A styryl phosphonate ester(SPE) collector was used to improve the flotation performance of ilmenite, and the adsorption mechanism and model were revealed and established, respectively. Microflotation tests showed that...A styryl phosphonate ester(SPE) collector was used to improve the flotation performance of ilmenite, and the adsorption mechanism and model were revealed and established, respectively. Microflotation tests showed that SPE exhibited a stronger collecting ability for ilmenite than the traditional collector styrene phosphonic acid(SPA). Zeta potential measurements revealed that both SPE and SPA could negatively shift the zeta potential of ilmenite, while SPE had more effects than SPA, suggesting the stronger adsorption of SPE. The analysis of X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy confirmed the chemisorption of SPA and SPE onto the Fe/Ti sites of ilmenite. According to frontier orbital theory, the chemical activities of SPE are greater than those of SPA. The partial densities of states analysis indicated that the PO—H groups of the collectors could interact with the Ti/Fe atoms of the ilmenite surface to generate a stable four-membered ring. The bonding model of the collector and(104) ilmenite surface showed that the adsorption energy of SPE was higher than that of SPA. Overall, SPE presented a better collecting ability and interaction effect for ilmenite flotation than SPA, and had the potential to replace SPA in the industry.展开更多
Limited information is available on long-term effects of metal(loid)s pollution incidents. Here, we analyze the distribution characteristics and quantification of elements in the Southwest China Keda mining site, whic...Limited information is available on long-term effects of metal(loid)s pollution incidents. Here, we analyze the distribution characteristics and quantification of elements in the Southwest China Keda mining site, which is one of the most populated sites and enables human health and ecological risk assessments of elemental pollution. The results on modified degree of contamination indicated that the soil and sediment were highly contaminated near Dahu Lake.The health risk of children was almost 2.5 times that of adults in surface water, and 7.1 times in soil, respectively.Moreover, Tl and As were the main health risk contributors in surface water and soil, respectively, and As posed the highest ecological risk both in soil and sediment. These results indicated the potential impact of toxic metal(loid)s on the health of residents and environment. Hence, more scientific attention and proper management need to be paid to this environmental challenge in the future.展开更多
Payments for ecosystem services(PES) are one kind of important tool for environmental protection, and have been widely studied by international scholars and conservationists. Based various definitions of PES from rece...Payments for ecosystem services(PES) are one kind of important tool for environmental protection, and have been widely studied by international scholars and conservationists. Based various definitions of PES from recent articles, we have outlined four principles for PES: parity, measurability, additionality and conditionality, and then have used these principles to develop a formula to calculate a standard for PES. Finding a way to use PES to achieve a win-win relationship between economic growth and environmental protection in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region(BTHR) is a key task for Chinese government. Synergetic development of BTHR has become a national strategy, like The Belt and Road Initiative. This article employed the formula we developed to calculate the net horizontal PES amounts that each provincial government within BTHR should pay. Our findings show that Beijing should have paid 10.44×10~9 Yuan(0.4% of Beijing’s GRP) and Tianjin 16.56×109 Yuan(0.93% of Tianjin’s GRP) to Hebei in 2016.展开更多
The reintroduction of rare and endangered species is one of the most important approaches to conservation and ecosystem restoration,but it has still proven to be an adventurous undertaking and most reintroduction prog...The reintroduction of rare and endangered species is one of the most important approaches to conservation and ecosystem restoration,but it has still proven to be an adventurous undertaking and most reintroduction programmes fail,so successful demonstrations are needed.Père David’s deer(Elaphurus davidianus,Milu in Chinese)could be considered one of conservation’s great success stories,as this species’path on the road to extinction has been reversed by a combination of ex-situ conservation and successful re-introduction in China.The species had been consigned to an imperial hunting ground when the last Chinese herds were exterminated during the fall of the Qing Dynasty(1644-1912).Fortunately,a few of the last remaining individuals were sent to European zoos.From these animals,a herd was bred on the 14;Duke of Bedford’s estate,Woburn Abbey,and between 1985and 1987,and 38 Milu were donated back to China for re-introduction in Beijing Milu Park(BMP),the former imperial hunting ground.An additional 39 deer were released at Dafeng National Nature Reserve(DFNNR),Jiangsu Province in 1986.In both of these safe and protected locations,the Milu thrived allowing for over 700 Milu to be sent to a further 82 sites throughout the species’original Chinese range over the last 36 years.As a result,the Milu population totaled 9136 by 2021,with 2855 individuals now living back in the wild;while another 5681 individuals inhabit the DFNNR,and 186 reside in BMP.Wild Milu,however,still face significant conservation challenges.The population lacks genetic diversity,leading to severe inbreeding depression and carrying multiple risks,such as high miscarriage rates,a reduced lifespan,and susceptibility to disease.Environmental constraints such as pollution and habitat fragmentation further result in small,fragmented wild populations.Moreover,the species currently lacks a national level conservation master plan,the associated coordinated monitoring platforms,and breeding plans for China’s captive populations.Finally,there is now a lack of international cooperation in the conservation of this species.We therefore call for both a national-level conservation master plan in China and international cooperation to develop a shared database and germplasm databank covering Milu across all countries with ex-situ populations,as crucial steps for securing the long-term conservation of Milu and preventing it from ever becoming“extinct in the wild”again.展开更多
基金the support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.51904214 and 51804238)the Young Elite Scientists Sponsorship Program by CAST(No.YESS20200276)+3 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province,China(No.ZRMS2021000085)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,China(No.2021IVA039)the Open Foundation of State Key Laboratory of Mineral Processing,BGRIMM Technology,China(Nos.BGRIMM-KJSKL-202122 and BGRIMM-KJSKL-2022-02)the Open Project of Engineering Research Center of Phosphorus Resources Development and Utilization of Ministry of Education,China(No.201904)。
文摘A styryl phosphonate ester(SPE) collector was used to improve the flotation performance of ilmenite, and the adsorption mechanism and model were revealed and established, respectively. Microflotation tests showed that SPE exhibited a stronger collecting ability for ilmenite than the traditional collector styrene phosphonic acid(SPA). Zeta potential measurements revealed that both SPE and SPA could negatively shift the zeta potential of ilmenite, while SPE had more effects than SPA, suggesting the stronger adsorption of SPE. The analysis of X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy confirmed the chemisorption of SPA and SPE onto the Fe/Ti sites of ilmenite. According to frontier orbital theory, the chemical activities of SPE are greater than those of SPA. The partial densities of states analysis indicated that the PO—H groups of the collectors could interact with the Ti/Fe atoms of the ilmenite surface to generate a stable four-membered ring. The bonding model of the collector and(104) ilmenite surface showed that the adsorption energy of SPE was higher than that of SPA. Overall, SPE presented a better collecting ability and interaction effect for ilmenite flotation than SPA, and had the potential to replace SPA in the industry.
