橡胶树死皮病药剂防治试验小结

对死皮停割橡胶树和在割2-4级死皮树进行不同处理试验的结果表明,各处理对死皮停割树均无效果;在2-4级死皮树试验中,（NH4）2Mo4O13、Na2[B4O5（OH）4]、ZnSO4组合处理防治有效率最高,为66.7%~83.3%;康丰518和BR的处理有效率分别为50.0%、50.0%~66.7%和33.3%~66.7%,说明在割胶树割胶部位树皮补充微量元素营养和适宜的生物激素对控制死皮病的发生是有实际意义的。

腹状镰刀菌引起的橡胶树基腐病的分离鉴定

橡胶树因基部腐烂死亡,经对其病原菌的分离、致病性测定,根据病原菌菌落形态特征,鉴定病原菌为镰刀菌属腹状镰刀菌（Fusarium venfricosum）.该病菌的适宜生长温度为10～40℃,最适生长温度为30℃,在40℃以上或10℃以下,菌丝的生长受到抑制.导致这次病害发生的主要原因是雨季积水.

镰刀菌引起的橡胶树两种新病害

在云南西双版纳橡胶树上发生了两种新病害,一种是引起橡胶树死亡的基腐病,另一种是引起胶树产量减少或不产胶的树干褐斑病.经镜检标本、病原菌分离、致病性测定和菌落形态特征观察、镜检分生孢子的形态和着生方式,鉴定结果为腹状镰刀菌Fusarium venfricosum,茎干褐斑病病原菌鉴定为多隔镰刀菌Fusarium decemcellulare.这两种新病害的出现可能与持续几十年种植橡胶树,在环境和营养的长期胁迫下出现树体衰退(Decline)有关.

两种镰刀菌引起的橡胶树病害

报道云南西双版纳新发生由镰刀菌引起的橡胶树基腐病、橡胶树茎干褐腐病的初步研究结果。

Isolation and Identification of Fungus Causing Collar Rot Disease of Rubber Tree

Collar rot caused the death of Hevea rubber in a village located in Jino County of Xishuangbanna in September, 2012. In order to elucidate the causal agent of collar rot and its taxonomic status, the causal fungus was isolated and identified through a series of tests about its pathogenicity, morphology, culture feature and biological characteristics. The results indicated that the fungus was Fusarium venfrico- sum. It could grow at temperatures ranging from 10 to 40 ℃, and the most suitable temperature was 30 ℃. Its mycelium growth was inhibited above 40 ℃ or below 10 ℃. The accumulated water in wet season was the main reason for this disease occurrence.