Preliminary clinical application of total free-breathing cardiac MR examination

Objective To observe the clinical application value of total free-breathing cardiac MR(CMR)examination preliminarily.Methods Two patients who underwent CMR scanning under free-breathing state,including cine,motion correction T1 and T2 mapping,blood flow imaging,and late gadolinium enhancement scanning were retrospectively enrolled,and the qualities of the above images were evaluated and compared with that of conventional CMR images under breath-holding state.Results No significant difference of imaging quality was found between total free-breathing and conventional breath-holding CMR.The differences of left ventricular ejection fraction,cardiac output,left ventricular end-diastolic volume index and left ventricular mass measured based on CMR images under different breath conditions were limited.Conclusion Total free-breathing CMR was feasible in clinical practice,which could provide"one-stop"evaluation of cardiac structure,function and myocardial histological characteristics,hence having promising clinical prospects.

Antidepressant effects of Yuanzhi (Polygalae Radix) extract on chronic unpredictable mild stress-induced depression in rats: modulation of the NLRP3 inflammasome and NF-κB pathway

Objective To investigate the antidepressant effects of Yuanzhi(Polygalae Radix;PR)aqueous extract on chronic unpredictable mild stress(CUMS)-induced depression rat models and the underlying mechanisms.Methods A total of 40 male Sprague Dawley(SD)rats were randomly divided into control;model;low dose of PR(PR-L;0.5 g/kg);high dose of PR(PR-H;1 g/kg);and fluoxetine(10 mg/kg)groups;with 8 rats in each group.Except for the rats in control group;those in the other four groups underwent CUMS-induced depression modeling.PR and fluoxetine were administered intragastrically once daily;30 min prior to the CUMS procedure;for 14 consecu-tive days until the behavioral tests were performed.After CUMS modeling;the sucrose prefer-ence test(SPT);open field test(OFT);novelty-suppressed feeding test(NSFT);forced swim test(FST);and tail suspension test(TST)were employed to assess the pharmacological ef-fects of PR on the mitigation of depressive-like behaviors in rat models.Additionally;the en-zyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)was utilized to quantify the serum levels of tumor necrosis factor(TNF)-α;interleukin(IL)-6;and IL-1βin the rats.Western blot analysis was al-so conducted to evaluate the protein expression levels of nuclear factor kappa-B(NF-κB);in-ducible nitric oxide synthase(iNOS);cyclooxygenase-2(COX-2);nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain(NOD)-like receptor family pyrin domain containing 3(NLRP3);apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing caspase recruitment domain(ASC);and caspase-1 in the hippocampal tissues of the rats.Immunofluorescence staining was per-formed to observe the morphological changes in ionized calcium-binding adapter molecule 1 positive(Iba-1+)cells in the dentate gyrus(DG)of rats with CUMS-induced depression.Results(i)Treatment with PR-H and fluoxetine resulted in significant enhancements in both the total distance and time the rats moved during tests(P<0.01 and P<0.05;respectively).Post-administration of PR-H and fluoxetine also led to statistically significant increase in su-crose preference among rats(P<0.05).Besides;PR-L;PR-H;and fluoxetine treatment markedly decreased the latency of ingestion(P<0.05;P<0.05;and P<0.01;respectively).As observed from the FST;PR-L;PR-H;and fluoxetine presented antidepressant effects on rats with CUMS-induced depression;leading to the reduction in time of their immobility(P<0.05;P<0.01;and P<0.01;respectively).The results of TST indicated reduced immobility time in rats receiving PR-H and fluoxetine treatment as well(P<0.01).(ii)Rats in model group showed an increase in the levels of Iba-1+microglia in their left and right brains in compari-son with control group(P<0.01).However;such increase was negated post PR treatment(P<0.01).Treatment with PR-L;PR-H;and fluoxetine considerably reduced the levels of inflam-matory factors(TNF-α;IL-1β;and IL-6;P<0.01).In addition;treatment of PR-L and PR-H ef-fectively counteracted the elevated levels of NLRP3;ASC;and caspase-1;and markedly down-regulated the expression levels of phosphorylated p65(p-p65);COX-2;and iNOS in rats’hip-pocampus(P<0.01).Conclusion Collectively;these findings indicate that PR exerts an antidepressant effect on rats with CUMS-induced depression partially through the modulation of the NLRP3 and NF-κB signaling pathways.