基金supported by the Changsha Municipal Natural Science Foundation,China,(No.kq2202233)the Science and Technology Program of Guangdong Forestry Administration,China(No.2020-KYXM-08)+2 种基金the Major Science and Technology Program for Water Pollution Control and Treatment,China(No.2017ZX07101003)the National Key Research and Development Project of China(No.2019YFC1804800)the Pearl River S&T Nova Program of Guangzhou,China(No.201710010065)。
文摘Limited information is available on long-term effects of metal(loid)s pollution incidents. Here, we analyze the distribution characteristics and quantification of elements in the Southwest China Keda mining site, which is one of the most populated sites and enables human health and ecological risk assessments of elemental pollution. The results on modified degree of contamination indicated that the soil and sediment were highly contaminated near Dahu Lake.The health risk of children was almost 2.5 times that of adults in surface water, and 7.1 times in soil, respectively.Moreover, Tl and As were the main health risk contributors in surface water and soil, respectively, and As posed the highest ecological risk both in soil and sediment. These results indicated the potential impact of toxic metal(loid)s on the health of residents and environment. Hence, more scientific attention and proper management need to be paid to this environmental challenge in the future.
基金Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(XDA19030104)National Key Research and Development Programme of China(2017 YFA0603004)
文摘Payments for ecosystem services(PES) are one kind of important tool for environmental protection, and have been widely studied by international scholars and conservationists. Based various definitions of PES from recent articles, we have outlined four principles for PES: parity, measurability, additionality and conditionality, and then have used these principles to develop a formula to calculate a standard for PES. Finding a way to use PES to achieve a win-win relationship between economic growth and environmental protection in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region(BTHR) is a key task for Chinese government. Synergetic development of BTHR has become a national strategy, like The Belt and Road Initiative. This article employed the formula we developed to calculate the net horizontal PES amounts that each provincial government within BTHR should pay. Our findings show that Beijing should have paid 10.44×10~9 Yuan(0.4% of Beijing’s GRP) and Tianjin 16.56×109 Yuan(0.93% of Tianjin’s GRP) to Hebei in 2016.
文摘The reintroduction of rare and endangered species is one of the most important approaches to conservation and ecosystem restoration,but it has still proven to be an adventurous undertaking and most reintroduction programmes fail,so successful demonstrations are needed.Père David’s deer(Elaphurus davidianus,Milu in Chinese)could be considered one of conservation’s great success stories,as this species’path on the road to extinction has been reversed by a combination of ex-situ conservation and successful re-introduction in China.The species had been consigned to an imperial hunting ground when the last Chinese herds were exterminated during the fall of the Qing Dynasty(1644-1912).Fortunately,a few of the last remaining individuals were sent to European zoos.From these animals,a herd was bred on the 14;Duke of Bedford’s estate,Woburn Abbey,and between 1985and 1987,and 38 Milu were donated back to China for re-introduction in Beijing Milu Park(BMP),the former imperial hunting ground.An additional 39 deer were released at Dafeng National Nature Reserve(DFNNR),Jiangsu Province in 1986.In both of these safe and protected locations,the Milu thrived allowing for over 700 Milu to be sent to a further 82 sites throughout the species’original Chinese range over the last 36 years.As a result,the Milu population totaled 9136 by 2021,with 2855 individuals now living back in the wild;while another 5681 individuals inhabit the DFNNR,and 186 reside in BMP.Wild Milu,however,still face significant conservation challenges.The population lacks genetic diversity,leading to severe inbreeding depression and carrying multiple risks,such as high miscarriage rates,a reduced lifespan,and susceptibility to disease.Environmental constraints such as pollution and habitat fragmentation further result in small,fragmented wild populations.Moreover,the species currently lacks a national level conservation master plan,the associated coordinated monitoring platforms,and breeding plans for China’s captive populations.Finally,there is now a lack of international cooperation in the conservation of this species.We therefore call for both a national-level conservation master plan in China and international cooperation to develop a shared database and germplasm databank covering Milu across all countries with ex-situ populations,as crucial steps for securing the long-term conservation of Milu and preventing it from ever becoming“extinct in the wild”again.