Background,aim,and scope The tectonic uplift of the Cenozoic Tibetan Plateau has produced a chain effect,which is an excellent location for Earth system science research,and its uplift process,mechanism and environmen...Background,aim,and scope The tectonic uplift of the Cenozoic Tibetan Plateau has produced a chain effect,which is an excellent location for Earth system science research,and its uplift process,mechanism and environmental effects are the hot spot and frontier of the current research.The“Tibetan Plateau uplift-weathering-CO_(2) concentration-global climate change”model was put forward by Raymo and Ruddiman to interpret the Late Cenozoic climate change.However,there are still some questions suspended,such as does the weathering of the Tibetan Plateau have the ability to control the global climate?How to explain the modern-like global CO_(2) concentration starting at about 24 Ma?Here,a short space was taken to present a brainstorm about the above questions on account of existing geological pieces of evidence.Materials and methods In this paper,we integrate the formation and evolution of the Yangtze River and Pearl River,the origin and development of the Asian inland aridification-monsoon system,the Cenozoic tectonic uplift process of the Tibetan Plateau,and the westerly winds to discuss and analyze the relationship between the Cenozoic CO_(2) concentration changes and the uplift of the Tibetan Plateau and why the CO_(2) concentration similar to the present was formed at about 24 Ma.Results Similar correspondence of the surface uplift history of Xizang,other global mountains,and the declining CO_(2) concentration could support the theory Tibetan Plateau weathering inf luences CO_(2) concentration.Starting from 24 Ma,the most important character was the uplift and erosion of Xizang and Himalaya,collaborating with Ocean Iron Fertilization(OIF)together as an entity to control the atmospheric CO_(2) concentration because the great Asian rivers,Asian monsoons,and westerlies connected Xizang and surrounded seas together through materials transportation.Discussion Paleogeographic reconstructions from 40 Ma to 20 Ma illustrate that the main topographic change occurred in the Andes,Cordillera orogenic belt,and Xizang.We comprise a comprehensive set of evidence from independent data,which correspond temporally with the tipping point(about 24 Ma)of the atmospheric CO_(2) and we noticed that modern-like Asia monsoon,inland aridity,Asian great rivers,and climate zone formed at about 24 Ma and also there are tectonic activities for the Andes and Rockies.We raised the possibility that the modern-like atmospheric CO_(2) concentration at about 24 Ma was caused by the above geological factors.Here the rivers,monsoon,and westerlies are termed as“connectors”.In addition,these Asian rivers originated from Xizang,the monsoon,and inner Asian aridification are strongly a function of the uplift and growth of Xizang,thus,Xizang here is named as“trigger”.The distinct character of“trigger-connectors”model is that this not only takes the monsoon,westerlies,and the global great rivers into consideration but also expands the range which inf luences atmospheric CO_(2) concentration,from local points to a vast area since about 24 Ma,such as from Tibetan Plateau to Asia,including surrounded seas,after about 24 Ma.However,because the opening of the Late Oligocene-Early Miocene Antarctic periphery straits is highly coincident with the onset of modern-like global atmospheric CO_(2) concentration,we are forced to consider that they also had a significant impact on the reduction of atmospheric CO_(2) concentrations at this time.Conclusions“Trigger-connectors”was put forward to explain the Cenozoic CO_(2) variation,especially modern-like global CO_(2) concentration since about 24 Ma.Recommendations and perspectives Here we use the“trigger-connectors”model to explain the formation of modern-like CO_(2) concentrations starting at about 24 Ma,but there are still some problems.The most important premise for the“trigger-connectors”model is the constructed Cenozoic CO_(2) concentration record is reliable,which is the foundation of our hypothesis.In the future,potential improvements should focus on topographic reconstructions of Xizang and the global mountains.Here we have concentrated on Xizang in the considered timeslices but still,pay less attention to other global orogenic belts.Collaborations with geologist experts in those regions could provide valuable feedback to evaluate their potential role of them in CO_(2) evolution.What is more,considerable progress may be achieved with the addition and consideration of more and new geological data.展开更多
基金国家自然科学基金(41991323,U1902208)国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFFO801502)+5 种基金中科院战略先导项目(XDB26020301)青藏高原第二次科学考察(2019QZKK0704)云南省科技领军人才项目(202005AB160008)云南省基础研究计划项目重点项目(202301BF070001-005)兴滇英才支持计划Queensland-Chinese Academy of Sciences Collaborative Science Fund(045GJHZ2023001MI,QCAS036)。
基金国家自然科学基金项目“青藏高原东南缘晚更新世以来地球关键带演化过程”(42361144879)“青藏高原及周缘新生代大陆风化沉积记录研究”(41991323)+4 种基金青藏高原第二次综合科学考察研究任务七“高原生长与演化”专题四“碰撞以来古地理格局与构造地貌过程”(2019QZKK0704)云南省科技领军人才项目“建设云南省地球系统科学重点实验室”(202005AB160008)云南省基础研究计划项目重点项目“滇西南晚更新世和平文化人类植物利用及环境适应性”(202301BF070001-005)兴滇英才支持计划“滇西史前人类植物资源利用及其环境适应性”Queensland-Chinese Academy of Sciences Collaborative Science Fund“Past Asian-Australian MonsoonVariability”(QCAS036,045GJHZ2023001MI)。