A Decade of Scien tific and Tech no logical Inno vati on at Chin ese Academy of Medical Sciences&Peking Union Medical College:Retrospect and Prospect

Focusing on the reform initiatives of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences(CAMS) & Peking Union Medical College(PUMC) in medical scientific and technological innovation from perspectives of deepening the reform and optimizing the ecosystem of science and technology innovation,this article summarizes the highlights of CAMS & PUMC’s efforts in safeguarding people’ s health and promoting the Healthy China 2030 strategy through scientific and technological innovation in the fields including basic research,disease prevention and treatment,and medical technology in the past ten years.These achievements embody the endeavors and responsibility of CAMS& PUMC in realizing self-reliance and self-improvement of Chinese medical science and technology and highlight its contributions to the development of medical science and technology of China.

沙粒病毒的研究进展

沙粒病毒属于小RNA病毒科,可以通过多种方式感染人类并导致不同程度的疾病病死率。沙粒病毒主要以啮齿类动物为宿主,人类致病性沙粒病毒包括引起人类淋巴细胞脉络丛脑膜炎的淋巴细胞脉络丛脑膜炎病毒和导致人类出血性疾病的拉沙热病毒和塔卡里伯病毒群。啮齿动物约占哺乳动物种类的43%,目前在啮齿目动物体内发现30余种高致病性的病毒,其中就包括沙粒病毒。啮齿类动物主要受到沙粒病毒科的哺乳动物沙粒病毒属的感染。本文对沙粒病毒的基因蛋白结构、临床特点、流行病学情况和预防控制等做一综述,为沙粒病毒的研究和预防机制建立提供参考。

Review of Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder with Pain-Depression Comorbidity

Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder(NMOSD)is an inflammatory disorder of the central nervous system predominantly targeting optic nerves and the spinal cord.The prevalence of the disease is much higher in Asia than in other parts of the world.Pain can be detected in more than 80%of NMOSD patients,with evoked pain mostly being caused by painful tonic muscle spasms and neuropathic pain as the most characteristic types.Depression is often comorbid with pain,and their comorbidity can severely influence quality of life.In recent years,studies have found considerable overlaps between the mechanisms of pain and depression;however,their association remains unclear.This article reviews the epidemiology,mechanism,evaluation and treatment of paindepression comorbidity in NMOSD patients.

Reliability and Validity of the Chinese Version of the Lymphedema Quality of Life Questionnaire

Objective To study the reliability and validity of the Chinese version of the Lymphedema Quality of Life Questionnaire(LYMQOL)in lymphedema patients.Methods LYMQOL was translated into Chinese.The Chinese version of the LYMQOL was distributed with the official Wechat account"Lymphedema Channel"to lymphedema patients who were recruited from October 28^(th),2020 to February 23^(rd),2021.Patients with upper limb lymphedema and lower limb lymphedema completed the LYMQOL-ARM subscale and the LYMQOL-LEG subscale separately,at enrollment,1 week later,and 1 month later.Reliability,validity,feasibility,responsiveness and average time required for completing the questionnaire were assessed.Results A total of 195 patients participated in the study.The Chinese questionnaire showed high reliability with Cronbach’sαcoefficients of 0.849-0.902 for the LYMQOL-ARM and intraclass correlation coefficient(ICC)of 0.848-0.884 and Cronbach’sαcoefficients of 0.726-0.902 for the LYMQOL-LEG and ICC of 0.863-0.900.The LYMQOL showed moderate to good correlations with the EQ-5 D(0.4<r<0.6,P<0.01;for the LYMQOLARM,n=95,for the LYMQOL-LEG,n=102).Responsiveness analysis suggested that quality of life of upper limb lymphedema patients decreased after 1 month(P<0.05).The average time of patients to finish the questionnaire was approximately 12 minutes.Conclusions The Chinese version of the LYMQOL is easy to answer,comprehensive and appropriate in length,and has good reliability and validity.It may be utilized to assist treatment decision-making and track changes in clinical setting or research for lymphedema.

Association between Air Pollution and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Developing Countries:A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Objective In recent years,many studies have reported that air pollution is a risk factor for type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM).The aim of this systematic review and meta・analysis is to summarize the evidence about the association between exposure to air pollution andT2DM in developing countries.Methods The databases,including PubMed,EMBASE and Web of Science,were systematically searched for studies published up to 31 March 2022.Studies about the association between air pollution andT2DM prevalence or incidence in developing countries were included.The odds ratio(OR)was used as effect estimate.We synthesized the included studies in the meta-analysis.Results We included 8 cross-sectional studies and 8 cohort studies,all conducted in developing countries.Meta-analysis of 8 studies on PM_(2.5)(particulate matter ≤2.5 μm in diameter)showed that T2DM prevalence was significantly associated with PM_(2.5)exposure(OR=1.12;95%CI:1.07,1.17;P<0.001).The association between air pollutants andT2DM incidence was not estimated due to the limited relevant studies.Conclusions The exposure to PM_(2.5)would be positively associated with an increased prevalence of T2DM in developing countries.Some effective measures should be taken to reduce air pollutant exposure in people who are vulnerable to diabetes.

