M2巨噬细胞特征基因风险评分能准确预测HBV相关肝细胞癌患者的预后

目的探讨在乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)相关肝细胞癌(HCC)中M2巨噬细胞特征基因(MRG)对患者预后的评估价值及潜在的分子机制。方法从TCGA数据库获取73例HBV相关肝HCC患者的转录组数据,通过WGCNA识别M2巨噬细胞相关基因模块,利用LASSO鉴定出关键MRG并构建风险评分,并在外部数据集中验证风险评分的预测性能。应用CIBERSORT和R.pRRophetic分析风险评分与免疫细胞浸润、药物敏感性的关系。通过GSVA和GSEA对高风险组和低风险组的差异基因进行通路富集分析。R.Seurat验证在HCC中表达MRG的细胞类型,并通过R.Cellchat分析细胞互作强度,找到与HCC进展相关的重要细胞类型。流式细胞术检测肝癌条件培养基诱导THP-1向M2样极化,RT-qPCR验证MRG在HBV阳性的肝癌细胞系和M2巨噬细胞中表达。结果M2巨噬细胞高浸润状态与患者不良预后显著相关(P=0.025)。高风险组的总生存期(OS)均显著低于低风险组(训练集P=0.021,测试集P=0.046)。高风险组中M2巨噬细胞显著富集(P=0.03),低风险组中幼稚B细胞显著富集(P=0.049)。药物BI.2536对高风险组更有效(P=0.025),AG.014699(P=0.044)、AKT.inhibitor.VIII(P=0.041)、AZD.0530(P=0.0033)、AZD7762(P=0.0051)和BMS.708163(P=0.015)对低风险组更有效。通路富集分析结果表明,增殖相关通路和代谢相关通路在高风险组中富集。单核细胞在高风险组HCC进展的细胞互作中最为活跃。VTN在PLC/PRF/5中的表达显著上调(P<0.0001),GCLC、PARVB、TRIM27和GMPR在M2样THP-1中的表达显著上调(P=0.0037、P=0.0015、P=0.0071、P=0.0004)。结论MRG风险评分能准确预测HBV相关HCC患者的预后,揭示其肿瘤微环境的差异,为HCC患者的精准治疗提供了指导。

Preparation and antiviral effects of polysaccharides from Panax japonicus

Water-soluble polysaccharides were prepared from Panax japonicus by hot water extraction and ethanol precipitation.The polysaccharides were further purified by ion exchange chromatography to obtain neutral and acidic polysaccharides.The neutral polysaccharide fraction mainly contained Glc(90.2%),which was a glucan fraction.The acidic polysaccharide fraction mainly contained GalA(43.6%),Gal(21.7%),and Ara(15.4%),with a degree of methyl-esterification of 20.3%,which was a pectic polysaccharide.The acidic polysaccharide of Panax japonicus could effectively inhibit the replication of human seasonal influenza virus H1N1 and canine influenza virus H3N2 in MDCK cells and A549 cells and significantly reduce the virus titer in infected cells.It also effectively inhibited the number of infected cells of the SARS-CoV-2 South Africa strain and the Omicron strain.The acid polysaccharide of Panax japonicus showed good efficacy against influenza virus and COVID-19 infection,which could be used as a potential antiviral candidate drug molecule in the future.