Research progress on the correlation between aqueous humor components and pathogenesis and postoperative complications in patients with different types of cataracts

Aqueous humor provides the necessary nutrition for the lens and transports the metabolites in the eye.It was a liquid that can directly reflect the microenvironment in the eye'and it can be easily obtained during the operation.This review intended to analyze the components of aqueous humor in patients with different types of cataracts'so as to reflect the pathogenesis and development of the disease'evaluate the incidence of postoperative complications and provide reference value for the surgical design of sequential cataract surgery.The aqueous humor components of different types of cataracts showed different degrees of inflammation'oxidative stress and extracellular matrix remodeling.The biomarker of early neuropathy in diabetic cataract was neural cell adhesion molecule-1(NCAM1).Transforming growth factor-β(TGF-β)was the evaluation factor of disease development in patients with pseudoexfoliation syndrome.The relationships between postoperative complications of different types of cataracts and aqueous humor components were as follows:Macular edema after diabetic cataract surgery was associated with tumor necrosis factor-alpha;capsular contraction after high myopic cataract surgery was related to monocyte chemoattractant protein-1(MCP-1)and TGF-β2;Klotho and glutathione S-transferase P 1(GSTP1)were associated with high intraocular pressure after primary open-angle glaucoma complicated by cataract surgery;capsular contraction after retinitis pigmentosa complicated by cataract surgery was associated with matrix metalloproteinases;pro-inflammatory cytokines and fibroblast growth factor 4 in the aqueous humor of congenital cataracts were associated with posterior capsular opacification after surgery.Granulocyte colony stimulating factor 3 and MCP-1 were the main cytokines mediating the pain of the second eye in the binocular sequential cataract surgery short interval(1 wk)'while MCP-1 mediated pain in the long interval(6 wk).The second eye after binocular sequential cataract surgery had a higher level of proinflammatory factors.The components of aqueous humor in patients with different types of cataracts were related to the pathogenesis and postoperative complications of the disease.Monitoring the components of the aqueous humor could help better understand the intraocular microenvironment of different types of cataracts and provide a reference for predicting the development of the disease and implementing relevant targeted therapy.

CRAO患者黄斑区视网膜血管密度及其与视网膜循环时间的关系

目的:利用光学相干断层扫描血管成像(OCTA)观察视网膜中央动脉阻塞(CRAO)急性期患者黄斑区视网膜血管密度,并分析其与眼底荧光素血管造影(FFA)视网膜循环时间的关系。方法:回顾性病例分析。纳入2019-01/2021-03就诊于陕西省眼科医院且临床诊断为CRAO急性期(病程≤7d)的患者43例43眼,均行FFA、OCTA、最佳矫正视力(BCVA)等检查及溶栓治疗。将治疗前OCTA显示患眼视网膜血管血流信号较对侧健眼增强或不变的患者纳入A组,OCTA显示患眼视网膜血管血流信号较对侧健眼降低的患者纳入B组。应用Image J软件处理OCTA图像评估治疗前黄斑区视网膜血管密度,FFA检查记录治疗前患眼视网膜循环时间。结果:A组患者患眼和对侧健眼视网膜血管密度均高于B组(25.08%±4.40%vs 12.24%±3.41%,25.72%±2.70%vs 17.89%±4.55%,均P<0.001),B组患者视网膜动脉主干-末梢充盈时间(FT)[96(20.50,193.50)s]较A组[11(5.00,19.50)s]延长(P<0.001)。病程、对侧健眼视网膜血管密度、FT是患眼视网膜血管密度的相关因素(均P<0.05),且影响强度由大到小依次是FT、病程、对侧健眼视网膜血管密度,其中病程、FT与患眼视网膜血管密度具有负相关性。结论:CRAO患者OCTA视网膜血管密度与FFA视网膜循环时间具有相关性。