Zhang Weishe n:A Pion eer in the Developme nt and In dustrial Production of Penicillin in New China

The research and development of penicillin started with dificulty before 1949 and achieved certain results.In 1951,after the founding of the People’ s Republic of China,Zhang Weishen,as the only Chinese scientist who had been trained and worked in a penicillin research and development center in the United States for many years,overcame many difficulties and returned to China.In 1953,with the efforts of Zhang Weishen and his colleagues,China realized the industrialized production of penicillin,alleviating the urgent needs of the masses.Antibiotics has also become the first discipline to achieve major scientific and technological achievements after the founding of the New China.In the mid-1950s,the technical breakthrough in the localization of lactose substitutes marked the localization of the raw materials of the penicillin-producing culture medium,which paved the way for the industrialized production of penicillin with Chinese characteristics.Antibiotics have become one of the most widely used and affordable drugs for hundreds of millions of patients in China,and China has since ended the humiliating history of the "Sick Man of East Asia".

Patient Blood Management:Single Center Evidence and Practice at Fuwai Hospital

Blood loss and blood transfusion requirement are important quality control indicators of cardiovascular surgery and cardiovascular anesthesia.Patient blood management(PBM)is an evidence-based,multidisciplinary approach to optimizing the care of patients who may need transfusion,which encompasses anemia management,hemodilution,cell salvage,hemostatic treatment,and other approaches to reducing bleeding and minimizing blood transfusion.PBM in cardiovascular surgery is a"team sport"that involves cardiac and vascular surgeons,anesthesiologists,perfusionist,intensivists,and other health care providers.The current work provides an overview of evidence and practice of PBM at Fuwai Hospital.Implementation of PBM should also take local resource availability and costeffectiveness of different devices,drugs,technologies,and techniques into consideration.

Effect of Focused Cardiac Ultrasound in Combination with Lung Ultrasound on Critically Ill Patients: A Multicenter Observational Study in China

Objective Focused cardiac ultrasound(FCU)and lung ultrasound(LU)are increasingly being used in critically ill patients.This study aimed to investigate the effect of FCU in combination with LU on these patients and to determine if the timing of ultrasound examination was associated with treatment change.Methods This is a multicenter cross-sectional observational study.Consecutive patients admitted to the intensive care unit(ICU)were screened for enrollment.FCU and LU were performed within the first 24 h,and treatment change was proposed by the performer based on the ultrasound results and other clinical conditions.Results Among the 992 patients included,502 were examined within 6 h of ICU admission(early phase group),and 490 were examined after 6 h of admission(later phase group).The early phase group and the later phase group had similar proportions of treatment change(48.8%vs.49.0%,χ^(2)=0.003,P=0.956).In the multivariable analysis,admission for respiratory failure was an independent variable associated with treatment change,with an odds ratio(OR)of 2.357[95%confidence interval(CI):1.284-4.326,P=0.006];the timing of examination was not associated with treatment change(OR=0.725,95%CI:0.407-1.291,P=0.275).Conclusions FCU in combination with LU,whether performed during the early phase or later phase,had a significant impact on the treatment of critically ill patients.Patients with respiratory failure were more likely to experience treatment change after the ultrasound examination.

The therapeutic mechanism of Shenyuan Gan in lipopolysaccharide-induced neuroinflammation in BV2 microglial cells

