应疾病的患者相比,输卵管积水、盆腔粘连患者的盆腔积液量有减少的趋势,子宫内膜息肉、子宫腺肌病患者的盆腔积液量有增加的趋势,但差异均无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。不育患者与生育力无异常的患者相比,盆腔积液量（7.27±6.71 ml vs 7.83±6.90 ml）差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。多因素线性回归分析提示：体重指数增加,盆腔积液量减少;年龄增加,盆腔积液量增加;子宫腺肌病患者盆腔积液量增加;输卵管积水患者盆腔积液量减少。结论：子宫内膜异位症患者的盆腔积液量增加,其他妇科良性疾病及不育患者中未发现盆腔积液量的明显变化。临床中诊断和处理盆腔积液时,应结合疾病及患者的年龄、体重指数进行综合评价。
文摘目的探讨结合时间-空间双重标记反翻转恢复脉冲(Time-SLIP)序列的无对比增强(non-contrast-enhanced)MR血管造影(MRA)技术在评价肾动脉狭窄(RAS)中的应用,并与CT血管造影(CTA)比较。材料与方法对22例怀疑RAS的患者同期进行MRA和CTA检查。在1.5 T MR扫描仪上,运用结合Time-SLIP技术的冠状面和轴面采集真实稳态自由进动序列(true SSFP)进行肾动脉MRA成像。评价肾动脉MRA图像质量和狭窄程度,并与CTA进行比较。结果共46支肾动脉列入统计,MRA图像质量优秀29例(63%),良好13例(28%),一般4例(9%)。无对比增强MRA与CTA对诊断肾动脉狭窄程度分级结果具有相关性(r=0.991,(P<0.01)。以CTA为参照标准,MRA诊断明显RAS(狭窄程度≥50%)的敏感度为100%,特异度为97.1%。结论结合Time-SLIP的无对比增强MRA技术可有效用于评价肾动脉狭窄。
文摘Focusing on the reform initiatives of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences(CAMS) & Peking Union Medical College(PUMC) in medical scientific and technological innovation from perspectives of deepening the reform and optimizing the ecosystem of science and technology innovation,this article summarizes the highlights of CAMS & PUMC’s efforts in safeguarding people’ s health and promoting the Healthy China 2030 strategy through scientific and technological innovation in the fields including basic research,disease prevention and treatment,and medical technology in the past ten years.These achievements embody the endeavors and responsibility of CAMS& PUMC in realizing self-reliance and self-improvement of Chinese medical science and technology and highlight its contributions to the development of medical science and technology of China.
文摘Objective In recent years,many studies have reported that air pollution is a risk factor for type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM).The aim of this systematic review and meta・analysis is to summarize the evidence about the association between exposure to air pollution andT2DM in developing countries.Methods The databases,including PubMed,EMBASE and Web of Science,were systematically searched for studies published up to 31 March 2022.Studies about the association between air pollution andT2DM prevalence or incidence in developing countries were included.The odds ratio(OR)was used as effect estimate.We synthesized the included studies in the meta-analysis.Results We included 8 cross-sectional studies and 8 cohort studies,all conducted in developing countries.Meta-analysis of 8 studies on PM_(2.5)(particulate matter ≤2.5 μm in diameter)showed that T2DM prevalence was significantly associated with PM_(2.5)exposure(OR=1.12;95%CI:1.07,1.17;P<0.001).The association between air pollutants andT2DM incidence was not estimated due to the limited relevant studies.Conclusions The exposure to PM_(2.5)would be positively associated with an increased prevalence of T2DM in developing countries.Some effective measures should be taken to reduce air pollutant exposure in people who are vulnerable to diabetes.
