香石竹枯萎病及其病原菌基于rDNA的遗传分析

随着栽培年限的延长,昆明地区香石竹栽培中的枯萎病害发生日愈严重。通过田间调查及病原菌分离、鉴定、田间接种确定香石竹枯萎病的病原菌为立枯丝核菌。并以真菌通用ITS引物对所分离的3株病原菌进行PCR扩增,结果表明扩增片段为750bp,测序后去除引物序列长度为505bp,所分离3株立枯丝核菌的序列完全一致,该序列与马铃薯、西红柿、水稻、棉花立枯丝核菌的同源性在85%以上,表明所分离于香石竹枯萎病的3个病原菌为立枯丝核菌。利用DNAMAN4.0进行系统进化树分析,表明分离菌株与大麦、四季豆、马铃薯、西红柿、水稻、棉花等的立枯丝核菌归为一类,而落叶松、柠檬、青椒、剑兰、苹果、咖啡等的立枯丝核菌为另一类。在前茬作物交配类型无法确定的情况下,前茬作物的致病菌不仅存在交叉感染的可能,同时还可能产生新的变异类型。因此,在香石竹栽培过程中,应尽量避免在前茬作物为遗传学上相对较近的作物栽培土壤中种植。

云南香石竹立枯病病原的鉴定及致病性研究

27 Rhizoctonia solani isolates from carnation with damping-off symptoms were identified as anastomosis group AG-4 based on cultural characteristics and anastomosis in Yunnan.Sequence analysis of 5.8S rDNA-ITS of yx and tx presented 99% sequence similarity with AG-4 HGⅠtester isolate.Pathogenicity tests showed that isolates of AG-4 HG Ⅰ were pathogenic to carnation.This is the first record of damping-off of carnation caused by AG-4 HG Ⅰ in China.