Objective To study the therapeutic effects of Shenyuan Gan(参远苷,SYG)on the inflammat-ory response in BV2 microglial cells induced by lipopolysaccharide(LPS).Methods The cytotoxicity of SYG to BV2 microglial cells was evaluated using a Cell Counting Kit-8(CCK-8)assay,and the effect of SYG concentrations on LPS-induced BV2 microglial cells was studied.The morphological changes were observed using an optical microscope.The nitric oxide(NO)concentration in cell culture supernatant was determined using Griess re-agent.The expression of cytokines and inflammatory mediators were also measured by an en-zyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).Western blot analysis was used to determine the levels of inducible NO synthase(iNOS),nuclear factor-kappa B(NF-κB)p65,alpha inhibitor of NF-κB(IκB-α),phosphorylation-IκB-α(p-IκB-α),NOD-like receptor 3(NLRP3),and cas-pase-1 expression.Moreover,the expression of iNOS,NLRP3,and ionized calcium binding adapter molecule 1(Iba1)was also observed using immunofluorescent staining.Results SYG had a low cytotoxic effect on BV2 microglial cells and could significantly decr-ease LPS-induced morphological changes of BV2 microglial cells(P<0.05).ELISA results showed that SYG significantly inhibited the LPS-induced increase in interleukin(IL)-1βand IL-6 in BV2 microglia cells(P<0.05),and Western blot analysis showed that the phosphoryla-tion levels of iNOS,NF-κB p65,and IκB-αas well as NLRP3 and caspase-1 expression were also significantly decreased,and IκB-αexpression was increased after SYG treatment(P<0.05,compared with the LPS-treated group).The immunofluorescence results were consist-ent with the Western blot results,and Iba1 staining indicated that the cell morphology tended to be resting.These results indicate that SYG has a certain inhibitory effect on LPS-induced inflammation in BV2 microglial cells.Conclusion SYG can inhibit LPS-induced release of inflammatory factors in BV2 microglial cells by affecting the phosphorylation levels of NF-κB p65 and IκB-α.SYG is a valuable candid-ate for treating neuroinflammation-related diseases.

BAG3-Related Myofibrillar Myopathy Presenting as Hypercapnia:A Case Report and Literature Review

Objective BAG3-related myopathy is a rare condition so far reported in twenty patients worldwide.The purpose of this study was to draw attention to this rare disease and to the fact that BAG3-related myopathy should be considered as a rare differential diagnosis of hypercapnia.Methods We report a sporadic case of a 14-year-old Chinese girl with a de novo p.Pro209 Leu mutation in BAG3 and reviewed the literatures for reported cases related to this mutation.Results We described a 14-year-old Chinese girl who presented with gradually appearing symptoms of hypercapnia that required assisted ventilation.The muscle biopsy and the blood whole-exome sequencing results confirmed the diagnosis of myofibrillar myopathy with a de novo p.Pro209 Leu mutation in BAG3.Totally twentyone patients from twenty families with a confirmed diagnosis of BAG3-related myopathy were reported to date,including this patient and literature review.The male to female ratio was 11:10 and most showed initial symptoms in the first decade of life.Most patients presented toe/clumsy walking or running as the onset symptom,followed by muscle weakness or atrophy.Creatine kinase levels were elevated in fourteen patients and were normal in three.Eighteen patients developed respiratory insufficiency during the disease course and thirteen(one could not tolerate non-invasive assisted ventilation)required non-invasive assisted ventilation for treatment.Except for one not reported,heart involvement was found in seventeen patients during the disease course and seven underwent heart transplantation.Z-disk streaming and aggregation could be observed in most of the patients’muscle histology.In the long-term follow-up,five patients died of cardiac or respiratory failure.Conclusion BAG3-associated myopathy is a rare type of myofibrillar myopathy.It should be considered as a rare differential diagnosis of hypercapnia.

Anesthesia Management at Fuwai Hospital:Practice,Evidence and Outcomes

Fuwai Hospital was established in 1956 and the Anesthesia Department of Fuwai Hospital was one of the earliest anesthesia departments then in China.Under the leadership of several department directors and with the concerted efforts of all generations of colleagues,the Anesthesia Department of Fuwai Hospital has dramatically transformed,upgraded and modernized.For more than six decades,the Anesthesia Department has been providing high-quality peri-operative anesthesia care for cardiovascular surgeries,conducting innovative experimental and clinical researches,and offering comprehensive training on cardiovascular anesthesiology for professionals across China.Currently,Fuwai Hospital is the National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases of China and one of the largest cardiovascular centers in the world.The present review introduces the Anesthesia Department of Fuwai Hospital,summarizes its current practice of anesthesia management,the outcomes of cardiovascular surgeries at Fuwai Hospital,accumulates relevant evidence,and provides prospects for future development of cardiovascular anesthesiology.