文摘Objective To study the reliability and validity of the Chinese version of the Lymphedema Quality of Life Questionnaire(LYMQOL)in lymphedema patients.Methods LYMQOL was translated into Chinese.The Chinese version of the LYMQOL was distributed with the official Wechat account"Lymphedema Channel"to lymphedema patients who were recruited from October 28^(th),2020 to February 23^(rd),2021.Patients with upper limb lymphedema and lower limb lymphedema completed the LYMQOL-ARM subscale and the LYMQOL-LEG subscale separately,at enrollment,1 week later,and 1 month later.Reliability,validity,feasibility,responsiveness and average time required for completing the questionnaire were assessed.Results A total of 195 patients participated in the study.The Chinese questionnaire showed high reliability with Cronbach’sαcoefficients of 0.849-0.902 for the LYMQOL-ARM and intraclass correlation coefficient(ICC)of 0.848-0.884 and Cronbach’sαcoefficients of 0.726-0.902 for the LYMQOL-LEG and ICC of 0.863-0.900.The LYMQOL showed moderate to good correlations with the EQ-5 D(0.4<r<0.6,P<0.01;for the LYMQOLARM,n=95,for the LYMQOL-LEG,n=102).Responsiveness analysis suggested that quality of life of upper limb lymphedema patients decreased after 1 month(P<0.05).The average time of patients to finish the questionnaire was approximately 12 minutes.Conclusions The Chinese version of the LYMQOL is easy to answer,comprehensive and appropriate in length,and has good reliability and validity.It may be utilized to assist treatment decision-making and track changes in clinical setting or research for lymphedema.
文摘The research and development of penicillin started with dificulty before 1949 and achieved certain results.In 1951,after the founding of the People’ s Republic of China,Zhang Weishen,as the only Chinese scientist who had been trained and worked in a penicillin research and development center in the United States for many years,overcame many difficulties and returned to China.In 1953,with the efforts of Zhang Weishen and his colleagues,China realized the industrialized production of penicillin,alleviating the urgent needs of the masses.Antibiotics has also become the first discipline to achieve major scientific and technological achievements after the founding of the New China.In the mid-1950s,the technical breakthrough in the localization of lactose substitutes marked the localization of the raw materials of the penicillin-producing culture medium,which paved the way for the industrialized production of penicillin with Chinese characteristics.Antibiotics have become one of the most widely used and affordable drugs for hundreds of millions of patients in China,and China has since ended the humiliating history of the "Sick Man of East Asia".
基金partially funded by CAMS Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences (CIFMS)(2021-I2MC&T-B-038)
文摘Blood loss and blood transfusion requirement are important quality control indicators of cardiovascular surgery and cardiovascular anesthesia.Patient blood management(PBM)is an evidence-based,multidisciplinary approach to optimizing the care of patients who may need transfusion,which encompasses anemia management,hemodilution,cell salvage,hemostatic treatment,and other approaches to reducing bleeding and minimizing blood transfusion.PBM in cardiovascular surgery is a"team sport"that involves cardiac and vascular surgeons,anesthesiologists,perfusionist,intensivists,and other health care providers.The current work provides an overview of evidence and practice of PBM at Fuwai Hospital.Implementation of PBM should also take local resource availability and costeffectiveness of different devices,drugs,technologies,and techniques into consideration.
文摘Fuwai Hospital was established in 1956 and the Anesthesia Department of Fuwai Hospital was one of the earliest anesthesia departments then in China.Under the leadership of several department directors and with the concerted efforts of all generations of colleagues,the Anesthesia Department of Fuwai Hospital has dramatically transformed,upgraded and modernized.For more than six decades,the Anesthesia Department has been providing high-quality peri-operative anesthesia care for cardiovascular surgeries,conducting innovative experimental and clinical researches,and offering comprehensive training on cardiovascular anesthesiology for professionals across China.Currently,Fuwai Hospital is the National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases of China and one of the largest cardiovascular centers in the world.The present review introduces the Anesthesia Department of Fuwai Hospital,summarizes its current practice of anesthesia management,the outcomes of cardiovascular surgeries at Fuwai Hospital,accumulates relevant evidence,and provides prospects for future development of cardiovascular anesthesiology.
文摘Objective To compare the performance of five machine learning models and SAPSⅡ score in predicting the 30-day mortality amongst patients with sepsis.Methods The sepsis patient-related data were extracted from the MIMIC-Ⅳ database.Clinical features were generated and selected by mutual information and grid search.Logistic regression,Random forest,LightGBM,XGBoost,and other machine learning models were constructed to predict the mortality probability.Five measurements including accuracy,precision,recall,F1 score,and area under curve(AUC) were acquired for model evaluation.An external validation was implemented to avoid conclusion bias.Results LightGBM outperformed other methods,achieving the highest AUC(0.900),accuracy(0.808),and precision(0.559).All machine learning models performed better than SAPSⅡ score(AUC=0.748).LightGBM achieved 0.883 in AUC in the external data validation.Conclusions The machine learning models are more effective in predicting the 30-day mortality of patients with sepsis than the traditional SAPS Ⅱ score.