文摘Background,aim,and scope The tectonic uplift of the Cenozoic Tibetan Plateau has produced a chain effect,which is an excellent location for Earth system science research,and its uplift process,mechanism and environmental effects are the hot spot and frontier of the current research.The“Tibetan Plateau uplift-weathering-CO_(2) concentration-global climate change”model was put forward by Raymo and Ruddiman to interpret the Late Cenozoic climate change.However,there are still some questions suspended,such as does the weathering of the Tibetan Plateau have the ability to control the global climate?How to explain the modern-like global CO_(2) concentration starting at about 24 Ma?Here,a short space was taken to present a brainstorm about the above questions on account of existing geological pieces of evidence.Materials and methods In this paper,we integrate the formation and evolution of the Yangtze River and Pearl River,the origin and development of the Asian inland aridification-monsoon system,the Cenozoic tectonic uplift process of the Tibetan Plateau,and the westerly winds to discuss and analyze the relationship between the Cenozoic CO_(2) concentration changes and the uplift of the Tibetan Plateau and why the CO_(2) concentration similar to the present was formed at about 24 Ma.Results Similar correspondence of the surface uplift history of Xizang,other global mountains,and the declining CO_(2) concentration could support the theory Tibetan Plateau weathering inf luences CO_(2) concentration.Starting from 24 Ma,the most important character was the uplift and erosion of Xizang and Himalaya,collaborating with Ocean Iron Fertilization(OIF)together as an entity to control the atmospheric CO_(2) concentration because the great Asian rivers,Asian monsoons,and westerlies connected Xizang and surrounded seas together through materials transportation.Discussion Paleogeographic reconstructions from 40 Ma to 20 Ma illustrate that the main topographic change occurred in the Andes,Cordillera orogenic belt,and Xizang.We comprise a comprehensive set of evidence from independent data,which correspond temporally with the tipping point(about 24 Ma)of the atmospheric CO_(2) and we noticed that modern-like Asia monsoon,inland aridity,Asian great rivers,and climate zone formed at about 24 Ma and also there are tectonic activities for the Andes and Rockies.We raised the possibility that the modern-like atmospheric CO_(2) concentration at about 24 Ma was caused by the above geological factors.Here the rivers,monsoon,and westerlies are termed as“connectors”.In addition,these Asian rivers originated from Xizang,the monsoon,and inner Asian aridification are strongly a function of the uplift and growth of Xizang,thus,Xizang here is named as“trigger”.The distinct character of“trigger-connectors”model is that this not only takes the monsoon,westerlies,and the global great rivers into consideration but also expands the range which inf luences atmospheric CO_(2) concentration,from local points to a vast area since about 24 Ma,such as from Tibetan Plateau to Asia,including surrounded seas,after about 24 Ma.However,because the opening of the Late Oligocene-Early Miocene Antarctic periphery straits is highly coincident with the onset of modern-like global atmospheric CO_(2) concentration,we are forced to consider that they also had a significant impact on the reduction of atmospheric CO_(2) concentrations at this time.Conclusions“Trigger-connectors”was put forward to explain the Cenozoic CO_(2) variation,especially modern-like global CO_(2) concentration since about 24 Ma.Recommendations and perspectives Here we use the“trigger-connectors”model to explain the formation of modern-like CO_(2) concentrations starting at about 24 Ma,but there are still some problems.The most important premise for the“trigger-connectors”model is the constructed Cenozoic CO_(2) concentration record is reliable,which is the foundation of our hypothesis.In the future,potential improvements should focus on topographic reconstructions of Xizang and the global mountains.Here we have concentrated on Xizang in the considered timeslices but still,pay less attention to other global orogenic belts.Collaborations with geologist experts in those regions could provide valuable feedback to evaluate their potential role of them in CO_(2) evolution.What is more,considerable progress may be achieved with the addition and consideration of more and new geological data.
基金国家自然科学基金重大项目(批准号:41991323)国家自然科学基金联合基金项目(批准号:U1902208)+6 种基金国家重点研发计划项目(批准号:2022YFFO801502)中国科学院(B类)战略性先导科技专项项目(批准号:XDB26020301)科技部第二次青藏高原综合考察研究项目(批准号:2019QZKK0704)云南省科技领军人才项目(批准号:202005AB160008)云南省基础研究计划项目重点项目(批准号:202301BF070001-005)兴滇英才支持计划项目Queensland-Chinese Academy of Sciences Collaborative Science Fund(批准号:QCAS036/045GJHZ2023001MI)共同资助。
基金supported by the Key Research and Development Program of Shaanxi Province (2020SF-425)the Open Research Fund of State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology,Institute of Earth Environment,CAS(SKLLQG1623)+1 种基金the Open Research Fund of Key Laboratory of Subsurface of Hydrology and Ecological Effect in Arid Region (Chang’an University),Ministry of Education(300102299507)the Natural Science Basic Research Program of Shaanxi (2021JQ-791)。