Comparison of Mortality Predictive Models of Sepsis Patients Based on Machine Learning

Objective To compare the performance of five machine learning models and SAPSⅡ score in predicting the 30-day mortality amongst patients with sepsis.Methods The sepsis patient-related data were extracted from the MIMIC-Ⅳ database.Clinical features were generated and selected by mutual information and grid search.Logistic regression,Random forest,LightGBM,XGBoost,and other machine learning models were constructed to predict the mortality probability.Five measurements including accuracy,precision,recall,F1 score,and area under curve(AUC) were acquired for model evaluation.An external validation was implemented to avoid conclusion bias.Results LightGBM outperformed other methods,achieving the highest AUC(0.900),accuracy(0.808),and precision(0.559).All machine learning models performed better than SAPSⅡ score(AUC=0.748).LightGBM achieved 0.883 in AUC in the external data validation.Conclusions The machine learning models are more effective in predicting the 30-day mortality of patients with sepsis than the traditional SAPS Ⅱ score.

The Great Imitator:Atypical Cutaneous Manifestations of Primary Syphilitic Chancre

Objective To analyze the reasons of misdiagnosis of primary syphilitic chancre and strengthen the understanding of atypical features of this disease.Methods A case series of twenty-seven challenging primary syphilis patients who were not immediately recognized as chancre was included in our study.The clinical data including the patients’age,sex,skin lesions,HIV status,syphilis serologic test results,treatment,and follow-up results were collected.Hematoxylin-eosin and immunohistochemistry staining of skin biopsy sections were reviewed.Results Four female cases with extragenital chancres presenting as erythema or erosive skin lesions on the nipple were misdiagnosed as Paget’s disease or eczema.The disorder of missed or misdiagnosed male cases manifested as syphilitic balanitis or multiple chancres on the penis root and adjacent pubis rather than coronal sulcus or frenum.Patients with nonreactive nontreponemal tests at initial presentation were also easily missed or misdiagnosed.Conclusion Primary syphilis presenting as multiple lesions rather than a single chancre,at atypical locations,or with a nonreactive nontreponemal test result,tends to be missed or misdiagnosed.

Government Provides Vigorous Supports to the Improvement of Health Care in Qinghai Province,China

Qinghai province is located in the northeastern part of the Tibetan Plateau,and is an underdeveloped province of inland China.Chinese government gives high priority to the improvement of the wellbeing of Qinghai people,and have provided great supports in aspects of policy,funding,and professional resource to the development of health care and medical system in Qinghai.Great progress has been made,and wellness of residents in Qinghai has been significantly improved.This article reviews the strategies and measures from central and provincial government in improving health care of Qinghai province under the leadership of the Communist Party of China.

External and Internal Validation of a Computer Assisted Diagnostic Model for Detecting Multi-Organ Mass Lesions in CT images

Objective We developed a universal lesion detector(ULDor)which showed good performance in in-lab experiments.The study aims to evaluate the performance and its ability to generalize in clinical setting via both external and internal validation.Methods The ULDor system consists of a convolutional neural network(CNN)trained on around 80 K lesion annotations from about 12 K CT studies in the DeepLesion dataset and 5 other public organ-specific datasets.During the validation process,the test sets include two parts:the external validation dataset which was comprised of 164 sets of non-contrasted chest and upper abdomen CT scans from a comprehensive hospital,and the internal validation dataset which was comprised of 187 sets of low-dose helical CT scans from the National Lung Screening Trial(NLST).We ran the model on the two test sets to output lesion detection.Three board-certified radiologists read the CT scans and verified the detection results of ULDor.We used positive predictive value(PPV)and sensitivity to evaluate the performance of the model in detecting space-occupying lesions at all extra-pulmonary organs visualized on CT images,including liver,kidney,pancreas,adrenal,spleen,esophagus,thyroid,lymph nodes,body wall,thoracic spine,etc.Results In the external validation,the lesion-level PPV and sensitivity of the model were 57.9%and 67.0%,respectively.On average,the model detected 2.1 findings per set,and among them,0.9 were false positives.ULDor worked well for detecting liver lesions,with a PPV of 78.9%and a sensitivity of 92.7%,followed by kidney,with a PPV of 70.0%and a sensitivity of 58.3%.In internal validation with NLST test set,ULDor obtained a PPV of 75.3%and a sensitivity of 52.0%despite the relatively high noise level of soft tissue on images.Conclusions The performance tests of ULDor with the external real-world data have shown its high effectiveness in multiple-purposed detection for lesions in certain organs.With further optimisation and iterative upgrades,ULDor may be well suited for extensive application to external data.

