马铃薯蛋白的分离及氨基酸组成分析

为了从马铃薯淀粉加工分离汁水中回收具有天然活性的蛋白,以Amberlite XAD7HP树脂作为吸附剂对扩张床吸附进行研究,并分析回收蛋白的氨基酸组成。结果表明:XAD7HP可以实现Patatin蛋白和蛋白酶抑制剂的分离,分离到的马铃薯蛋白酶抑制剂的胰蛋白酶抑制活力为410 mg/g。回收的马铃薯蛋白酶抑制剂Ser、Leu、Glu的含量分别为13.2、9.14、8.14 g/100 g,且必需氨基酸占总氨基酸的40.80%,疏水氨基酸Ile、Leu、Val、Phe和Tyr的含量也比较高。

Thermal Oxidative Degradation and Ageing Performance of Silicone Rubber Filled with Attapulgite

The natural attapulgite(NAPT)was disaggregated by high-pressure homogenization technology combined with extrusion process to prepare the attapulgite with disaggregated rod crystal bundles(DAPT)and large specific surface area of 133.7 m^(2)/g.NAPT and DAPT were incorporated into the silicone rubber to obtain the composite NAPTSR and DAPT-SR by mechanical blending method,respectively.After thermal oxidative ageing at 300℃ for 0.5 h,temperature for the 5%weight loss increased greatly from 385℃ of the neat silicone rubber to 396-399℃ with addition of NAPT and DAPT.NAPT and DAPT enhanced the interaction between the filler nanoparticles and rubber matrix thus inhibited the nanoparticle agglomeration.The conservation rate of the side methyl group in NAPT-SR and DAPT-SR was greatly improved after ageing.Therefore,the thermal oxidative degradation and ageing performance of the silicone rubber composites was significantly reinforced.Moreover,DAPT could greatly restrain the growth of nanoparticles after ageing.Therefore,DAPT-SR showed the better retention of tensile strength(40.6%),elongation at break(34.9%)and tear strength(30.1%)compared with the corresponding mechanical properties of the neat silicone rubber(10.6%,7.4%,and 5.0%)after ageing.

中国马铃薯主食化面临的问题及解决方法（英文）

农业部宣布马铃薯将成为中国新的主食,马铃薯块茎富含淀粉,高品质蛋白、重要维生素、矿物质和微量元素,然而,将马铃薯升级为中国的主食需要从文化、技术、环境和经济等方面解决很多问题。克服这些困难需要借鉴国内外的经验和技术,以牺牲生态环境为代价扩大马铃薯种植面积是不可取的。内蒙古、西北和西南地区作为中国马铃薯主产区,不适合继续扩大马铃薯种植面积,因为已经导致了草原荒漠化和水土流失等问题,政府已经提出要退耕还草或者退耕还林。在中国南部,利用冬闲田种植马铃薯,是最值得推崇的增加中国马铃薯产量的方法,也是最值得政府推广的方法。另外,将马铃薯开发成中国特色的主食如面条和馒头,使用脱水马铃薯泥作为半成品原料,提高马铃薯块茎的干物质含量,采用低温干燥方式将马铃薯加工成半成品原料等技术问题需要解决。