关于中国人力资源开发问题的探讨——访“人力”专家肖承祥先生

1986年7月7日,我访问了在美国赫斯特街口“老年人活动中心”的海外侨胞肖承祥先生。他是“人力专家”,我们就中国人力资源开发问题作过交谈,现将他的若干见解介绍于后。把十亿人力都开发出来就是国力的表现肖先生是江西人,对祖国、家乡和亲人有着眷念之情。他是技术专家,尤其关心祖国的现代化经济建设。他毕业于前中央大学物理系,研究电化冶金。四十年代来美国留学,现已年迈七旬。十五年前退休后侨居美国。退休前曾在联合国国际劳工局任职,职衔是“人力专家”。他曾帮助台湾和菲律宾制定过发展计划,着重是人力开发与训练计划。

Social Security Development in China and Its Support to Economic Transition

In 70 years since the founding of the People’s Republic of China,China has successfully transitioned from a closed economy to an open economy with the watershed year of reform and opening up in 1978 and modernized its social security system accordingly.This paper divides the transition of China’s social security system into seven stages before and after 1978.The traditional social security system was predicated on the dominant public ownership,a highly centralized economy,and“full employment.”It was congruous with the ownership structure,income distribution,and labor systems under the closed economy.The modern social security system is developed to meet the needs of an open economy and promotes economic development by giving play to consumption and investment,facilitating labor flow,and boosting productivity.The modern social security system requires further supply-side structural reforms to promote the high-quality development of the open economy.

一九九一年美国行政法案件摘译

行政机关的一个显著特征是它拥有审判上的权力。行使着审判权力的行政机关如何与法院相区别呢?实际上,行政机构被赋予了传统上是由法官行使的职能,并没有使其成为一个“法院”;它依然保持着行政身份。在近半个世纪前一个有代表性的案件的裁决中,新泽西州最高法院首席法官王德尔彼特确切地指出,一个被赋予司法权的行政机构在相应宪法规定的意义上,并不是一个“初级法院”.这里所说的行政机构。