农业文化遗产地女性居民旅游参与的情感响应--以浙江青田稻鱼共生系统为例

近年来,旅游作为农业文化遗产动态保护和适应性管理的重要途径之一,逐渐受到遗产地的重视。农业文化遗产地旅游发展的特点以及当地劳动力现状决定了女性居民在旅游发展中发挥着重要作用。农业文化遗产地女性居民旅游参与问题影响遗产地保护和可持续旅游发展进程。因此,文章以前景理论和增权理论为基础,以浙江青田稻鱼共生系统为例,依据女性居民旅游参与的类型、时间分别对其进行分类处理,了解遗产地女性居民的旅游参与现状。利用ROST EA 1.9.04对访谈文本进行辅助处理,并针对不同类型女性居民进行情感分析。结果表明:相比较多重参与旅游的女性,单一参与旅游的女性会表现出更高的积极情绪;相比强参与旅游的女性,次强参与旅游的女性表现较为积极。究其原因,可以用前景理论中参照依赖、损失规避以及确定效应加以解释。同时,旅游的发展使得多数参与旅游的女性在经济、心理和政治等方面获得增权。但随着旅游参与程度的加深,承担多重劳动的压力,且在以家务分配权等家庭权力方面仍然处于相对弱势地位,成为多重参与或强参与旅游女性产生消极情绪的重要因素之一。因此,关于如何协调农业文化遗产地旅游社区女性居民合理参与到旅游发展中去,鼓励遗产地在制度增权和自主增权两方面赋权于民,仍然需要相关各方持续关注。

“两山理论”的实践路径 ——产业生态化和生态产业化协同发展研究

“绿水青山就是金山银山”(以下简称“两山理论”)生动形象地阐明了经济发展和生态环境保护之间的辩证关系。以“两山理论”为理论指导,分析产业生态化和生态产业化(以下简称“两化”)的内涵及其逻辑关系,并梳理其发展现状与存在的问题。结合典型案例,分析“两化”协同发展的实践模式。以高质量发展为导向,依据新发展理念,提出“两化”协同发展策略:以产业改革与创新为动力,以协调发展为整体发展方式,以绿色发展为基本要求,以开放发展为必由之路,以共享发展成果为目标。

北京科学教育场馆作用评价指标体系初探

科普场馆作为最基本而重要的一项科普基础设施,其最核心、最重要的功能就是教育功能,能够有效提升公众的科学素养。评估工作是科学教育场馆管理工作中的重要环节,建立科学教育馆评估体系是科学教育馆明确自身发展方向、优化科学教育效果、提升科普教育功能的关键。北京作为我国的科技中心,科普资源集中,本研究综合学习和借鉴国内外项目评估和场馆评估经验,以多利益主体目标优化为目标,结合学习理论,试图探索充分体现北京科学教育场馆教育功能的指标体系。

Sustainable or Not?Tourism Development in Agricultural Heritage Sites

Tourism is often considered as one of the dynamic conservation and adaptive management approaches in Agricultural Heritage Sites.It has been over 15 years since the GIAHS programme was initiated in China,and tourism developed quickly in the Agricultural Heritage Sites,to some extent because many researchers consider tourism as a significant engine of the local economy.However,this is contrary to the original intention of agricultural heritage tourism as it was proposed in the first place.Apparently,there are some overt problems during the tourism development process,which are mainly as follows:Some threats to Agricultural Heritage Systems are ubiquitous;The tourism development mode in Agricultural Heritage Sites is questionable;Community involvement is difficult to implement;And the negative environmental impacts are easy to overlook.Under the context of global development,the UNWTO sustainable tourism criteria provide some guidance for agricultural heritage tourism.Based on the Global Sustainable Tourism Criteria,combined with previous survey experiences and related researches,this paper analyzes the tourism sustainability of all the 15 GIAHS sites in China,and explores the current sustainable tourism development level.On this basis,an agricultural heritage sustainable tourism development framework was built in an attempt to find the road to sustainability for agricultural heritage tourism.The framework in the global and local contexts is trying to connect all the important elements related to agricultural heritage tourism according to the UNWTO sustainable tourism criteria.

Ecological Theory and Practice in Tourism Research in the New Era

With the development of tourism, the number of tourists and the scope of tourism activities are increasing, and the impact of tourism on the ecological environment is gradually revealed. The ecological environment is the foundation of sustainable tourism development. Some tourist destinations lack systematic and scientific evaluation and the proper planning of tourism resources, which makes it difficult for local areas to cope with the influx of a large number of people. In these destinations, the internal system is perturbed by a series of disturbances, which leads to bad effects on the local ecological environment. In addition to endangering the development of tourism, the quality of life of local residents is also threatened. Consequently, the issues between tourism and environment have become a hot topic in the field of tourism research. Through the collection of domestic and foreign tourism literature related to ecological theories since 1990 to 2020, the status of the application of various ecological theories in the field of tourism is revealed, such as life cycle theory, landscape ecology theory, carrying capacity theory, biodiversity, ecological niche theory and ecological footprint theory. This analysis found that the application of these theories to tourism mainly focuses on empirical research, and there are few studies on the basic theories related to it. In the empirical research, innovation of the research methods is basically absent. Therefore, future research should pay more attention to the theoretical research of ecological theory in the field of tourism,and combine modern science and technology in the practical application to strengthen the innovation of research methods. In addition, the prospect of applying ecological theories in future tourism research is discussed.