利用ERA5再分析资料、乌鲁木齐机场微波辐射计资料、机场报文分析2021年7月30日~31日乌鲁木齐机场降雨天气形势。结果表明:1) 此次降水天气受乌拉尔山大槽东移南下影响产生,槽后北风带强,持续有冷空气补充;槽前西南气流强盛,为降水提供...利用ERA5再分析资料、乌鲁木齐机场微波辐射计资料、机场报文分析2021年7月30日~31日乌鲁木齐机场降雨天气形势。结果表明:1) 此次降水天气受乌拉尔山大槽东移南下影响产生,槽后北风带强,持续有冷空气补充;槽前西南气流强盛,为降水提供充足的水汽;高空槽移动速度缓慢,为新疆地区带来了较长时间的持续降雨。2) 低层辐合上升、中层辐散下沉的配置为降水提供了动力条件;相对湿度大值区持续时间长,为机场持续性降水提供了良好的水汽条件。3) 微波辐射计可以较好的展现机场上空垂直方向上水汽的时间变化特征。The rain weather situation of Urumqi Airport from July 30 to 31, 2021 was analyzed by using ERA5 reanalysis data, microwave radiometer data of Urumqi Airport and airport messages. The results show that: 1) the precipitation was influenced by the eastward and southward movement of the Great Ural Trough, and the north wind belt behind the trough was strong and cold air continued to supplement. The southwest airflow in front of the trough is strong, which provides sufficient water vapor for precipitation. The trough moved slowly, bringing a long period of continuous rainfall to Xinjiang. 2) The configuration of convergence rising in low layer and divergence sinking in middle layer provided dynamic conditions for precipitation. The relative humidity high value area lasts for a long time, which provides good water vapor conditions for the continuous precipitation at the airport. 3) The microwave radiometer can better display the temporal variation characteristics of water vapor in the vertical direction over the airport.展开更多
利用风云四号A星TBB资料、AWOS系统降水资料、微波辐射计资料及多普勒天气雷达资料对2023年1月11日~13日乌鲁木齐机场一次高影响降雪天气进行研究。结果表明:1) TBB值的变化对降雪天气的短时临近预报有较好的指示意义,降雪前TBB值骤降...利用风云四号A星TBB资料、AWOS系统降水资料、微波辐射计资料及多普勒天气雷达资料对2023年1月11日~13日乌鲁木齐机场一次高影响降雪天气进行研究。结果表明:1) TBB值的变化对降雪天气的短时临近预报有较好的指示意义,降雪前TBB值骤降预示着降雪的开始,在降雪过程中,TBB值减小对应降雪强度加强,二TBB值骤增则预示着降雪将结束。2) 雷达回波整体连续,中心范围增大,强度增强时,降水明显上升,并稳定维持;回波减弱消散时,对应降水减弱并结束。3) 微波辐射计可以展现降水过程中垂直方向连续的水汽动态变化,对降水天气的临近预报有较好的辅助参考作用。Using TBB data from Fengyun-4A satellite, precipitation data from AWOS system, microwave radiometer data, and Doppler weather radar data, this study investigates a snowfall event at Urumqi Airport from January 11~13, 2023. The results show that: 1) The change of TBB value has a good indicator significance for the short-time forecast of snowfall weather. The sudden drop of TBB value before snowfall indicates the beginning of snowfall, the decrease of TBB value during snowfall corresponds to the strengthening of snowfall intensity, and the sudden increase of TBB value indicates the end of snowfall. 2) When the radar echo is continuous as a whole, the center range is increased, and the intensity is increased, the precipitation rises obviously and remains stable;When the echo weakens and dissipates, the corresponding precipitation weakens and ends. 3) The microwave radiometer can show the continuous dynamic change of water vapor in the vertical direction during the precipitation process, which has a good auxiliary reference for the precipitation weather forecast.展开更多
利用197-2014年GLDAS-CLM(Global Land Data Assimilation System-the Community Land Model)地表参量数据集、中国区域逐日观测资料格点化数据集(CN05.1)和ERA-nterim大气环流再分析数据,研究青藏高原5月(春季)土壤湿度的异常变化特征...利用197-2014年GLDAS-CLM(Global Land Data Assimilation System-the Community Land Model)地表参量数据集、中国区域逐日观测资料格点化数据集(CN05.1)和ERA-nterim大气环流再分析数据,研究青藏高原5月(春季)土壤湿度的异常变化特征与6月高原地表热通量的相关关系以及土壤湿度异常与我国夏季(7月)降水的联系和可能机理。结果表明:(1)1979-2014年5月青藏高原0~10 cm区域平均土壤湿度异常偏高年有2000,2001,2004,2005,2006和2013年;异常偏低年有1994,1995,1996,1998和1999年。高原整体土壤湿度2000年前较2000年后干燥。从空间分布来看,藏北高原、三江源地区以及藏南谷地土壤湿度偏高年较偏低年有明显增加,且结果通过了90%的置信度检验。(2)高原5月土壤湿度的异常变化与中国夏季的降水分布存在明显的相关关系,当青藏高原土壤较为湿润(干燥)时,从高纬至低纬地区,相关区呈现"正负正负"("负正负正")带状分布特点。(3)5月高原土壤异常湿润时,6月高原东部感热通量和西部的潜热通量异常增加,其共同作用会加强其大气低层辐合环流和大气高层辐散环流,使整个东亚中高纬地区850 hPa以上受强反气旋环流控制;高原东北部500 hPa及以上为反气旋环流,南部和西部为气旋性环流,环流场配置会使南亚高压加强东移,加强西太平洋副热带高压。(4)7月西太平洋副热带高压北侧黄淮地区伴有垂直上升运动,暖湿气流与东北冷涡西侧南下的干冷气流汇合,高层辐散配合低层辐合有利于黄淮地区降水。西北东部和华北区域由反气旋性环流控制,伴有较强的下沉运动,空气干冷,无充足的水汽输送,不利降水产生。展开更多
