Non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC)is now regarded as the most common cause of cancer-related mortality in China.Despite continuous efforts to improve the therapeutic response,the overall five-year survival rate for NSC...Non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC)is now regarded as the most common cause of cancer-related mortality in China.Despite continuous efforts to improve the therapeutic response,the overall five-year survival rate for NSCLC is still less than 15%.Now we have known that the growth of neoplastic tumors is maintained exclusively by a small subpopulation called "cancer stem cells" which posseses ability of self-renew and differentiation.It has been widely accepted that cancer stem cells are chemoresistant and radioresistant.Therefore,a major challenge in treating this and other cancers is the intrinsic resistance to conventional therapies demonstrated by the stem/progenitor cell that is responsible for the sustained growth,survival,and invasion of the tumor.Identifying these stem cells in non-small cell lung cancer and defining the biologic processes necessary for their existence are paramount in developing new clinical approaches with the goal of preventing disease recurrence.This review summarizes our update understandings of the cellular and molecular mechanisms operating within the putative cancer-initiating cells at the core of non-small cell lung cancer.展开更多
目的:规范即释吗啡剂量滴定方法及应用右美沙芬对吗啡的增效作用。方法:选择86例重度癌痛患者,试验分为吗啡滴定阶段和随机双盲对照试验阶段。吗啡滴定阶段:吗啡剂量从5 mg/4 h 1次开始,出现爆发痛时给予吗啡解救治疗,解救剂量为当日吗...目的:规范即释吗啡剂量滴定方法及应用右美沙芬对吗啡的增效作用。方法:选择86例重度癌痛患者,试验分为吗啡滴定阶段和随机双盲对照试验阶段。吗啡滴定阶段:吗啡剂量从5 mg/4 h 1次开始,出现爆发痛时给予吗啡解救治疗,解救剂量为当日吗啡总剂量的10%,直至疼痛稳定;随机双盲对照阶段:在吗啡滴定至疼痛稳定后,将所有吗啡剂量减量30%,加用右美沙芬或其模拟片(剂量比为1∶1),再次进行剂量滴定,至疼痛稳定。结果:滴定阶段:药物剂量于第4天达到稳定并以稳定的剂量持续用药。镇痛剂量最小为30 mg,最大为160 mg。患者的疼痛强度自第3天开始明显减弱并保持稳定,生活质量明显改善;对照试验阶段:2组患者的吗啡总用量均有所减少,加右美沙芬组的减药量略多于对照组,但2组间没有差异,疼痛强度在治疗期间均保持稳定。结论:规范的即释吗啡剂量滴定方法镇痛效果满意,加用右美沙芬有减少吗啡用药总量的趋势。展开更多
文摘Non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC)is now regarded as the most common cause of cancer-related mortality in China.Despite continuous efforts to improve the therapeutic response,the overall five-year survival rate for NSCLC is still less than 15%.Now we have known that the growth of neoplastic tumors is maintained exclusively by a small subpopulation called "cancer stem cells" which posseses ability of self-renew and differentiation.It has been widely accepted that cancer stem cells are chemoresistant and radioresistant.Therefore,a major challenge in treating this and other cancers is the intrinsic resistance to conventional therapies demonstrated by the stem/progenitor cell that is responsible for the sustained growth,survival,and invasion of the tumor.Identifying these stem cells in non-small cell lung cancer and defining the biologic processes necessary for their existence are paramount in developing new clinical approaches with the goal of preventing disease recurrence.This review summarizes our update understandings of the cellular and molecular mechanisms operating within the putative cancer-initiating cells at the core of non-small cell lung cancer.