Vocabulary Alignment in the Continuation Task of Translation

Alignment effect in language research refers to the social cognition process in which people cooperate,adjust,and adapt to each other in interaction.Through empirical study,this paper explores alignment effect in the continuation task of translation(CTOT)and its possible influence on learning of English as foreign languge(EFL).The study was carried out by means of a CTOT.Participants were chosen from non-English major freshmen of similar capacity from a university in Guangzhou.They were divided into two groups,the experimental group(EG)and the control group(CG),with 13 students each.The students in EG were asked to carefully read some English-Chinese bilingual material.Then,the 26 participants were tasked with translating the paragraphs,which followed from Chinese into English.After that,they were asked to write down the words and expressions which they found difficult.Some of the participants were interviewed one month later for a deeper understanding of their memories of the vocabulary and their opinions on the CTOT.The data were analyzed by direct comparison and non-parametric test.The results showed that vocabulary alignment does occur in CTOT.The EG members tended to take advantage of words that appeared in the bilingual reading text.If multiple words from the reading appeared,with the same contextual meaning,they tended to choose the repeated words.As for influence of vocabulary alignment on EFL learning,it seemed that CTOT could not improve the quality of the translation itself,but could assist short-term vocabulary learning though no significant help to long-term vocabulary learning was revealed.The findings of this study provide support and explanation for some features and effects of CTOT,an important form of CT.However,the nature of CTOT itself,and its role in EFL learning deserve further research.

Aortic Valve Replacement for Patients with Heyde Syndrome:A Literature Review

Objective To explore the characteristics and clinical outcomes of patients with Heyde syndrome(HS)who undergo aortic valve replacement(AVR).Methods Electronic databases including Pub Med,Embase,Ovid,WANFANG,VIP and CNKI were searched to identify all case reports of HS patients undergoing AVR surgery,using different combinations of search terms"Heyde syndrome","gastrointestinal bleeding","aortic stenosis",and"surgery".Three authors independently extracted the clinical data including the patients’characteristics,aortic stenosis severity,gastrointestinal bleeding sites,surgical treatments and prognosis.Results Finally,46 case reports with 55 patients aging from 46 to 87 years,were determined eligible and included.Of them,1 patient had mild aortic stenosis,1 had moderate aortic stenosis,42 had severe aortic stenosis,and 11 were not mentioned.Gastrointestinal bleeding was detected in colon(n=8),jejunum(n=6),ileum(n=4),cecum(n=3),duodenal(n=3)and multiple sites(n=8).No specific bleeding site was identified in 23 patients.Preoperative hemoglobin level ranged from 43 to 117 g/L.All but one of 16 patients showed decreased level of high molecule weight von Willebrand factor.Of the 55 patients,43 underwent AVR,and 12 received transcatheter AVR.Aortic valves of 14 cases were replaced by mechanical valves,and 33 cases by biological valves.All patients recovered well during the follow-up,except 5 patients.One patient who had perivalvular leakage and gastrointestinal bleeding after AVR underwent the second AVR.Two patients had recurrent gastrointestinal bleeding.Two patients died of life-threatening acute subdural hematoma and multiple organ failure,respectively.Conclusions HS is a rare syndrome characterized by aortic stenosis and gastrointestinal bleeding.AVR is an effective treatment for HS.

治疗新冠中药中的小RNA可靶向新冠患者的差异基因

在中国, 80%以上的2019冠状病毒病(coronavirus disease 2019, COVID-19)患者接受了传统中药(traditional Chinese medicine, TCM)治疗,其临床疗效已有报道.然而,中药治疗新冠病毒病的潜在分子机制仍不清楚.此前研究发现,中药小RNA(small RNA, sRNA)是中药新的有效成分.本研究对22名采用透解祛瘟颗粒进行治疗的新冠病毒病患者进行了队列分析.观察到服用透解祛瘟颗粒后,数千种草药小RNA进入了患者血细胞中.与此相应,患者体内下调的新冠差异表达基因与血液中检测到的高丰度中药小RNA的预测靶基因高度相关.此外,本研究计算了本草数据库中245种中药饮片所含有的丰度最高的前30条小RNA的预测靶基因占新冠病毒病患者的337个上调差异表达基因的比例,其中33种中药饮片的预测靶点所占比例超过了50%,这些中药饮片被认为是治疗COVID-19潜在的有效饮片.其中,来自橘红、瓜蒌皮与佛手的丰度最高的前30条小RNA的预测靶基因被实验证实.本研究不仅阐明了中药对新冠病毒病患者临床疗效的新的分子机制,也为新冠治疗处方的优化提供了科学依据.