文摘利用ERA5再分析资料、乌鲁木齐机场微波辐射计资料、机场报文分析2021年7月30日~31日乌鲁木齐机场降雨天气形势。结果表明:1) 此次降水天气受乌拉尔山大槽东移南下影响产生,槽后北风带强,持续有冷空气补充;槽前西南气流强盛,为降水提供充足的水汽;高空槽移动速度缓慢,为新疆地区带来了较长时间的持续降雨。2) 低层辐合上升、中层辐散下沉的配置为降水提供了动力条件;相对湿度大值区持续时间长,为机场持续性降水提供了良好的水汽条件。3) 微波辐射计可以较好的展现机场上空垂直方向上水汽的时间变化特征。The rain weather situation of Urumqi Airport from July 30 to 31, 2021 was analyzed by using ERA5 reanalysis data, microwave radiometer data of Urumqi Airport and airport messages. The results show that: 1) the precipitation was influenced by the eastward and southward movement of the Great Ural Trough, and the north wind belt behind the trough was strong and cold air continued to supplement. The southwest airflow in front of the trough is strong, which provides sufficient water vapor for precipitation. The trough moved slowly, bringing a long period of continuous rainfall to Xinjiang. 2) The configuration of convergence rising in low layer and divergence sinking in middle layer provided dynamic conditions for precipitation. The relative humidity high value area lasts for a long time, which provides good water vapor conditions for the continuous precipitation at the airport. 3) The microwave radiometer can better display the temporal variation characteristics of water vapor in the vertical direction over the airport.
文摘利用风云四号A星TBB资料、AWOS系统降水资料、微波辐射计资料及多普勒天气雷达资料对2023年1月11日~13日乌鲁木齐机场一次高影响降雪天气进行研究。结果表明:1) TBB值的变化对降雪天气的短时临近预报有较好的指示意义,降雪前TBB值骤降预示着降雪的开始,在降雪过程中,TBB值减小对应降雪强度加强,二TBB值骤增则预示着降雪将结束。2) 雷达回波整体连续,中心范围增大,强度增强时,降水明显上升,并稳定维持;回波减弱消散时,对应降水减弱并结束。3) 微波辐射计可以展现降水过程中垂直方向连续的水汽动态变化,对降水天气的临近预报有较好的辅助参考作用。Using TBB data from Fengyun-4A satellite, precipitation data from AWOS system, microwave radiometer data, and Doppler weather radar data, this study investigates a snowfall event at Urumqi Airport from January 11~13, 2023. The results show that: 1) The change of TBB value has a good indicator significance for the short-time forecast of snowfall weather. The sudden drop of TBB value before snowfall indicates the beginning of snowfall, the decrease of TBB value during snowfall corresponds to the strengthening of snowfall intensity, and the sudden increase of TBB value indicates the end of snowfall. 2) When the radar echo is continuous as a whole, the center range is increased, and the intensity is increased, the precipitation rises obviously and remains stable;When the echo weakens and dissipates, the corresponding precipitation weakens and ends. 3) The microwave radiometer can show the continuous dynamic change of water vapor in the vertical direction during the precipitation process, which has a good auxiliary reference for the precipitation weather forecast.
文摘利用197-2014年GLDAS-CLM(Global Land Data Assimilation System-the Community Land Model)地表参量数据集、中国区域逐日观测资料格点化数据集(CN05.1)和ERA-nterim大气环流再分析数据,研究青藏高原5月(春季)土壤湿度的异常变化特征与6月高原地表热通量的相关关系以及土壤湿度异常与我国夏季(7月)降水的联系和可能机理。结果表明:(1)1979-2014年5月青藏高原0~10 cm区域平均土壤湿度异常偏高年有2000,2001,2004,2005,2006和2013年;异常偏低年有1994,1995,1996,1998和1999年。高原整体土壤湿度2000年前较2000年后干燥。从空间分布来看,藏北高原、三江源地区以及藏南谷地土壤湿度偏高年较偏低年有明显增加,且结果通过了90%的置信度检验。(2)高原5月土壤湿度的异常变化与中国夏季的降水分布存在明显的相关关系,当青藏高原土壤较为湿润(干燥)时,从高纬至低纬地区,相关区呈现"正负正负"("负正负正")带状分布特点。(3)5月高原土壤异常湿润时,6月高原东部感热通量和西部的潜热通量异常增加,其共同作用会加强其大气低层辐合环流和大气高层辐散环流,使整个东亚中高纬地区850 hPa以上受强反气旋环流控制;高原东北部500 hPa及以上为反气旋环流,南部和西部为气旋性环流,环流场配置会使南亚高压加强东移,加强西太平洋副热带高压。(4)7月西太平洋副热带高压北侧黄淮地区伴有垂直上升运动,暖湿气流与东北冷涡西侧南下的干冷气流汇合,高层辐散配合低层辐合有利于黄淮地区降水。西北东部和华北区域由反气旋性环流控制,伴有较强的下沉运动,空气干冷,无充足的水汽输送,不利降水产生。